Gram-negative bacterial infection

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Gram-negative bacterial infection
Gram negative cell wall.svg
Gram negative cell wall
Classification and external resources
Specialty Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 446: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Patient UK Gram-negative bacterial infection
MeSH D016905
[[[d:Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 863: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|edit on Wikidata]]]

Gram-negative bacterial infection refers to a disease caused by gram-negative bacteria. One example is E. coli.[1]

It is important to recognize that this class is defined morphologically (by the presence of a bacterial outer membrane), and not histologically (by a pink appearance when stained), though the two usually coincide.

One reason for this division is that the outer membrane is of major clinical significance: it can play a role in the reduced effectiveness of certain antibiotics,[2] and it is the source of endotoxin.[3]

The gram status of some organisms is complex or disputed:

  • Mycoplasma are sometimes considered gram negative,[4][5] but because of its lack of a cell wall and unusual membrane composition, it is sometimes considered separately from other gram-negative bacteria.[6]
  • Gardnerella is often considered gram negative,[7] but it is classified in MeSH as both gram positive and gram negative.[8] It has some traits of gram positive bacteria,[9] but has a gram negative appearance.[10] It has been described as a "gram-variable rod".[11][12]

References

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  4. Mycoplasma at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
  5. "mycoplasma" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
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  7. "Gardnerella" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  8. Gardnerella at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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