110th United States Congress

110th United States Congress

109th ← → 111th United States Capitol (2007) Duration: January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009 Senate President: Dick Cheney (R) Senate Pres. pro tem: Robert Byrd (D) House Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D) Members: 100 Senators 435 Representatives 5 Non-voting members Senate Majority: Democratic Party (coalition) House Majority: Democratic Party Sessions 1st: January 4, 2007 – December 19, 2007 2nd: January 3, 2008 – January 3, 2009

The One Hundred Tenth United States Congress was the meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, between January 3, 2007, and January 3, 2009, during the last two years of the second term of President George W. Bush. It was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The apportionment of seats in the House was based on the 2000 U.S. census.

The Democratic Party controlled a majority in both chambers for the first time since the end of the 103rd Congress in 1995. Although the Democrats held fewer than 50 Senate seats, they had an operational majority because the two independent senators caucused with the Democrats for organizational purposes. No Democratic-held seats had fallen to the Republican Party in the 2006 elections. Democrat Nancy Pelosi became the first woman Speaker of the House. The House also received the first Muslim (Keith Ellison) and Buddhist (Hank Johnson and Mazie Hirono) members of Congress.

Major events

Members debated initiatives such as the Democrats' 100-Hour Plan and the Iraq War troop surge of 2007.

President Bush delivered the 2007 State of the Union Address on January 23, 2007

President Bush delivered the 2008 State of the Union Address on January 28, 2008

Support for the Iraq War

Following President Bush's 2007 State of the Union Address, Congress debated his proposal to create a troop surge to increase security in Iraq. The House of Representatives passed a non-binding measure opposing the surge and then a $124 billion emergency spending measure to fund the war, which included language that dictated troop levels and withdrawal schedules. President Bush, however, vetoed the bill as promised, making this his second veto while in office. Both houses of Congress subsequently passed a bill funding the war without timelines, but with benchmarks for the Iraqi government and money for other spending projects like disaster relief.

Other events

See also: 2007 in the United States and 2008 in the United States

• January 23, 2007: President Bush delivered the 2007 State of the Union Address
• August 2, 2007: The Republican minority disputed the results of a vote to recommit. This led to an investigation by the House Select Committee on Voting Irregularities.
• December 18, 2007: The Senate set a record for the most cloture votes.
• January 2008: Start of the Great Recession
• January 28, 2008: President Bush delivered the 2008 State of the Union Address
• September 15, 2008 The precipitation of global financial crisis intensifies a recession that began in January.
• November 4, 2008: General elections - Democrats increased their congressional majorities and Senator Barack Obama was elected President.

Major legislation

These are partial lists of prominent enacted legislation and pending bills.

See also: 2008 Congressional Record, Vol. 154, Page D845 , Resume of Congressional Activity

Enacted

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 110th United States Congress

• February 2, 2007 — House Page Board Revision Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–2, 121 Stat. 4
• May 25, 2007 — U.S. Troop Readiness, Veterans' Care, Katrina Recovery, and Iraq Accountability Appropriations Act, 2007, Pub.L. 110–28, 121 Stat. 112, including Title VIII: Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007, 121 Stat. 188
• June 14, 2007 — Preserving United States Attorney Independence Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–34, 121 Stat. 224
• July 26, 2007 — Foreign Investment and National Security Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–49, 121 Stat. 246
• August 3, 2007 — Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–53, 121 Stat. 266
• August 5, 2007 — Protect America Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–55, 121 Stat. 552
• September 14, 2007 — Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, Pub.L. 110–81, 121 Stat. 735
• November 8, 2007 — Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–114, 121 Stat. 1041 - Veto Overridden
• December 19, 2007 — Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110–140, 121 Stat. 1492
• February 13, 2008 — Economic Stimulus Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–185, 122 Stat. 613
• May 21, 2008 — Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, Pub.L. 110–233, 122 Stat. 881
• May 22, 2008 — Food and Energy Security Act of 2007 (2007 Farm Bill), Pub.L. 110–234, 122 Stat. 923 - Veto Overridden
• June 30, 2008 — Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–252, 122 Stat. 2323, including Title V: Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 ("G.I. Bill 2008")
• July 10, 2008 — FISA Amendments Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–261, 122 Stat. 2436
• July 29, 2008 — Tom Lantos Block Burmese JADE (Junta's Anti-Democratic Efforts) Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–286, 122 Stat. 2632
• July 30, 2008 — Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110–289, 122 Stat. 2654

House in Salinas, California under foreclosure, following the bursting of the U.S. real estate bubble.

• October 3, 2008 — Public Law 110-343 (Pub.L. 110–343), 122 Stat. 3765, including:
  • Div. A: Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, H.R. 1424;
  • Div. B: Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008; and
  • Div. C: Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008
• October 15, 2008 — Pub.L. 110–430: Setting the beginning of the first session of the 111th Congress and the date for counting Electoral College votes, 122 Stat. 4846
• December 19, 2008 — Pub.L. 110–455: A Saxbe fix, reducing the compensation and other emoluments attached to the office of Secretary of State to that which was in effect on January 1, 2007: allowing Hillary Clinton to serve as Secretary of State despite the Emoluments Clause of the United States Constitution.

