Ariarathes I of Cappadocia

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Ariarathes I (Ancient Greek: Ἀριαράθης Ariaráthēs; died 322 BC) was the satrap of the Satrapy of Cappadocia under the Achaemenid Empire from 350 BC to 331 BC, and the King of Cappadocia from 331 BC until his death in 322 BC. He was the son of the Cappadocian satrap Ariamnes I. Ariarathes was distinguished (Φιλάδελφος, Philádelphos) for his love of his brother Holophernes, whom he sent to assist his overlord king Artaxerxes III in the recovery of Egypt, in 350 BC. Then he devotedly supported Darius III. Alexander the Great conquered Cappadocia during his route and installed a governor there (though two different names of this governor are given). Nevertheless, by the time of Alexander's death Ariarathes somehow assumed power as the first king of Cappadocians and even expanded the kingdom by subduing Cataonia. After the death of Alexander, 323 BC, Perdiccas appointed Eumenes governor of Cappadocia; but upon Ariarathes refusing to submit to Eumenes, Perdiccas made war upon him. Ariarathes was defeated, taken prisoner, and crucified, together with many of his relations, 322 BC. Eumenes then obtained possession of Cappadocia. Ariarathes was 82 years of age at the time of his death: he had adopted as his son Ariarathes II, the eldest son of his brother Holophernes.[1]:{{{3}}}

Notes

  1. Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca, xviii. 16, xxxi. 3; Photius, Bibliotheca, cod. 92; Appian, "The Mithridatic Wars", 8; Lucian, Macrobioi, 13; Plutarch, Parallel Lives, "Eumenes", 3;Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, xiii. 6

References

  • Hazel, John; Who's Who in the Greek World, "Ariarathes II", (1999)
  • Head, Barclay; Historia Numorum, "Cappadocia", (1911)
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Political offices
Preceded by Satrap of Cappadocia
350 BC – 331 BC
Succeeded by
Himself
as King of Cappadocia
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Himself
as Satrap of Cappadocia
King of Cappadocia
331 BC – 322 BC
Vacant
Title next held by
Ariarathes II