Leucanthemum vulgare
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L. vulgare
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| Leucanthemum vulgare |
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Leucanthemum vulgare, the ox-eye daisy[2] or oxeye daisy,[3] is a widespread flowering plant native to Europe and the temperate regions of Asia and an introduced plant to North America, Australia and New Zealand. It is one of a number of family Asteraceae plants to be called a "daisy", and has the additional vernacular names common daisy, dog daisy and moon daisy.
L. vulgare is a typical grassland perennial wildflower, growing in a variety of plant communities including meadows and fields, under scrub and open-canopy forests, and in disturbed areas.[4]
Leucanthemum is from the Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, "white") and ἄνθος (ánthos, "flower"). Symbolic meaning of Oxeye daisy: Patience (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_symbolism)
Contents
Description
Leucanthemum vulgare is a perennial herb one to three feet high by 1 foot (0.30 m) wide.[5] The stem is mostly unbranched and sprouts laterally from a creeping rhizomatous rootstock.[6]
The leaves are dark green on both sides. The basal and middle leaves are petiolate, obovate to spoon-shaped, and serrate to dentate. The upper leaves are shorter, sessile, and borne along the stem.
L. vulgare blooms from late spring to autumn. The small flower head, not larger than 5 centimetres (2.0 in), consists of about 20 white ray florets that surround a yellow disc, growing on the end of 1 to 3 ft (30 to 91 cm) tall stems. The plant produces an abundant number of flat seeds, without pappus, that remain viable in the soil for 2 to 3 years. It also spreads vegetatively by rhizomes.[6]
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L. vulgare plant after flowering, showing the foliage.
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Capitulum of L. vulgare from below, showing the involucral bracts.
Uses
Food
The unopened flower buds can be marinated and used in a similar way to capers.[7]
Grieve's Modern Herbal (1931) states that "The taste of the dried herb is bitter and tingling, and the odour faintly resembles that of valerian."[8]
Cultivation
Leucanthemum vulgare is widely cultivated and available as a perennial flowering ornamental plant for gardens and designed meadow landscapes. It thrives in a wide range of conditions and can grow in sun to partial shade, and prefers damp soils. There are cultivars, such as 'May Queen' which begins blooming in early spring.
Invasive species
Leucanthemum vulgare became an introduced species via gardens into natural areas in parts of Canada,[2] the United States, Australia, and New Zealand, where it is now a common weed.[9] In some habitats it is an invasive species forming dense colonies displacing native plants and modifying existing communities, and is classified as a noxious weed.[4][10][11]
It is difficult to control or eradicate, since a new plant can regenerate from rhizome fragments[4] and is a problem in pastures where beef and dairy cattle graze, as usually they will not eat it, thus enabling it to spread.[12]
Ox-eye daisy is a host for several viral diseases affecting crops.[6]
Allergies
Allergies to daisies do occur, usually causing contact dermatitis.[13]
See also
- Bellis perennis – common daisy
- Buphthalmum salicifolium – yellow ox-eye daisy
- Argyranthemum frutescens – marguerite daisy
References
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Ox-Eye Daisy – Chrysanthemum leucanthemum. Cirrusimage.com. Retrieved on 2015-07-08.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ oxeye daisy, Leucanthemum vulgare (Asterales: Asteraceae). Invasive.org (2010-05-04). Retrieved on 2015-07-08.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Oxeye daisy. massey.ac.nz
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Further reading
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External links
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Wikiversity has bloom time data for Leucanthemum vulgare on the Bloom Clock |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Leucanthemum vulgare. |
- Articles containing Ancient Greek-language text
- Commons category link is defined as the pagename
- Anthemideae
- Flora of Europe
- Flora of Central Asia
- Inflorescence vegetables
- Medicinal plants
- Invasive plant species in Australia
- Invasive plant species in New Zealand
- Invasive plant species in the United States
- Garden plants of Asia
- Garden plants of Europe
- Flowers
- Plants described in 1753