More information: Public Laws for the 110th Congress and Complete index of Public and Private Laws for 110th Congress at GPO

Proposed, but not enacted

in (alphabetical order)

• America's Climate Security Act of 2007
• Auto Industry Financing and Restructuring Act
• Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2007
• Deceptive Practices and Voter Intimidation Prevention Act
• District of Columbia House Voting Rights Act of 2007
• Employee Free Choice Act
• Employment Non-Discrimination Act
• Executive Branch Reform Act of 2007
• Family and Consumer Choice Act of 2007
• Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act of 2007
• Habeas Corpus Restoration Act of 2007
• Iraq War De-Escalation Act of 2007
• Local Law Enforcement Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2007
• Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2007
• Personal Use of Marijuana by Responsible Adults Act of 2008
• Public Safety Employer-Employee Cooperation Act of 2007
• State Children's Health Insurance Program

Vetoed

• Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 (SCHIP, H.R. 976)
• Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 (SCHIP, H.R. 3963)
• Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act (H.R. 3043)
• Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act of 2007 (S. 5)
• Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 (S. 1943)
• H.R. 1585: an earlier version of National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008
• H.R. 1591: an earlier version of U.S. Troop Readiness, Veterans' Care, Katrina Recovery, and Iraq Accountability Appropriations Act, 2007

Treaties ratified

• 110-1: Land-Based Sources Protocol to Cartagena Convention (September 25, 2008)
• 110-2: Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks (December 7, 2007)
• 110-3: Tax Convention with Belgium (December 14, 2007)
• 110-4: International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism (September 25, 2008)
• 110-6: Amendment to Convention on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (September 25, 2008)
• 110-8: Protocols of 2005 to the Convention concerning Safety of Maritime Navigation and to the Protocol concerning Safety of Fixed Platforms on the Continental Shelf (September 25, 2008)
• 110-9: Protocol of Amendments to Convention on International Hydrographic Organization (July 21, 2008)
• 110-11: Extradition Treaty with Romania and Protocol to the Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters with Romania (September 23, 2008)
• 110-12: Extradition Treaty with Bulgaria and an Agreement on Certain Aspects of Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters with Bulgaria (September 23, 2008)
• 110-13: International Convention on Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships, 2001 (September 26, 2008)
• 110-14: International Convention Against Doping in Sport (July 21, 2008)
• 110-15: Protocol Amending 1980 Tax Convention with Canada (September 23, 2008)
• 110-16: Amendments to the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992) (September 25, 2008)
• 110-17: Tax Convention with Iceland (September 23, 2008)
• 110-18: Tax Convention with Bulgaria with Proposed Protocol of Amendment (September 23, 2008)
• 110-20: Protocols to the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949 on Accession of Albania and Croatia (September 25, 2008)

Select committees

• Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies
• House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming
• House Select Committee on the Voting Irregularities of August 2, 2007

Hearings

• Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy hearings - (House and Senate Judiciary Committees)

See also: Congressional hearing

Party summary

Senate

  Democratic Party: 49 members.

  Republican Party: 49 members.

  Independents: 2 members.

Membership changed with one death and two resignations.

Affiliation	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)			Total
	Democratic	Independent	Republican		Vacant
End of previous Congress	44	1	55	100	0
Begin	49	2	49	100	0
June 4, 2007			48	99	1
June 25, 2007			49	100	0
December 18, 2007			48	99	1
December 31, 2007			49	100	0
November 16, 2008	48			99	1
Final voting share	50.5%		49.5%
Beginning of the next Congress	55	2	41	98	2

House of Representatives

Membership at the beginning of the 110th Congress:

  Democratic Party: 233 members.

  Republican Party: 202 members.

Membership fluctuated with seven deaths and eight resignations. Democrats achieved a net gain of three seats as a result of their victories in special elections. See Changes in membership, below.

Affiliation	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)		Total
	Democratic	Republican		Vacant
End of previous Congress	203	229	432	3
Begin	233	202	435	0
February 13, 2007		201	434	1
April 22, 2007	232		433	2
July 1, 2007	231		432	3
July 17, 2007		202	433	2
August 21, 2007	232		434	1
September 5, 2007		201	433	2
October 10, 2007		200	432	3
October 16, 2007	233		433	2
November 26, 2007		199	432	3
December 11, 2007		201	434	1
December 15, 2007	232		433	2
December 31, 2007		200	432	3
January 14, 2008		199	431	4
February 2, 2008		198	430	5
February 11, 2008	231		429	6
March 8, 2008	232		430	5
March 11, 2008	233		431	4
April 8, 2008	234		432	3
May 3, 2008	235	199	434	1
May 13, 2008	236		435	0
May 31, 2008	235		434	1
June 17, 2008	236		435	0
August 20, 2008	235		434	1
November 18, 2008	236		435	0
November 24, 2008		198	434	1
January 2, 2009	235		433	2
Final voting share	54.3%	45.7%
Non-voting members	4	1	5	0
Beginning of next Congress	256	178	434	1

Leadership

[ Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R) • House: Majority (D), Minority (R) ]

Senate

Senate President
Dick Cheney (R)

Senate President pro tempore
Robert Byrd (D)

• President of the Senate: Dick Cheney (R)
• President pro tempore: Robert Byrd (D)
• President pro tempore emeritus: Ted Stevens (R)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader and Democratic Conference Chairman: Harry Reid
• Assistant Majority Leader (Majority Whip): Richard Durbin
• Democratic Conference Vice Chairman and Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Charles Schumer
• Democratic Conference Secretary: Patty Murray
• Democratic Policy Committee Chairman: Byron Dorgan
• Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee Chair: Debbie Stabenow
• Democratic Committee Outreach Chairman: Jeff Bingaman
• Democratic Committee Outreach Vice Chair: Hillary Clinton
• Democratic Rural Outreach Chair: Blanche Lincoln
• Chief Deputy Whip: Barbara Boxer
• Deputy Whips: Thomas Carper, Bill Nelson, Russell D. Feingold

