Healthcare in Pakistan
Healthcare in Pakistan is administered mainly in the private sector which accounts for approximately 80% of all outpatient visits. The public sector was until recently led by the Ministry of Health, however the Ministry was abolished in June 2011 and all health responsibilities (mainly planning and fund allocation) were devolved to provincial Health Departments which had until now been the main implementers of public sector health programs. Like other South Asian countries, health and sanitation infrastructure is adequate in urban areas but is generally poor in rural areas.
Pakistan's healthcare system has both public and private options. There are government-run hospitals which are low-cost and offer basic medical treatment, and expensive private medical facilities.[1] A pilot universal health care program is underway in Punjab, with the eventual aim of covering 10 million people.[2]
Ministry of Health of Pakistan states that health expenditure of period 2007-08 was 3.791 billion Pakistani rupees while that spent on development was 14.272 billion.[3]
Contents
Cancer care
Cancer information on Pakistan [4] Approximately one in every 9 Pakistani women is likely to suffer from breast cancer which is one of the highest incidence rates in Asia.[5]
Major cancer centers in Pakistan include the Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital & Research Center in Lahore, Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi and the National Institute of Blood Diseases (NIBD) in Karachi.
Obesity
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Malnutrition
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Smoking
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Drug addiction
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Suicide
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Cancer
Among Asian countries, Pakistan has the highest rates of breast and ovarian cancer. The genetic findings show that BRCA mutation (BRCA1 and BRCA2) mutations account for a substantial proportion of hereditary breast/ovarian cancer and early-onset breast and ovarian cancer cases in Pakistan.[6] Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Pakistan as different studies show it kills nearly 40,000 women every year. According to World Health Organization (WHO), breast cancer rates are getting worse and it is not sparing even younger age group.[7]
Resources
| Doctors (2009) | 139,555 |
| Dentists (2009) | 9,822 |
| Nurses (2009) | 69,313 |
| Midwives (2009) | 26,225 |
| Health visitors (2009) | 10,731 |
| Registered vets (2009) | 4,800 |
| Total Health Facilities | 13,937 | 103,708 beds |
| Hospitals | 968 | 84,257 beds |
| Dispensaries | 4,813 | 2,845 beds |
| Rural health centers | 572 | 9,612 beds |
| Tuberculosis clinic | 293 | 184 beds |
| Basic health units | 5,345 | 6,555 beds |
| M.C.H. centers | 906 | 256 beds |
Personnel
According to official data, there are 127,859 doctors and 12,804 health facilities in the country to cater for over 170 million people.[8]
Many Pakistani doctors and medical professionals choose to migrate to other countries, contributing to a brain drain and chronic skills shortage in the country. In the United States alone, there are over 17,000 doctors of Pakistani origin.[9] Pakistan is the fourth highest source of International medical graduate doctors in the U.S[10] as well as the fourth highest source of foreign dentists licensed in the United States.[11]
Facilities
Professional institutes
As of 2007, there were 48 medical colleges and 21 dental colleges in the country.[3]
- List of schools of medicine in Pakistan
- List of schools of dentistry in Pakistan
- List of schools of pharmacy in Pakistan
- List of schools of nursing in Pakistan
- List of schools of veterinary medicine in Pakistan
Services
Nursing
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According to Dr.Shaikh Tanveer Ahmed Nursing is a major component of health care in Pakistan. The topic has been the subject of extensive historical studies,[12] is as of 2009[update] a major issue in that country,[13] and has been the subject of much scholarly discussion amongst academics and practitioners.[14] In 2009, Pakistan’s government stated its intent to improve the country's nursing care.[15]
Dentistry
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At present there are upwards of 70 dental schools (public and private) throughout Pakistan, according to the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council the state regulatory body has upwards of 11500 registered dentists. The four-year training culminates in achieving a Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) degree, which requires a further one year compulsory internship to be a registered dentist in Pakistan.
Pharmacy
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Medical tourism
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Veterinary medicine
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Community medicine
Pakistan is committed to the goal of making its population healthier, as evidenced by the continuing strong support for the Social Action Program (SAP) and by the new vision for health, nutrition, and population outlined in the National Health Policy Guidelines published by the government.
- Lady health workers: A recent initiative, lady health worker, has turned out to be a promising community-based health worker program. These workers bring health information, some basic health care and family planning services to doorsteps of women. Presently, 96,000 women are serving as in this initiative in their home villages.[16]
Nuclear medicine
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See also
References
- ↑ http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204846304578090713421035962
- ↑ http://www.imtj.com/news/?entryid82=457499
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ [1] Cancer in Pakistan
- ↑ College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan Journal, Editorial 2007 http://www.cpsp.edu.pk/jcpsp/ARCHIEVE/JCPSP-2007/dec07/Editorial1.pdf
- ↑ Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Pakistani breast and ovarian cancer patients
- ↑ Pakistan has highest incidence of breast cancer in Asia
- ↑ http://southasia.oneworld.net/todaysheadlines/healthcare-in-pakistan-too-expensive-to-afford
- ↑ US should apologise to Pakistan, NATO pay reparations to soldiers: Congressman Kucinich
- ↑ IMGs by Country of Origin
- ↑ Foreign-trained dentists licensed in the United States Retrieved 08-07-2011
- ↑ History of Nursing in Pakistan search at Google. Accessed December 10, 2009.
- ↑ "Nursing in Pakistan" search at Google. Accessed December 10, 2009.
- ↑ "Nursing in Pakistan" search at Google Scholar. Accessed December 10, 2009.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ [2] National Programme for Family Planning & Primary Health Care (LHW Programme, MOH Pakistan)
Further reading
External links
- The State of the World's Midwifery - Pakistan Country Profile
- Ministry of Health
- Women's Health in Pakistan
- Pakistan Cancer Care Website
 Pakistan topics |
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