By-elections to the 1st Canadian Parliament

By-elections to the 1st Canadian Parliament were held to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons between the 1867 federal election and the 1872 federal election. The Conservative Party of Canada led a majority government for the 1st Canadian Parliament.

The list includes Ministerial by-elections which occurred due to the requirement that Members of Parliament recontest their seats upon being appointed to Cabinet. These by-elections were almost always uncontested. This requirement was abolished in 1931.

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Yale District	December 19, 1871	New seat			Charles Frederick Houghton		Liberal	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.	NA
Cariboo	December 19, 1871	New seat			Joshua Spencer Thompson		Liberal-Conservative	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.	NA
Vancouver Island	December 15, 1871	New seat			Robert Wallace		Conservative	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.	NA
New Westminster	December 13, 1871	New seat			Hugh Nelson		Liberal-Conservative	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.	NA
Victoria	November 24, 1871	New seat			Henry Nathan, Jr. and Amor De Cosmos		Liberal	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation. Two MPs elected	NA
Brome	November 17, 1871	Christopher Dunkin		Conservative	Edward Carter		Conservative	Appointed to the Superior Court of Quebec	Yes
Compton	November 11, 1871	John Henry Pope		Conservative	John Henry Pope		Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Agriculture	Yes
Montcalm	September 15, 1871	Joseph Dufresne		Conservative	Firmin Dugas		Conservative	Appointed Sheriff of the County of St. John	Yes
Algoma	June 30, 1871	Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson		Conservative	Frederick William Cumberland		Conservative	Appointed Indian Commissioner for the North	Yes
Hastings East	March 20, 1871	Robert Read		Conservative	John White		Conservative	Called to the Senate	Yes
Provencher	March 3, 1871	New seat			Pierre Delorme		Conservative	New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.	NA
Selkirk	March 2, 1871	New seat			Donald Alexander Smith		Independent Conservative	New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.	NA
Lisgar	March 2, 1871	New seat			John Christian Schultz		Conservative	New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.	NA
Marquette	March 2, 1871	New seat			James S. Lynch and Angus McKay		Liberal and Conservative	New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation. Two MPs elected due to a tie.	NA
Restigouche	November 29, 1870	William Murray Caldwell		Liberal	George Moffat, Sr.		Conservative	Appointed Inspector of Post Offices in New Brunswick	No
Richelieu	November 18, 1870	Thomas McCarthy		Conservative	Georges Isidore Barthe		Independent Conservative	Death	No
Colchester	November 8, 1870	Adams George Archibald		Liberal-Conservative	Frederick M. Pearson		Liberal	Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba and the North-West Territories	No
St. Hyacinthe	September 1, 1870	Alexandre-Édouard Kierzkowski		Liberal	Louis Delorme		Liberal	Death	Yes
Bellechasse	August 15, 1870	Louis-Napoléon Casault		Conservative	Télesphore Fournier		Liberal	Appointed to Superior Court of Quebec	No
Quebec East	July 18, 1870	Pierre-Gabriel Huot		Liberal	Adolphe Guillet dit Tourangeau		Conservative	Appointed Postmaster at Quebec	No
Missisquoi	July 5, 1870	Brown Chamberlin		Conservative	George Barnard Baker		Liberal-Conservative	Appointed Queen's Printer	Yes
Kings	June 23, 1870	William Henry Chipman		Anti-Confederate	Leverett de Veber Chipman		Liberal	Death	No
Cumberland	June 15, 1870	Charles Tupper		Conservative	Charles Tupper		Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as President of the Privy Council	Yes
Frontenac	April 27, 1870	Thomas Kirkpatrick		Conservative	George Airey Kirkpatrick		Conservative	Death	Yes
Brome	November 29, 1869	Christopher Dunkin		Conservative	Christopher Dunkin		Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Agriculture	Yes
Lanark South	November 29, 1869	Alexander Morris		Conservative	Alexander Morris		Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue	Yes
Renfrew South	November 29, 1869	Daniel McLachlin		Liberal	John Lorn McDougall		Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Renfrew North	November 13, 1869	John Rankin		Liberal-Conservative	Francis Hincks		Conservative	Resignation to provide a seat for Hincks	Yes
Huntingdon	October 30, 1869	John Rose		Liberal-Conservative	Julius Scriver		Liberal	Resignation to move to London where he acted as the Prime Minister's unofficial representative to the UK.	No
Colchester	September 9, 1869	Archibald McLelan		Anti-Confederate	Adams George Archibald		Liberal-Conservative	Called to the Senate	No
L'Islet	July 14, 1869	Barthélemy Pouliot		Conservative	Barthélemy Pouliot		Conservative	Election annulled	Yes
Wellington Centre	July 12, 1869	Thomas Sutherland Parker		Liberal	James Ross		Liberal	Death	Yes
Hants	April 24, 1869	Joseph Howe		Anti-Confederate	Joseph Howe		Liberal-Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as President of the Privy Council	No
Yarmouth	April 20, 1869	Thomas Killam		Anti-Confederate	Frank Killam		Liberal	Death	No
Richmond	April 20, 1869	William Joseph Croke		Anti-Confederate	Isaac LeVesconte		Conservative	Death	No
Kamouraska	February 17, 1869	Vacant			Charles Alphonse Pantaléon Pelletier		Liberal	No election held in 1867 due to riots	NA
Northumberland	December 24, 1868	John Mercer Johnson		Liberal	Richard Hutchison		Liberal	Death	Yes
Saint Maurice	October 30, 1868	Louis-Léon Lesieur Desaulniers		Conservative	Élie Lacerte		Conservative	Appointed inspector of prisons and asylums in Quebec	Yes
York	October 28, 1868	Charles Fisher		Liberal	John Pickard		Independent Liberal	Appointed to New Brunswick Supreme Court	No
Three Rivers	October 17, 1868	Louis-Charles Boucher de Niverville		Conservative	William McDougall		Conservative	Appointed sheriff for the district of Trois-Rivières	Yes
York West	August 14, 1868	William Pearce Howland		Liberal-Conservative	Amos Wright		Liberal	Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario	No
Montreal West	April 20, 1868	Thomas D'Arcy McGee		Liberal-Conservative	Michael Patrick Ryan		Liberal-Conservative	Death (assassinated)	Yes
Lincoln	April 13, 1868	James Rea Benson		Liberal-Conservative	Thomas Rodman Merritt		Liberal	Called to the Senate	No
Restigouche	March 13, 1868	John McMillan		Liberal	William Murray Caldwell		Liberal	Appointed Inspector of Post Offices in New Brunswick	Yes
Montmorency	December 11, 1867	Joseph Cauchon		Conservative	Jean Langlois		Conservative	Called to the Senate	Yes
Huntingdon	November 28, 1867	John Rose		Liberal-Conservative	John Rose		Liberal-Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Finance	Yes

See also

• List of federal by-elections in Canada

Sources

• Parliament of Canada–Elected in By-Elections