Administrative division of Congress Poland

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Administrative division of Congress Poland in 1830. This map represents the period 1816-1837 and is mostly valid for the period of up to 1844.
Administrative division of Congress Poland, 1907. This map represents the period 1893-1912, and is mostly valid for the most part for 1867-1914.
Historical map showing the administrative division of Congress Poland, 1831.
Historical map showing the Western governorates of the Russian Empire, 1902 (including those of Congress Poland).

The administrative division of Congress Poland changed several times. Immediately after its creation, 1815-1816, the Congress Kingdom of Poland was divided into departments, a relic from the times of the French-dominated Duchy of Warsaw. In 1816 the administrative divisions were reformed into the more traditionally Polish voivodeships, obwóds and powiats. In 1837, in the aftermath of the November Uprising earlier that decade, the administrative division was reformed once again, bringing Congress Poland closer to the structure of the Russian Empire, with the introduction of guberniyas (governorate, Polish spelling gubernia), gradually transforming Congress Poland into the "Vistulan Country". Over the next several decades, various smaller reforms were carried out, either changing the smaller administrative units or merging/splitting various guberniyas.

1816

On January 16, 1816 the administrative division was reformed from the departments of the Duchy of Warsaw into the more traditionally Polish voivodeships, obwóds and powiats.

There were 8 voivodeships:

1837

On 7 March 1837 the Congress Poland voivodeships were renamed as 8 guberniyas (governorates):

1842

In 1842 powiats were renamed okręgs, and obwóds were renamed powiats.

1844

In 1844 several governorates were merged with others, and some others renamed. 5 governorates remained:

Governorate Name in Russian Name in Polish Seat
Warsaw Governorate Варшавская губерния Gubernia warszawska Warsaw
Augustów Governorate Августовская губерния Gubernia augustowska Suwałki
Lublin Governorate Люблинская губерния Gubernia lubelska Lublin
Płock Governorate Плоцкая губерния Gubernia płocka Płock
Radom Governorate Радомская губерния Gubernia radomska Radom

1867

The 1867 reform, initiated after the failure of the January Uprising, was designed to tie the Congress Kingdom (now de facto the Vistulan Country) more tightly to the administration structure of the Russian Empire. It divided larger governorates into smaller ones. A new lower level entity, gmina, was introduced. This time 10 governorates were formed:

Governorate Name in Russian Name in Polish Seat
Warsaw Governorate Варшавская губерния Gubernia warszawska Warszawa
Kalisz Governorate Калишская губерния Gubernia kaliska Kalisz
Kielce Governorate Келецкая губерния Gubernia kielecka Kielce
Łomża Governorate Ломжинская губерния Gubernia łomżyńska Łomża
Lublin Governorate Люблинская губерния Gubernia lubelska Lublin
Piotrków Governorate Петроковская губерния Gubernia piotrkowska Piotrków
Płock Governorate Плоцкая губерния Gubernia płocka Płock
Radom Governorate Радомская губерния Gubernia radomska Radom
Siedlce Governorate Седлецкая губерния Gubernia siedlecka Siedlce
Suwalki Governorate Сувалкская губерния Gubernia suwalska Suwałki

1893

A minor reform of 1893 transferred some territory from the Plotsk and Lomzha Governorates to Warsaw Governorate.

Governorate Name in Russian Name in Polish Seat Area,
in thousands of km2		 Population,
in thousands,(1905)
Warsaw Governorate Варшавская губерния Gubernia warszawska Warszawa 17,6 2233
Kalisz Governorate Калишская губерния Gubernia kaliska Kalisz 11,3 964
Kielce Governorate Келецкая губерния Gubernia kielecka Kielce 10,2 899
Łomża Governorate Ломжинская губерния Gubernia lubelska Łomża 10,6 645
Lublin Governorate Люблинская губерния Gubernia łomżyńska Lublin 16,9 1341
Piotrków Governorate Петроковская губерния Gubernia piotrkowska Piotrków 12,2 1640
Płock Governorate Плоцкая губерния Gubernia płocka Płock 9,4 613
Radom Governorate Радомская губерния Gubernia radomska Radom 12,4 917
Siedlce Governorate Седлецкая губерния Gubernia siedlecka Siedlce 14,3 894
Suwalki Governorate Сувалкская губерния Gubernia suwalska Suwałki 12,4 629

1912

File:Gubernia chełmska.png
Chełm Governorate (pink)

The 1912 reform created a new governorate - Kholm Governorate - from parts of the Sedlets and Lublin Governorates. However this was split off from the Vistulan Country and made part of the Southwestern Krai of the Russian Empire.

External links

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