Kungurian

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System/
Period		 Series/
Epoch		 Stage/
Age		 Age (Ma)
Triassic Lower/
Early		 Induan younger
Permian Lopingian Changhsingian 252.2–254.1
Wuchiapingian 254.1–259.8
Guadalupian Capitanian 259.8–265.1
Wordian 265.1–268.8
Roadian 268.8–272.3
Cisuralian Kungurian 272.3–283.5
Artinskian 283.5–290.1
Sakmarian 290.1–295.0
Asselian 295.0–298.9
Carboniferous Pennsylvanian Gzhelian older
Subdivision of the Permian system
according to the ICS (Geologic Time Scale 2013).[1]

In the geologic timescale, the Kungurian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is the latest or upper of four subdivisions of the Cisuralian epoch or series. The Kungurian lasted between 283.5 ± 0.6 and 272.3 ± 0.5 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Artinskian and followed by the Roadian.[2] It corresponds roughly to the Leonardian stage, covering the span from 280 to 270.6 ± 0.7 Ma in the North American system.[3]

Stratigraphy

The Kungurian is named after the Russian city of Kungur in the vicinity of Perm. The stage was introduced into scientific literature by Russian geologist Alexandr Antonovich Stukenberg (Alexander Stuckenberg) in 1890.[4]

The base of the Kungurian stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species Neostreptognathodus pnevi and Neostreptognathodus exculptus first appear. As of 2009, there was no agreement yet on a global reference profile (a GSSP) for the base of the Kungurian. The top of the Kungurian (the base of the Roadian and the Guadalupian series) is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species Jinogondolella nanginkensis first appear.

The Kungurian contains three conodont biozones:

  • zone of Neostreptognathodus sulcoplicatus
  • zone of Neostreptognathodus prayi
  • zone of Neostreptognathodus pnevi

References

Notes

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ See Gradstein et al. (2004) for a detailed geologic timescale
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ See for a historic overview Chuvashov et al. (2002)

Literature

  • Chuvashov, B.I.; Chernykh, V.V.; Leven, E.Y.; Davydov, V.I.; Bowring, S.A.; Ramezani, J.; Glenister, B.F.; Henderson, C.M.; Schiappa, T.A.; Northrup, C.J.; Snyder, W.S.; Spinosa, C. & Wardlaw, B.R.; 2002: Progress report on the base of the Artinskian and base of the Kungurian by the Cisuralian Working Group, Permophiles 41: pp 13–16.
  • Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G.; 2004: A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press

External links

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