Deux-Montagnes line

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Deux-Montagnes Line
250px
Line portion between Canora and Mont-Royal
Overview
Type Commuter rail
System Agence métropolitaine de transport
Locale Greater Montreal
Termini Central Station
Deux-Montagnes
Stations 12
Ridership 7,675,000 (2014)
Operation
Opened 1918
Operator(s) CN's Montrain division
Technical
Line length 29.9 km (18.6 mi)[1]
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Route map
250px
[ ]
Deux-Montagnes Line
Deux-Montagnes
Grand-Moulin
originally Deux-Montagnes
Rivière des Mille-Îles
Zone 5
Zone 3
Laval-sur-le-Lac
Laval-Links
Des Prairies siding
Sainte-Dorothée
Rivière des Prairies
Île-Bigras
Rivière des Prairies
Zone 3
Zone 2
Ste-Genevieve
Roxboro-Pierrefonds
originally Roxboro
A-ma-Baie
Sunnybrooke
Cartierville
Bois-Franc
originally Lazard, then Val-Royal
Monkland
Du Ruisseau
Zone 2
Zone 1
Montpellier
originally Vertu
16px Mascouche line
A-40
Mont-Royal
Canora
originally Portal Heights
16px Saint-Jérôme line
Mount Royal Tunnel
Central StationMontreal Metro.svg Bonaventure
16px Mont-Saint-Hilaire line VIA Rail Canada simplified.svg Amtrak

The Deux-Montagnes line is a commuter railway line in Greater Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is owned by the Agence métropolitaine de transport (AMT), the umbrella organization that plans, integrates, and coordinates public transport services across this region.

The line was created in 1918 as a Canadian Northern Railway (CNoR) service. Canadian National Railway (CN) ran the line starting in 1923 following the merger of CNoR into CN. CN transferred the Deux-Montagnes Line to the Société de transport de la communauté urbaine de Montréal (STCUM) on July 1, 1982. The line was refurbished from 1992 to 1995. It was transferred to the AMT on January 1, 1996.

There are 25 inbound and 24 outbound departures each weekday.[1]

Overview

This line links Central Station in downtown Montreal with Deux-Montagnes to the northwest of the Island of Montreal.

The line offers frequent service during rush hours (10–30 minute intervals) and hourly service outside rush hours on weekdays. There is less frequent service on Saturdays and Sundays.[2]

The trains are owned and managed by the Agence métropolitaine de transport and are operated by Canadian National's Montrain division.

Deux-Montagnes, Roxboro-Pierrefonds, and Central Station are wheelchair-accessible.[3]

Today, more than 31,000 people ride this train daily, having almost as many passengers as Montreal’s four other commuter railway lines combined.

On April 22, 2016, it was announced that the Deux-Montagnes line would be converted from commuter rail to automated electric rapid transit in 2020, as part of the Réseau électrique métropolitain network.

History

Electric Boxcab locomotive used on the Deux-Montagnes from 1918 to 1995.

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Further information: Mount Royal Tunnel

The Deux-Montagnes line was built by the Canadian Northern Railway. While other railways including Canadian Pacific and Grand Trunk Railway already had prime downtown locations for their terminal stations, Canadian Northern did not, having only a station out of the way on Moreau Street in Hochelaga.

In 1910, it was decided that the best way for Canadian Northern to get downtown was to drill their way downtown — through Mont Royal. The construction started at both ends and met half way through with only an inch difference. In 1918 the electrified (2400 V DC catenary), double-track 3.2 mi (5.15 km) tunnel was dubbed Montreal’s first subway. Because the tunnel is on a steep grade and inadequately ventilated[4][5] it was decided from the very beginning that the locomotives would be electric. The ventilation shaft is located SW of the intersection of Édouard-Montpetit Boulevard and Vincent-d'Indy Avenue very close to the Édouard-Montpetit Metro Station.[6][7]

The structure gauge of the Mount Royal Tunnel limits the height of bilevel cars to 14 ft 6 in or 4.42 m.[8]

In order to finance the project, Canadian Northern built a ‘model city’ north of the tunnel, modeled after Washington, D.C. The Town of Mount-Royal has grown to be an upper-income neighborhood today. Construction began in 1912 and finished in 1918. The first train was pulled by electric locomotive #601 (retired as #6711), which left Tunnel Terminal at 8:30 a.m. on October 21, 1918. The Canadian Northern Railway went bankrupt and was absorbed into what is now Canadian National. Tunnel Terminal was replaced by Central Station in 1943.[citation needed] CN added electric multiple units from Canadian Car and Foundry in 1952.[9]

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Map of 1927 of the Île de Montréal with the position of the tunnel under Mount Royal shown by dashes on the yellow line. The red line shows a proposed, but never completed, access to Central Station. This is the Doney spur[10]

In the 1960s, the first plans were announced to renovate the line, whose equipment was 40 years old at the time. First, it was to become metro line 3, but plans were shelved because of the importance to build line 4 for service to Expo 67. With the equipment ageing, and ridership declining, CN wanted to close the line in the 1970s, but their proposals were rejected. The Quebec Ministry of Transport considered using the line for a high-speed connection to Mirabel Airport (Transport rapide régional aéroportuaire Montréal Mirabel, 1974) or as the first line of a BART-style regional metro system (Réseau express de Montréal, 1977; Métro régional, 1979). None of these projects progressed beyond the planning stage.