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell
• Assistant Minority Leader (Minority Whip): Trent Lott, until December 18, 2007
  • Jon Kyl, from December 18, 2007
• Counselor to the Minority Leader: Robert Bennett
• Republican Conference Chairman: Jon Kyl, until December 18, 2007
  • Lamar Alexander, from December 18, 2007
• Republican Policy Committee Chairman: Kay Bailey Hutchison
• Republican Conference Vice Chair: John Cornyn
• National Republican Senatorial Committee Chair: John Ensign

House of Representatives

House Speaker
Nancy Pelosi (D)

• Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D)
• Assistant to the Speaker: Xavier Becerra

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer
• Majority Whip: James Clyburn
• Senior Chief Deputy Majority Whip: John Lewis
• Chief Deputy Majority Whips: Debbie Wasserman Schultz, G.K. Butterfield, Joseph Crowley, Diana DeGette, Ed Pastor, Jan Schakowsky, John S. Tanner, and Maxine Waters
• Democratic Caucus Chairman: Rahm Emanuel
• Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman: John Larson
• Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Chris Van Hollen
• Democratic Steering/Policy Committee Co-Chairs: Rosa DeLauro for Steering and George Miller for Policy

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: John Boehner
• Minority Whip: Roy Blunt
• Chief Deputy Minority Whip: Eric Cantor
• Republican Conference Chair: Adam Putnam
• Republican Policy Committee Chairman: Thad McCotter
• Republican Conference Vice-Chair: Kay Granger
• Republican Conference Secretary: John Carter
• Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Tom Cole

Members

• Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

See also: United States Senate elections, 2006

Alabama

• 3. Richard Shelby (R)
• 2. Jeff Sessions (R)

Alaska

• 2. Ted Stevens (R)
• 3. Lisa Murkowski (R)

Arizona

• 3. John McCain (R)
• 1. Jon Kyl (R)

Arkansas

• 3. Blanche Lincoln (D)
• 2. Mark Pryor (D)

California

• 1. Dianne Feinstein (D)
• 3. Barbara Boxer (D)

Colorado

• 2. Wayne Allard (R)
• 3. Ken Salazar (D)

Connecticut

• 3. Chris Dodd (D)
• 1. Joe Lieberman (ID)

Delaware

• 2. Joe Biden (D)
• 1. Tom Carper (D)

Florida

• 1. Bill Nelson (D)
• 3. Mel Martinez (R)

Georgia

• 2. Saxby Chambliss (R)
• 3. Johnny Isakson (R)

Hawaii

• 3. Daniel Inouye (D)
• 1. Daniel Akaka (D)

Idaho

• 2. Larry Craig (R)
• 3. Mike Crapo (R)

Illinois

• 2. Dick Durbin (D)
• 3. Barack Obama (D), until November 16, 2008, vacant thereafter

Indiana

• 1. Richard Lugar (R)
• 3. Evan Bayh (D)

Iowa

• 3. Chuck Grassley (R)
• 2. Tom Harkin (D)

Kansas

• 3. Sam Brownback (R)
• 2. Pat Roberts (R)

Kentucky

• 2. Mitch McConnell (R)
• 3. Jim Bunning (R)

Louisiana

• 2. Mary Landrieu (D)
• 3. David Vitter (R)

Maine

• 1. Olympia Snowe (R)
• 2. Susan Collins (R)

Maryland

• 3. Barbara Mikulski (D)
• 1. Ben Cardin (D)

Massachusetts

• 1. Ted Kennedy (D)
• 2. John Kerry (D)

Michigan

• 2. Carl Levin (D)
• 1. Debbie Stabenow (D)

Minnesota

• 2. Norm Coleman (R)
• 1. Amy Klobuchar (D)

Mississippi

• 2. Thad Cochran (R)
• 1. Trent Lott (R), until December 18, 2007
  • Roger Wicker (R), from December 31, 2007

Missouri

• 3. Kit Bond (R)
• 1. Claire McCaskill (D)

Montana

• 2. Max Baucus (D)
• 1. Jon Tester (D)

Nebraska

• 2. Chuck Hagel (R)
• 1. Ben Nelson (D)

Nevada

• 3. Harry Reid (D)
• 1. John Ensign (R)

New Hampshire

• 3. Judd Gregg (R)
• 2. John E. Sununu (R)

New Jersey

• 2. Frank Lautenberg (D)
• 1. Bob Menendez (D)

New Mexico

• 2. Pete Domenici (R)
• 1. Jeff Bingaman (D)

New York

• 3. Chuck Schumer (D)
• 1. Hillary Clinton (D)

North Carolina

• 2. Elizabeth Dole (R)
• 3. Richard Burr (R)

North Dakota

• 1. Kent Conrad (D)
• 3. Byron Dorgan (D)

Ohio

• 3. George Voinovich (R)
• 1. Sherrod Brown (D)

Oklahoma

• 2. Jim Inhofe (R)
• 3. Tom Coburn (R)

Oregon

• 3. Ron Wyden (D)
• 2. Gordon Smith (R)

Pennsylvania

• 3. Arlen Specter (R)
• 1. Bob Casey, Jr. (D)

Rhode Island

• 2. Jack Reed (D)
• 1. Sheldon Whitehouse (D)

