Astroblepus
| Naked sucker-mouth catfish | |
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| File:Astroblepus sabalo.jpg | |
| Astroblepus sabalo | |
| Scientific classification | |
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Astroblepidae
Bleeker, 1862
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| Genus: |
Astroblepus
Humboldt, 1805
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| Type species | |
| Astroblepus grixalvii Humboldt, 1805
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Astroblepus is a genus of catfish. It is the sole genus in the family Astroblepidae, the most species-rich family of a single genus.[1] These fish are known as the naked sucker-mouth catfishes or the climbing catfishes.[1]
Species
There are currently 70 recognized species in this genus:
- Astroblepus acostai Ardila Rodríguez, 2011 [2]
- Astroblepus ardilai Ardila Rodríguez, 2012 [3]
- Astroblepus boulengeri Regan, 1904
- Astroblepus brachycephalus Günther, 1859
- Astroblepus cacharas Ardila Rodríguez, 2011 [4]
- Astroblepus cajamarcaensis Ardila Rodríguez, 2013 [5]
- Astroblepus caquetae Fowler, 1943
- Astroblepus chapmani C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
- Astroblepus chimborazoi Fowler, 1915
- Astroblepus chinchaoensis Ardila Rodríguez, 2014 [6]
- Astroblepus chotae Regan, 1904
- Astroblepus cirratus Regan, 1912
- Astroblepus cyclopus Humboldt, 1805
- Astroblepus eigenmanni Regan, 1904
- Astroblepus festae Boulenger, 1898
- Astroblepus fissidens Regan, 1904
- Astroblepus floridaensis Ardila Rodríguez, 2013 [5]
- Astroblepus formosus Fowler, 1945
- Astroblepus frenatus C. H. Eigenmann, 1918
- Astroblepus grixalvii Humboldt, 1805
- Astroblepus guentheri Boulenger, 1887
- Astroblepus heterodon Regan, 1908
- Astroblepus hidalgoi Ardila Rodríguez, 2013 [5]
- Astroblepus homodon Regan, 1904
- Astroblepus huallagaensis Ardila Rodríguez, 2013 [5]
- Astroblepus itae Ardila Rodríguez, 2011 [2]
- Astroblepus jimenezae Ardila Rodríguez, 2013 [7]
- Astroblepus jurubidae Fowler, 1944
- Astroblepus labialis N. E. Pearson, 1937
- Astroblepus latidens C. H. Eigenmann, 1918
- Astroblepus longiceps N. E. Pearson, 1924
- Astroblepus longifilis Steindachner, 1882
- Astroblepus mancoi C. H. Eigenmann, 1928
- Astroblepus mariae Fowler, 1919
- Astroblepus marmoratus Regan, 1904
- Astroblepus martinezi Ardila Rodríguez, 2013 [7]
- Astroblepus mendezi Ardila Rodríguez, 2014 [8]
- Astroblepus micrescens C. H. Eigenmann, 1918
- Astroblepus mindoense Regan, 1916
- Astroblepus moyanensis Ardila Rodríguez, 2014 [6]
- Astroblepus nicefori G. S. Myers, 1932
- Astroblepus orientalis Boulenger, 1903
- Astroblepus ortegai Ardila Rodríguez, 2012 [9]
- Astroblepus peruanus Steindachner, 1877
- Astroblepus phelpsi L. P. Schultz, 1944
- Astroblepus pholeter Collette, 1962
- Astroblepus pirrensis Meek & Hildebrand, 1913
- Astroblepus praeliorum W. R. Allen, 1942
- Astroblepus prenadillus Valenciennes, 1840
- Astroblepus quispei Ardila Rodríguez, 2012 [9]
- Astroblepus regani Pellegrin, 1909
- Astroblepus rengifoi Dahl, 1960
- Astroblepus retropinnus Regan, 1908
- Astroblepus riberae Cardona & Guerao, 1994
- Astroblepus rosei C. H. Eigenmann, 1922
- Astroblepus sabalo Valenciennes, 1840
- Astroblepus santanderensis C. H. Eigenmann, 1918
- Astroblepus simonsii Regan, 1904
- Astroblepus stuebeli Wandolleck, 1916
- Astroblepus supramollis N. E. Pearson, 1937
- Astroblepus taczanowskii Boulenger, 1890
- Astroblepus tamboensis Ardila Rodríguez, 2014 [6]
- Astroblepus theresiae Steindachner, 1907
