Johnny Gruelle

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Johnny Gruelle
Born John Barton Gruelle
(1880-12-24)December 24, 1880
Arcola, Illinois, United States
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Miami Springs, Florida, United States
Occupation Artist.Writer
Nationality American
Genre Children's literature
Notable works Raggedy Ann

Johnny Gruelle (December 24, 1880 – January 9, 1938) was an American artist, political cartoonist, children's book author and illustrator (and even songwriter). He is known as the creator of Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy.

History

Raggedy Ann and Andy

John Barton Gruelle was born in Arcola, Illinois, on December 24, 1880,[1] and at age 2 moved with his family to Indianapolis, Indiana,[2] where his painter father, Richard Gruelle, became associated with the Hoosier Group of painters. Richard Gruelle’s friends included poet James Whitcomb Riley, whose poems “The Elf-Child”, later titled “Little Orphant Annie” (1885) and "The Raggedy Man" (1888), would form the basis for Johnny Gruelle's naming of Raggedy Ann.[2]

John Gruelle's cartoons first appeared in print in the Indianapolis Star in 1905.[3] From 1906 to 1911 his cartooning work appeared in many newspapers, usually signed as Grue, including The Toledo News-Bee,[4] The Pittsburgh Press,[5] The Tacoma Times,[6] and The Spokane Press.[7]

After he beat out 1,500 entrants to win a cartooning contest sponsored in 1911 by The New York Herald, Gruelle created Mr. Twee Deedle, which was in print from that year to at least 1914.[8]

Gruelle gave his daughter Marcella a dusty, faceless rag doll found in the attic. He drew a whimsical face on the doll and named her Raggedy Ann, and in 1915 patented and trademarked the design and name[9] The U.S. Patent D47,789 was dated September 7, 1915. Gruelle began approaching publishers, and 1918, the P.F. Volland Company published Raggedy Ann Stories, promoting it with a Raggedy Ann doll.[9] Both became major successes.[10] In 1920, Gruelle introduced Raggedy Ann's brother, the mischievous and adventuresome Raggedy Andy, in the book Raggedy Andy Stories.[11] Gruelle was awarded a patent for a stuffed animal in 1921 U.S. Patent D59,553.

Gruelle's "Raggedy Ann's Sunny Songs" was set to music by William H. Woodin. One of Gruelle's characters is Little Wooden Willie, a reference to Will Woodin.[12]

Gruelle lived in the Silvermine section of New Canaan, Connecticut, where the dolls were first mass-produced, and later moved his home and company to neighboring Wilton, Connecticut.[citation needed] Gruelle spent a year in Ashland, Oregon, from 1923 to 1924.[13] He died at home in Miami Springs, Florida, on January 9, 1938, of a heart attack.[14]

Bibliography

As author and illustrator

  • All About Cinderella (1916), republished as Cinderella (2012)
  • My Very Own Fairy Stories[15] (1917), republished as Raggedy Ann's Fairy Stories
  • Raggedy Ann Stories[16] (1918)
  • Friendly Fairies[17] (1919)
  • Little Sunny Stories (1919)
  • Raggedy Andy Stories[18] (1920)
  • Orphant Annie[19] (1921)
  • Eddie Elephant (1921)
  • Johnny Mouse and the Wishing Stick (1922), republished as Adventures of Johnny Mouse (2012)
  • The Magical Land of Noom (1922)
  • Raggedy Ann and Andy and the Camel with the Wrinkled Knees (1924)
  • Wishing Pebble (1925)
  • Beloved Belindy (1926)
  • Marcella - A Raggedy Ann Story - Marcella Stories (1929)
  • Raggedy Ann's Magical Wishes (Book is undated)
  • My Fairy Stories (2012), a collection of stories from My Very Own Fairy Stories
  • Friendly Gnomes (2012), a collection of stories from Friendly Fairies

As illustrator

File:Johnny Gruelle - Sally Migrundy.jpg
The titular character Sally Migrundy from the anthology Friendly Fairies (1919)
  • Grimm's Fairy Tales[20] (1914)
  • Nobody's Boy [21] (1916)
  • All About Hansel and Grethel (1917), republished as Hansel and Gretel (2012)
  • All About the Little Small Red Hen [22] (1917)
  • Sunny Bunny by Nina Wilcox Putnam (1918)
  • The Bam Bam Clock by J.P. McEvoy (1920)
  • Quacky Doodles' and Danny Daddles' Book (1916)[23]
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References

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  3. Hall, p. 40
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  8. Mr. Twee Deedle at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on September 30, 2015.
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  14. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Abstract; full article requires subscription.
  15. My Very Own Fairy Stories at Internet Archive
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  23. Quacky Doodles and Danny Daddles at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on September 30, 2015.

External links