South Carolina

• 2. Lindsey Graham (R)
• 3. Jim DeMint (R)

South Dakota

• 2. Tim Johnson (D)
• 3. John Thune (R)

Tennessee

• 2. Lamar Alexander (R)
• 1. Bob Corker (R)

Texas

• 1. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R)
• 2. John Cornyn (R)

Utah

• 1. Orrin Hatch (R)
• 3. Robert Bennett (R)

Vermont

• 3. Patrick Leahy (D)
• 1. Bernie Sanders (I)

Virginia

• 2. John Warner (R)
• 1. Jim Webb (D)

Washington

• 3. Patty Murray (D)
• 1. Maria Cantwell (D)

West Virginia

• 1. Robert Byrd (D)
• 2. Jay Rockefeller (D)

Wisconsin

• 1. Herb Kohl (D)
• 3. Russ Feingold (D)

Wyoming

• 1. Craig Thomas (R), until June 4, 2007
  • John Barrasso (R), from June 22, 2007
• 2. Mike Enzi (R)

Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 110th Congress in January 2007

  2 Democrats

  1 Democrat and 1 Republican

  2 Republicans

   1 Independent and 1 Democrat

Senators in the 110th Congress

Senate Majority Leader
Harry Reid (D)

Senate Minority Leader
Mitch McConnell (R)

Senate Majority Whip
Dick Durbin (D)

Senate Minority Whip, until December 18, 2007
Trent Lott (R)

Senate Minority Whip, from December 18, 2007
Jon Kyl (R)

House of Representatives

See also: United States House of Representatives elections, 2006

Further information: List of United States Congressional districts

Alabama

(5–2 Republican)

• 1. Jo Bonner (R)
• 2. Terry Everett (R)
• 3. Mike D. Rogers (R)
• 4. Robert Aderholt (R)
• 5. Bud Cramer (D)
• 6. Spencer Bachus (R)
• 7. Artur Davis (D)

Alaska

(1 Republican)

• At-large. Don Young (R)

Arizona

(4–4 split)

• 1. Rick Renzi (R)
• 2. Trent Franks (R)
• 3. John Shadegg (R)
• 4. Ed Pastor (D)
• 5. Harry Mitchell (D)
• 6. Jeff Flake (R)
• 7. Raúl M. Grijalva (D)
• 8. Gabrielle Giffords (D)

Arkansas

(3–1 Democratic)

• 1. Marion Berry (D)
• 2. Vic Snyder (D)
• 3. John Boozman (R)
• 4. Mike Ross (D)

California

(34–19 Democratic)

• 1. Mike Thompson (D)
• 2. Wally Herger (R)
• 3. Dan Lungren (R)
• 4. John Doolittle (R)
• 5. Doris Matsui (D)
• 6. Lynn Woolsey (D)
• 7. George Miller (D)
• 8. Nancy Pelosi (D)
• 9. Barbara Lee (D)
• 10. Ellen Tauscher (D)
• 11. Jerry McNerney (D)
• 12. Tom Lantos (D), until February 11, 2008
  • Jackie Speier (D), from April 8, 2008
• 13. Pete Stark (D)
• 14. Anna Eshoo (D)
• 15. Mike Honda (D)
• 16. Zoe Lofgren (D)
• 17. Sam Farr (D)
• 18. Dennis Cardoza (D)
• 19. George Radanovich (R)
• 20. Jim Costa (D)
• 21. Devin Nunes (R)
• 22. Kevin McCarthy (R)
• 23. Lois Capps (D)
• 24. Elton Gallegly (R)
• 25. Howard McKeon (R)
• 26. David Dreier (R)
• 27. Brad Sherman (D)
• 28. Howard Berman (D)
• 29. Adam Schiff (D)
• 30. Henry Waxman (D)
• 31. Xavier Becerra (D)
• 32. Hilda Solis (D)
• 33. Diane Watson (D)
• 34. Lucille Roybal-Allard (D)
• 35. Maxine Waters (D)
• 36. Jane Harman (D)
• 37. Juanita Millender-McDonald (D), until April 22, 2007
  • Laura Richardson (D), from August 21, 2007
• 38. Grace Napolitano (D)
• 39. Linda Sánchez (D)
• 40. Edward R. Royce (R)
• 41. Jerry Lewis (R)
• 42. Gary Miller (R)
• 43. Joe Baca (D)
• 44. Ken Calvert (R)
• 45. Mary Bono (R)
• 46. Dana Rohrabacher (R)
• 47. Loretta Sanchez (D)
• 48. John Campbell (R)
• 49. Darrell Issa (R)
• 50. Brian Bilbray (R)
• 51. Bob Filner (D)
• 52. Duncan Hunter (R)
• 53. Susan Davis (D)

Colorado

(4–3 Democratic)

• 1. Diana DeGette (D)
• 2. Mark Udall (D)
• 3. John Salazar (D)
• 4. Marilyn Musgrave (R)
• 5. Doug Lamborn (R)
• 6. Thomas G. Tancredo (R)
• 7. Ed Perlmutter (D)

Connecticut

(4–1 Democratic)

• 1. John Larson (D)
• 2. Joe Courtney (D)
• 3. Rosa DeLauro (D)
• 4. Christopher Shays (R)
• 5. Chris Murphy (D)

Delaware

(1 Republican)

• At-large. Michael N. Castle (R)

Florida

(16–9 Republican)

