Jacqueline Audry
| Jacqueline Audry | |
|---|---|
| Born | September 25, 1908 Orange, Vaucluse, France |
| Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Poissy, Yvelines, France |
| Occupation | Film director |
| Years active | 1946–1973 |
Jacqueline Audry (September 25, 1908 – June 22, 1977) was a French film director who started making films in post-World War II France and specialised in literary adaptations.[1] She was the first commercially successful woman director of post-war France.[2]
Biography
Audry was born in Orange, Vaucluse, France.[3] There were few opportunities for female directors under Nazi occupation.[4] Audry worked as an assistant to directors Jean Delannoy, G. W. Pabst and Max Ophüls and in 1943, directed a short film of her own, Le Feu de paille, with the help of the Centre Artistique et Technique des Jeunes du Cinéma (now La Femis).[4][5] The end of World War II and the liberation of France provided increased opportunities for women, but they still faced prejudice in the film industry.[4]
Audry's first feature film was Les Malheurs de Sophie in 1946. This was based on the popular novel of the same name by the Comtesse de Ségur.[4] No copies of this film, which was censored for its "politically inappropriate" riot scenes, exist.[4] Unable to raise funds for her next film, she had to wait three years before making Sombre dimanche.[4] In the 1940s and 1950s, she directed three films based on Colette novels; Gigi, Minne and Mitsou, all three with actress Danièle Delorme. Mitsou, which featured sex outside of marriage, was heavily censored.[5]
In 1951, Audry directed Olivia, based on Dorothy Bussy's 1950 semi-autobiographical novel of the same name.[4] Set in an all-girls boarding school, Olivia depicts a lesbian love story between a schoolgirl and her headmistress.[6] At the time, the film was very controversial and was censored in the United States and the United Kingdom.[6] Edwige Feuillère was nominated for a BAFTA award for Best Foreign Actress for her part as Mlle. Julie, the headmistress.[7] The film has been called a "landmark of lesbian representation".[8] She frequently collaborated with her sister, the novelist and screenwriter Colette Audry.[9]
Audry's film style was traditional and at odds with the French New Wave.[5] Her films had a feminist slant however.[5] Many of them had central female characters and they often gave a radical view of gender roles and female sexuality.[2][5][10] Audry died at Poissy, Yvelines, France, in a road accident.[9]
Filmography
- The Misfortunes of Sophie (1946)
- fr (Gloomy Sunday) (1948)
- Gigi (1949)
- fr (1950)
- Olivia (US title: The Pit of Loneliness) (1951)
- Huis clos (No Exit) (1954)
- Mitsou (1956)
- School for Coquettes (1958)
- fr (1959)
- fr (1962)
- fr (1967)
References
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