1870s

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries: 18th century – 19th century – 20th century
Decades: 1840s 1850s 1860s – 1870s – 1880s 1890s 1900s
Years: 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
1870s-related
categories:		 Births – Deaths – By country
Establishments – Disestablishments

The 1870s continued the trends of the previous decade, as new empires, imperialism and militarism rose in Europe and Asia. The United States was recovering from the American Civil War. Germany unified in 1871 and began its Second Reich. Labor unions and strikes occurred worldwide in the later part of the decade, and continued until World War I. The Reconstruction era of the United States brought a legacy of bitterness and segregation that lasted until the 1960s.

Politics and wars

Wars

Franco-Prussian War

Colonization, decolonization and independence

Prominent political events

  • The German Empire and Alliance System emerged.
  • Racial and economic politics in America's Reconstruction were bitter, pessimistic, and sometimes violent.
  • The Gilded Age began in 1874, lasting until 1896.

Science and Technology

Photograph of Edison with his phonograph, taken by Mathew Brady in 1877

Environment

Popular culture

Literature and arts

  • Jules Verne (France) publishes Around The World in Eighty Days
  • Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, and Sisley organized the Société Anonyme Coopérative des Artistes Peintres, Sculpteurs, Graveurs ("Cooperative and Anonymous Association of Painters, Sculptors, and Engravers") for the purpose of exhibiting their artworks independently. Members of the association, which soon included Cézanne, Berthe Morisot, and Edgar Degas, were expected to forswear participation in the Salon. The organizers invited a number of other progressive artists to join them in their inaugural exhibition, including the slightly older Eugène Boudin, whose example had first persuaded Monet to take up plein air painting years before.[1] Another painter who greatly influenced Monet and his friends, Johan Jongkind, declined to participate, as did Manet. In total, thirty artists participated in their first exhibition, held in April 1874 at the studio of the photographer Nadar. The group soon became known as the Impressionists.
  • Jeanne Calment, born 1875, would eventually become the longest-living human being in recorded history. She lived until 1997, at the age of 122. She still holds the record as of 2015.

Fashion

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Main article: 1870s in fashion

People

World Leaders

Politics

See also

References

  1. ↑ Denvir (1990), p.32.
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