• 1. Jeff Miller (R)
• 2. Allen Boyd (D)
• 3. Corrine Brown (D)
• 4. Ander Crenshaw (R)
• 5. Ginny Brown-Waite (R)
• 6. Cliff Stearns (R)
• 7. John Mica (R)
• 8. Ric Keller (R)
• 9. Gus Bilirakis (R)
• 10. Bill Young (R)
• 11. Kathy Castor (D)
• 12. Adam Putnam (R)
• 13. Vern Buchanan (R)
• 14. Connie Mack IV (R)
• 15. Dave Weldon (R)
• 16. Tim Mahoney (D)
• 17. Kendrick Meek (D)
• 18. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R)
• 19. Robert Wexler (D)
• 20. Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)
• 21. Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R)
• 22. Ron Klein (D)
• 23. Alcee Hastings (D)
• 24. Tom Feeney (R)
• 25. Mario Diaz-Balart (R)

Georgia

(7–6 Republican)

• 1. Jack Kingston (R)
• 2. Sanford Bishop (D)
• 3. Lynn Westmoreland (R)
• 4. Hank Johnson (D)
• 5. John Lewis (D)
• 6. Tom Price (R)
• 7. John Linder (R)
• 8. Jim Marshall (D)
• 9. Nathan Deal (R)
• 10. Charlie Norwood (R), until February 13, 2007
  • Paul Broun (R), from July 17, 2007
• 11. Phil Gingrey (R)
• 12. John Barrow (D)
• 13. David Scott (D)

Hawaii

(2 Democrats)

• 1. Neil Abercrombie (D)
• 2. Mazie Hirono (D)

Idaho

(2 Republicans)

• 1. William Sali (R)
• 2. Michael K. Simpson (R)

Illinois

(10–9 Democratic, then 11–8 Democratic)

• 1. Bobby Rush (D)
• 2. Jesse Jackson, Jr. (D)
• 3. Dan Lipinski (D)
• 4. Luis Gutierrez (D)
• 5. Rahm Emanuel (D), until January 2, 2009, vacant thereafter
• 6. Peter Roskam (R)
• 7. Danny K. Davis (D)
• 8. Melissa Bean (D)
• 9. Janice D. Schakowsky (D)
• 10. Mark Steven Kirk (R)
• 11. Jerry Weller (R)
• 12. Jerry Costello (D)
• 13. Judy Biggert (R)
• 14. Dennis Hastert (R), until November 26, 2007
  • Bill Foster (D), from March 8, 2008
• 15. Timothy V. Johnson (R)
• 16. Donald Manzullo (R)
• 17. Philip Hare (D)
• 18. Ray LaHood (R)
• 19. John Shimkus (R)

Indiana

(5–4 Democratic)

• 1. Pete Visclosky (D)
• 2. Joe Donnelly (D)
• 3. Mark Souder (R)
• 4. Steve Buyer (R)
• 5. Dan Burton (R)
• 6. Mike Pence (R)
• 7. Julia Carson (D), until December 15, 2007
  • André Carson (D), from March 11, 2008
• 8. Brad Ellsworth (D)
• 9. Baron Hill (D)

Iowa

(3–2 Democratic)

• 1. Bruce Braley (D)
• 2. David Loebsack (D)
• 3. Leonard Boswell (D)
• 4. Tom Latham (R)
• 5. Steve King (R)

Kansas

(2–2 split)

• 1. Jerry Moran (R)
• 2. Nancy Boyda (D)
• 3. Dennis Moore (D)
• 4. Todd Tiahrt (R)

Kentucky

(4–2 Republican)

• 1. Ed Whitfield (R)
• 2. Ron Lewis (R)
• 3. John Yarmuth (D)
• 4. Geoff Davis (R)
• 5. Harold Rogers (R)
• 6. Ben Chandler (D)

Louisiana

(5–2 Republican, then 4-3 Republican)

• 1. Bobby Jindal (R), until January 14, 2008
  • Steve Scalise (R), from May 3, 2008
• 2. William J. Jefferson (D)
• 3. Charlie Melancon (D)
• 4. Jim McCrery (R)
• 5. Rodney Alexander (R)
• 6. Richard H. Baker (R), until February 2, 2008
  • Don Cazayoux (D), from May 3, 2008
• 7. Charles Boustany (R)

Maine

(2 Democrats)

• 1. Tom Allen (D)
• 2. Mike Michaud (D)

Maryland

(6–2 Democratic)

• 1. Wayne Gilchrest (R)
• 2. Dutch Ruppersberger (D)
• 3. John Sarbanes (D)
• 4. Albert Wynn (D), until May 31, 2008
  • Donna Edwards (D), from June 17, 2008
• 5. Steny Hoyer (D)
• 6. Roscoe Bartlett (R)
• 7. Elijah Cummings (D)
• 8. Chris Van Hollen (D)

Massachusetts

(10 Democrats)

• 1. John Olver (D)
• 2. Richard Neal (D)
• 3. Jim McGovern (D)
• 4. Barney Frank (D)
• 5. Marty Meehan (D), until July 1, 2007
  • Niki Tsongas (D), from October 16, 2007
• 6. John Tierney (D)
• 7. Ed Markey (D)
• 8. Mike Capuano (D)
• 9. Stephen Lynch (D)
• 10. Bill Delahunt (D)

Michigan

(9–6 Republican)