- Astroblepus trifasciatus C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
- Astroblepus ubidiai Pellegrin, 1931
- Astroblepus unifasciatus C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
- Astroblepus vaillanti Regan, 1904
- Astroblepus vanceae C. H. Eigenmann, 1913
- Astroblepus ventralis C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
- Astroblepus whymperi Boulenger, 1890
Distribution and habitat
These catfishes are primarily found in torrential streams in the Andean area of South America and Panama.[1] Two species, A. pholeter and A. riberae, are troglobites adapted to living in subterranean water systems.[10]
Description
Astroblepus catfishes are typically small, less than 15 cm (6 in).[11] The largest species reaches 30 cm (12 in).[1] These fish have suckermouths like those of loricariids. They have two pairs of barbels, maxillary and nasal. The dorsal fin spine lacks a locking mechanism.[1] These fish also have odontodes, tiny teeth on their skin. All species exhibit a conical, pointy type on their fin rays like that found in other loricarioids; three species also exhibit a blunt type that is only found on their skin.[11]
Ecology
Some of these fish are able to live at up to 3500 m altitude and climb the faces of waterfalls.[1] Their climbing ability comes from specially developed pelvic fins, as well as their suckermouths.[11] In their neotropical Andean habitat, dry and wet seasons are quite extreme, and odontodes may help in sensing food, mates, and water flow, as well as help cling to surfaces.[11] They feed upon invertebrates, such as caterpillars and annelids.[11]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ardila Rodriguez, C.A. (2011): Astroblepus itae, Astroblepus acostai. Dos nuevas especies del Río Cáchira y Río Sinú, Colombia. Universidad Metropolitana, Departmento del Atlántico. Barranquilla. 16 pp.
- ↑ Ardila Rodriguez, C.A. (2012): Astroblepus ardilai sp. nov. Una nuevas especie de pez del los Andes del Municipio de Floridablanca, Departamento de Norte de Santander – Colombia. Peces del Departamento de Santander – Colombia. No. 5. 21 pp.
- ↑ Ardila Rodriguez, C.A. (2011): Astroblepus cacharas (Siluriformes, Astroblepidae), nueva especie del rio Cáchira, cuenca del rio Magdalena, Colombia. Dahlia, 11: 23-33.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2013): Astroblepus hidalgoi – A. floridaensis – A. huallagaensis y A. cajamarcaensis: Cuatro nuevas especies de los Andes del Peru. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 22pp.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2014): Astroblepus tamboensis – A. chinchaoensis y A. moyanensis: Tres nuevas especies de los Andes del Peru. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 22pp.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2013): Astroblepus martinezi y Astroblepus jimenezae: Dos nuevas especies del Río Sinú y Río Atrato, Colombia. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 20pp.
- ↑ Ardila Rodríguez, C.A. (2014): Astroblepus mendezi sp. nov. una nueva especie de pez de Panamá. Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla. Barranquilla, Colombia. 17pp.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Ardila Rodriguez, C.A. (2012): Astroblepus ortegai y Astroblepus quispei. Dos nuevas especies des los Andes del Perú. Universidad Metropolitana, Departmento del Atlántico. Barranquilla. 16 pp.
- ↑ Romero, A. (2001): The Biology of Hypogean Fishes. Developments in Environmental Biology of Fishes. ISBN 978-1402000768
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