In 1982, the fares for the trains were integrated with the fares for the Metro and buses. The fare was two bus tickets. This was later reduced to one from Central Station to Val-Royal (now Bois-Franc).

In 1992, the government of Quebec announced a modernisation plan for the line which would include 58 state-of-the-art 25 kV AC MR-90 electric multiple-unit trains built by Bombardier Transportation, new tracks, and centralised traffic control. Service was shut down completely in the summers of 1993, 1994 and 1995 to allow for major work to be done. The last of the old rolling stock left Central Station at 6:30 p.m. on June 2, 1995 – 76 years, 8 months, 11 days, and ten hours after it first went into service. The same locomotive, #6711 (with #6710 (pictured)), hauled the last train through the tunnel.

Future projects

To ease overcrowding and attract new users on the Deux-Montagnes Line, the AMT plans to carry out several projects:

  • Extend the double track from its current endpoint at the Bois-Franc station to the Roxboro-Pierrefonds station in Pierrefonds-Roxboro. Work includes doubling the track over 7.5 km parallel to the existing track, rebuilding a small bridge, building a new overpass over the bike path through Bois-de-Liesse park, reconfiguring three level crossings, and adding a second platform at Sunnybrooke station. Construction should begin in 2013 and be complete by 2015. Preliminary costs are estimated at $51 million.[11][12]
    • Currently, there is a second track from Bois-Franc to slightly past Saraguay (about half way between Bois-Franc and Sunnybrooke at the A13), but it is not electrified and is used by CN freight trains serving industries along Doney spur.[10]
  • Open a new train station at Autoroute 13 near boulevard Gouin (between Bois-Franc and Sunnybrooke stations). The project is subject to an increase on the line's capacity, pushing its commissioning date to 2015 or later.

Under the Réseau électrique métropolitain proposal, the Deux-Montagnes line would be converted to rapid transit operation and be extended past Downtown and over the St-Lawrence to Brossard; two southwest branches would also be added, to Trudeau Airport and to Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue.[13]

Current status

  • CN built a railway overpass to route its Saint-Laurent subdivision over the commuter train line just south of Montpellier station. The overpass was a prerequisite for increasing commuter train frequencies on the Deux-Montagnes line as well as the commissioning of the Mascouche Line. The $60 million project was begun in 2010 and was completed by the end of 2013, when the new line also was commissioned.[14]
  • On February 28, 2014, the AMT announced that it had purchased the Deux-Montagnes line from CN for a sum of $92 million. The agreement gives CN trackage rights for freight trains outside two rush-hour exclusive time windows (08:30—15:30 — 20:30–05:30).[15] This gives the AMT complete flexibility for scheduling trains and allows it to save rent money in the long term.

List of stations

The following stations are on the Deux-Montagnes line:

Station Location Connections
Central Station Ville-Marie, Montreal Via Rail, Amtrak, and Downtown Terminus (Terminus RTL). Bonaventure metro station, Société de transport de Montréal (STM) 150, 355, 358, 410, 430, 435 (Express), 715, 747 (Express), 935 (within walking distance along René Lévesque Boulevard), 36, 61, 168, 420 (On University Street), 74 (On rue de la Gauchetière), 107 (on Peel Street).[16]
Canora Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce, Montreal STM 92 on Jean Talon Street, 160 (less than 200 metres or 220 yards south at Wilderton Ave. / Bates Rd. east bound & Wilderton Ave. / Barclay St. west bound[17] ), 372 on Jean Talon Street.
Mont-Royal Mount Royal STM 16, 119, 165, 435.
Montpellier Saint-Laurent, Montreal STM 121, 128, 171, 378, 380.
Du Ruisseau border of Saint-Laurent and Ahuntsic-Cartierville, Montreal STM 117, 135. STL (Laval) 55
Bois-Franc Saint-Laurent, Montreal STM 64, 126, 164, 170, 215, 382, 468 (Express). STL Routes 55, 144, 151. former AMT, now STL, Express route 902.
Proposed station under A13 Pierrefonds-Roxboro, Montreal STM 68, 468 (Express) on Gouin Boulevard in Pierrefonds-Roxboro
Sunnybrooke Pierrefonds-Roxboro, Montreal STM 68, 213, 382 on Gouin Boulevard in Pierrefonds-Roxboro, 468 (Express), STM 208 on the other side of the track on rue Cérès in Dollard-des-Ormeaux and STM 356 on Sunnybrooke Boulevard
Roxboro-Pierrefonds Pierrefonds-Roxboro, Montreal STM 68, 205, 206, 208, 209, 213, 407 (Express),[18] 382, 468 (Express).
Île-Bigras Île Bigras, Îles Laval, Laval STL No buses.
Sainte-Dorothée Sainte-Dorothée, Laval STL Routes 26, 76, 402, 404, 903.[19][20]
Grand-Moulin Deux-Montagnes CIT Laurentides[21] 93
Deux-Montagnes CIT Laurentides Routes 80, 81, 89, 90, 92, 93

As of January 9, 2012 many bus line number have changed.[22]

The Deux-Montagnes line uses the former CN Deux-Montagnes Subdivision between mile 0.8 (Central Station) and 19.4 (Deux-Montagnes). The AMT now owns it.[15]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lève-personne pour la clientèle en fauteuil roulant maintenant en service à la gare Deux-Montagnes
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Montreal Gazette[dead link]
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Maps
  17. ↑ Map
  18. ↑ 265(TB) renamed 407
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ STL 2011 map
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Will your bus line number change ?

External links

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