• 1. Bart Stupak (D)
• 2. Peter Hoekstra (R)
• 3. Vern Ehlers (R)
• 4. David Lee Camp (R)
• 5. Dale E. Kildee (D)
• 6. Fred Upton (R)
• 7. Tim Walberg (R)
• 8. Mike Rogers (R)
• 9. Joe Knollenberg (R)
• 10. Candice Miller (R)
• 11. Thaddeus McCotter (R)
• 12. Sander Levin (D)
• 13. Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D)
• 14. John Conyers (D)
• 15. John Dingell (D)

Minnesota

(5–3 Democratic)

• 1. Tim Walz (D)
• 2. John Kline (R)
• 3. Jim Ramstad (R)
• 4. Betty McCollum (D)
• 5. Keith Ellison (D)
• 6. Michele Bachmann (R)
• 7. Collin Peterson (D)
• 8. Jim Oberstar (D)

Mississippi

(2–2 split, then 3–1 Democratic)

• 1. Roger Wicker (R), until December 31, 2007
  • Travis Childers (D), from May 13, 2008
• 2. Bennie Thompson (D)
• 3. Chip Pickering (R)
• 4. Gene Taylor (D)

Missouri

(5–4 Republican)

• 1. William Lacy Clay, Jr. (D)
• 2. Todd Akin (R)
• 3. Russ Carnahan (D)
• 4. Ike Skelton (D)
• 5. Emanuel Cleaver (D)
• 6. Sam Graves (R)
• 7. Roy Blunt (R)
• 8. Jo Ann Emerson (R)
• 9. Kenny Hulshof (R)

Montana

(1 Republican)

• At-large. Denny Rehberg (R)

Nebraska

(3 Republicans)

• 1. Jeff Fortenberry (R)
• 2. Lee Terry (R)
• 3. Adrian Smith (R)

Nevada

(2–1 Republican)

• 1. Shelley Berkley (D)
• 2. Dean Heller (R)
• 3. Jon Porter (R)

New Hampshire

(2 Democrats)

• 1. Carol Shea-Porter (D)
• 2. Paul Hodes (D)

New Jersey

(7–6 Democratic)

• 1. Rob Andrews (D)
• 2. Frank LoBiondo (R)
• 3. Jim Saxton (R)
• 4. Chris Smith (R)
• 5. Scott Garrett (R)
• 6. Frank Pallone (D)
• 7. Mike Ferguson (R)
• 8. Bill Pascrell Jr. (D)
• 9. Steve Rothman (D)
• 10. Donald M. Payne (D)
• 11. Rodney Frelinghuysen (R)
• 12. Rush D. Holt Jr. (D)
• 13. Albio Sires (D)

New Mexico

(2–1 Republican)

• 1. Heather Wilson (R)
• 2. Steve Pearce (R)
• 3. Tom Udall (D)

New York

(23–6 Democratic)

• 1. Tim Bishop (D)
• 2. Steve Israel (D)
• 3. Peter T. King (R)
• 4. Carolyn McCarthy (D)
• 5. Gary Ackerman (D)
• 6. Gregory W. Meeks (D)
• 7. Joseph Crowley (D)
• 8. Jerrold Nadler (D)
• 9. Anthony D. Weiner (D)
• 10. Ed Towns (D)
• 11. Yvette D. Clarke (D)
• 12. Nydia Velázquez (D)
• 13. Vito Fossella (R)
• 14. Carolyn B. Maloney (D)
• 15. Charles B. Rangel (D)
• 16. José Serrano (D)
• 17. Eliot L. Engel (D)
• 18. Nita Lowey (D)
• 19. John Hall (D)
• 20. Kirsten Gillibrand (D)
• 21. Michael R. McNulty (D)
• 22. Maurice Hinchey (D)
• 23. John M. McHugh (R)
• 24. Michael Arcuri (D)
• 25. Jim Walsh (R)
• 26. Tom Reynolds (R)
• 27. Brian Higgins (D)
• 28. Louise McIntosh Slaughter (D)
• 29. Randy Kuhl (R)

North Carolina

(7–6 Democratic)

• 1. G. K. Butterfield (D)
• 2. Bob Etheridge (D)
• 3. Walter B. Jones (R)
• 4. David Price (D)
• 5. Virginia Foxx (R)
• 6. Howard Coble (R)
• 7. Mike McIntyre (D)
• 8. Robin Hayes (R)
• 9. Sue Wilkins Myrick (R)
• 10. Patrick McHenry (R)
• 11. Heath Shuler (D)
• 12. Mel Watt (D)
• 13. Brad Miller (D)

North Dakota

(1 Democrat)

• At-large. Earl Pomeroy (D)

Ohio

(11–7 Republican)

• 1. Steve Chabot (R)
• 2. Jean Schmidt (R)
• 3. Michael R. Turner (R)
• 4. Jim Jordan (R)
• 5. Paul Gillmor (R), until September 5, 2007
  • Bob Latta (R), from December 11, 2007
• 6. Charlie Wilson (D)
• 7. Dave Hobson (R)
• 8. John A. Boehner (R)
• 9. Marcy Kaptur (D)
• 10. Dennis J. Kucinich (D)
• 11. Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D), until August 20, 2008
  • Marcia Fudge (D), from November 18, 2008
• 12. Pat Tiberi (R)
• 13. Betty Sutton (D)
• 14. Steve LaTourette (R)
• 15. Deborah Pryce (R)
• 16. Ralph S. Regula (R)
• 17. Tim Ryan (D)
• 18. Zack Space (D)

Oklahoma

(4–1 Republican)

• 1. John Sullivan (R)
• 2. Dan Boren (D)
• 3. Frank Lucas (R)
• 4. Tom Cole (R)
• 5. Mary Fallin (R)

Oregon

(4–1 Democratic)

• 1. David Wu (D)
• 2. Greg Walden (R)
• 3. Earl Blumenauer (D)
• 4. Peter DeFazio (D)
• 5. Darlene Hooley (D)

Pennsylvania

(11–8 Democratic)

• 1. Bob Brady (D)
• 2. Chaka Fattah (D)
• 3. Phil English (R)
• 4. Jason Altmire (D)
• 5. John E. Peterson (R)
• 6. Jim Gerlach (R)
• 7. Joe Sestak (D)
• 8. Patrick Murphy (D)
• 9. Bill Shuster (R)
• 10. Chris Carney (D)
• 11. Paul E. Kanjorski (D)
• 12. John Murtha (D)
• 13. Allyson Schwartz (D)
• 14. Michael F. Doyle (D)
• 15. Charlie Dent (R)
• 16. Joseph R. Pitts (R)
• 17. Tim Holden (D)
• 18. Tim Murphy (R)
• 19. Todd Platts (R)

Rhode Island

(2 Democrats)

• 1. Patrick J. Kennedy (D)
• 2. James Langevin (D)

South Carolina

(4–2 Republican)

• 1. Henry E. Brown, Jr. (R)
• 2. Joe Wilson (R)
• 3. Gresham Barrett (R)
• 4. Bob Inglis (R)
• 5. John Spratt (D)
• 6. Jim Clyburn (D)

South Dakota

(1 Democrat)

• At-large. Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (D)

Tennessee

(5–4 Democratic)

• 1. David Davis (R)
• 2. John Duncan (R)
• 3. Zach Wamp (R)
• 4. Lincoln Davis (D)
• 5. Jim Cooper (D)
• 6. Bart Gordon (D)
• 7. Marsha Blackburn (R)
• 8. John S. Tanner (D)
• 9. Steve Cohen (D)

Texas

(19–13 Republican)

• 1. Louie Gohmert (R)
• 2. Ted Poe (R)
• 3. Sam Johnson (R)
• 4. Ralph Hall (R)
• 5. Jeb Hensarling (R)
• 6. Joe Barton (R)
• 7. John Culberson (R)
• 8. Kevin Brady (R)
• 9. Al Green (D)
• 10. Michael McCaul (R)
• 11. Mike Conaway (R)
• 12. Kay Granger (R)
• 13. Mac Thornberry (R)
• 14. Ron Paul (R)
• 15. Rubén Hinojosa (D)
• 16. Silvestre Reyes (D)
• 17. Chet Edwards (D)
• 18. Sheila Jackson-Lee (D)
• 19. Randy Neugebauer (R)
• 20. Charlie Gonzalez (D)
• 21. Lamar S. Smith (R)
• 22. Nick Lampson (D)
• 23. Ciro Rodriguez (D)
• 24. Kenny Marchant (R)
• 25. Lloyd Doggett (D)
• 26. Michael C. Burgess (R)
• 27. Solomon P. Ortiz (D)
• 28. Henry Cuellar (D)
• 29. Gene Green (D)
• 30. Eddie Bernice Johnson (D)
• 31. John Carter (R)
• 32. Pete Sessions (R)

Utah

(2–1 Republican)

• 1. Rob Bishop (R)
• 2. Jim Matheson (D)
• 3. Chris Cannon (R)

Vermont

(1 Democrat)

• At-large. Peter Welch (D)

Virginia

(8–3 Republican, then 7–3 Republican)

• 1. Jo Ann Davis (R), until October 6, 2007
  • Rob Wittman (R), from December 11, 2007
• 2. Thelma Drake (R)
• 3. Robert C. Scott (D)
• 4. Randy Forbes (R)
• 5. Virgil Goode (R)
• 6. Bob Goodlatte (R)
• 7. Eric Cantor (R)
• 8. Jim Moran (D)
• 9. Rick Boucher (D)
• 10. Frank Wolf (R)
• 11. Thomas M. Davis (R), until November 24, 2008, vacant thereafter

Washington

(6–3 Democratic)

• 1. Jay Inslee (D)
• 2. Rick Larsen (D)
• 3. Brian Baird (D)
• 4. Doc Hastings (R)
• 5. Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R)
• 6. Norm Dicks (D)
• 7. Jim McDermott (D)
• 8. Dave Reichert (R)
• 9. Adam Smith (D)

West Virginia

(2–1 Democratic)

• 1. Alan Mollohan (D)
• 2. Shelley Moore Capito (R)
• 3. Nick Rahall (D)

Wisconsin

(5–3 Democratic)

• 1. Paul Ryan (R)
• 2. Tammy Baldwin (D)
• 3. Ron Kind (D)
• 4. Gwen Moore (D)
• 5. Jim Sensenbrenner (R)
• 6. Tom Petri (R)
• 7. Dave Obey (D)
• 8. Steve Kagen (D)

Wyoming

(1 Republican)

• At-large. Barbara Cubin (R)

Non-voting members

(4–1 Democratic)

• American Samoa. Eni Faleomavaega (D)
• District of Columbia. Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)
• Guam. Madeleine Bordallo (D)
• Puerto Rico. Luis G. Fortuño (Resident Commissioner) (R and PNP), until January 2, 2009, vacant thereafter
• Virgin Islands. Donna Christian-Christensen (D)

Initial percentage of members of the House of Representatives from each party by state at the opening of the 110th Congress in January 2007.

Percentage of members of the House of Representatives (as of May 13, 2008) from each party by state.

House Majority Leader
Steny Hoyer (D)

House Minority Leader
John Boehner (R)

House Majority Whip
Jim Clyburn (D)

House Minority Whip
Roy Blunt (R)

Changes in membership

See also: Special elections to the 110th United States Congress

Senate

There were two resignations and one death.

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
Wyoming (1)	Craig Thomas (R)	Died June 4, 2007	John Barrasso (R)	June 22, 2007
Mississippi (1)	Trent Lott (R)	Resigned December 18, 2007	Roger Wicker (R)	December 31, 2007
Illinois (3)	Barack Obama (D)	Resigned November 16, 2008 to focus on his transition as President-elect of the United States	Vacant until the next Congress

House of Representatives

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date successor seated
Georgia 10th	Charlie Norwood (R)	Died February 13, 2007. A special election was held June 19, 2007	Paul Broun (R)	July 17, 2007
California 37th	Juanita Millender-McDonald (D)	Died April 22, 2007 A special election was held August 21, 2007	Laura Richardson (D)	August 21, 2007
Massachusetts 5th	Marty Meehan (D)	Resigned July 1, 2007, to become Chancellor of University of Massachusetts Lowell. A special election was held October 16, 2007	Niki Tsongas (D)	October 16, 2007
Ohio 5th	Paul Gillmor (R)	Died September 5, 2007. A special election was held November 6, 2007	Bob Latta (R)	December 11, 2007
Virginia 1st	Jo Ann Davis (R)	Died October 6, 2007. A special election was held December 11, 2007	Rob Wittman (R)	December 11, 2007
Illinois 14th	Dennis Hastert (R)	Resigned November 26, 2007. A special election was held March 8, 2008	Bill Foster (D)	March 8, 2008
Indiana 7th	Julia Carson (D)	Died December 15, 2007. A special election was held March 11, 2008	André Carson (D)	March 11, 2008
Mississippi 1st	Roger Wicker (R)	Resigned December 31, 2007, when appointed U.S. Senator. A special election was held May 13, 2008	Travis Childers (D)	May 13, 2008
Louisiana 1st	Bobby Jindal (R)	Resigned January 14, 2008 to become Governor of Louisiana. A special election was held May 3, 2008	Steve Scalise (R)	May 3, 2008
Louisiana 6th	Richard Baker (R)	Resigned February 2, 2008 to become President of the Managed Funds Association. A special election was held May 3, 2008	Don Cazayoux (D)	May 3, 2008
California 12th	Tom Lantos (D)	Died February 11, 2008. A special election was held April 8, 2008	Jackie Speier (D)	April 8, 2008
Maryland 4th	Albert Wynn (D)	Resigned May 31, 2008, having lost re-nomination. A special election was held June 17, 2008	Donna Edwards (D)	June 17, 2008
Ohio 11th	Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D)	Died August 20, 2008. A special election was held November 18, 2008	Marcia Fudge (D)	November 18, 2008
Virginia 11th	Thomas M. Davis (R)	Resigned November 24, 2008 in advance of his retirement.	Vacant until the next Congress
Illinois 5th	Rahm Emanuel (D)	Resigned January 2, 2009 to become White House Chief of Staff
Puerto Rico	Luis Fortuño (R and PNP)	Resigned January 2, 2009 to become Governor of Puerto Rico

Employees

• Architect of the Capitol:
  • Alan M. Hantman, until February 2, 2007
  • Stephen T. Ayers (acting), thereafter
• Attending Physician of the United States Congress: John F. Eisold

Senate

• Chaplain: Barry C. Black
• Curator: Diane K. Skvarla
• Historian: Richard A. Baker
• Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin
• Secretary: Nancy Erickson
• Sergeant at Arms: Terrance W. Gainer
• Secretary for the Majority:
  • Martin P. Paone, until January 23, 2008
  • Lula J. Davis, elected January 23, 2008
• Secretary for the Minority: David J. Schiappa

House of Representatives

• Chaplain: Daniel P. Coughlin
• Chief Administrative Officer: Daniel P. Beard (February 15, 2007–End)
  • James M. Eagen, III (through February 15, 2007)
• Clerk:
  • Karen L. Haas, until February 15, 2007
  • Lorraine Miller, elected February 15, 2007
• Historian: Robert V. Remini
• Parliamentarian: John V. Sullivan
• Reading Clerks: Mary Kevin Niland, Susan Cole, Paul Hays (until April 30, 2007)
• Sergeant at Arms: Wilson Livingood
• Inspector General: James J. Cornell

See also: Rules of the House: "Other officers and officials"

See also

Prospective Speaker Nancy Pelosi and prospective House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer meet with President George W. Bush on November 9, 2006, after the election to this Congress

• United States elections, 2006 (elections leading to this Congress)
  • United States Senate elections, 2006
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 2006
• United States elections, 2008 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • United States presidential election, 2008
  • United States Senate elections, 2008
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 2008

Membership lists

• Members of the 110th United States Congress
• List of freshman class members of the 110th United States Congress

External links

• Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• House History from the U.S. House of Representatives
• Statistics & Lists from the U.S. Senate
• Congressional Directory: Main Page, Government Printing Office Online. Detailed listings of many aspects of previous memberships and sessions of Congress.
• Legislative information from THOMAS at the Library of Congress
• Name Pronunciation Guide to the 110th U.S. Congress from inogolo.com