List of National Historic Landmarks in California

This is a complete List of National Historic Landmarks in California. The United States National Historic Landmark (NHL) program is operated under the auspices of the National Park Service, and recognizes structures, districts, objects, and similar resources nationwide according to a list of criteria of national significance. The listings in the state of California express the diversity of California's heritage, including pre-Columbian peoples, the Spanish and Mexican periods, maritime activity, space exploration, and many other themes.

Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay, a National Historic Landmark since 1986.

The table below lists all 142 sites, along with added detail and description. The sites are distributed across 36 of California's 58 counties.

California National Historic Landmarks

Current NHLs

One site, Yuma Crossing and Associated Sites, is shared with Arizona and is listed by the National Park Service in that state. Lower Klamath National Wildlife Refuge is shared with Oregon but credited to California.

	Landmark name	Image	Date designated	Location	County	Description
1	The Abbey, Joaquin Miller House		December 29, 1962 (#66000204)	Oakland	Alameda	Joaquin Miller, known as the "Poet of the Sierras", lived here from 1886 until his death in 1913.
2	The Ahwahnee		May 28, 1987 (#77000149)	Yosemite National Park	Mariposa	National Park Service-built and operated hotel in Yosemite National Park; designed by Gilbert Stanley Underwood; exemplifies National Park Service Rustic architecture.
3	Alcatraz Island		January 17, 1986 (#76000209)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Former maximum security Federal prison; Frank Morris escaped, but few others did; part of Golden Gate National Recreation Area; visited by tourist ferries.
4	Alma (scow schooner)		June 7, 1988 (#75000179)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Flat-bottomed scow schooner that was built in 1891 and used in San Francisco Bay and Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. Now part of the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park. Official plaque located in the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park Visitor Center, located at the corner of Hyde and Jefferson Streets.
5	Angelus Temple	Angelus Temple	April 27, 1992 (#92001875)	Los Angeles	Los Angeles	Church built by and for Aimee Semple McPherson, evangelical sensation of the 1920s and 1930s.
6	Juan de Anza House		April 15, 1970 (#70000140)	San Juan Bautista	San Benito	One-story adobe house typical of Mexican era, later "Americanized", also in typical way.
7	Aquatic Park Historic District		May 28, 1987 (#84001183)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Streamline Moderne beach, pier, and public bathhouse built by the WPA in 1936. Official plaque located in the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park Visitor Center, located at the corner of Hyde and Jefferson Streets.
8	Asilomar Conference Grounds		February 27, 1987 (#87000823)	Pacific Grove	Monterey	Arts and Crafts style conference center built for the YWCA by Julia Morgan in 1913.
9	Balboa Park		December 22, 1977 (#77000331)	San Diego	San Diego	1,200 acre (4.9 km²) urban cultural complex in San Diego. Reserved in 1855, it is one of the oldest public recreation sites in the US. It includes open areas and vegetation as well as museums, theaters, gardens, shops, restaurants and the San Diego Zoo.
10	Balclutha (square-rigger)		February 4, 1985 (#76000178)	San Francisco	San Francisco	The only remaining square rigged ship in the San Francisco Bay area, it was built in 1886 and served on several different trade routes. It is now part of the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park. Official plaque located in the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park Visitor Center, located at the corner of Hyde and Jefferson Streets.
11	Baldwin Hills Village		January 3, 2001 (#93000269)	Baldwin Hills	Los Angeles	Now known as Village Green, this 627 unit condo complex was one of the first new planned communities when it was built between 1935 and 1942.
12	Hubert H. Bancroft Ranch House		December 29, 1962 (#66000227)	Spring Valley	San Diego	Adobe home of historian and ethnologist Hubert Howe Bancroft, publisher of many Pacific Coast histories and books on Native American culture.
13	Bank of Italy Building		June 2, 1978 (#78000754)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Became the headquarters of Bank of Italy in 1908 (precursor of the Bank of America); also known as the Clay-Montgomery Building.
14	Aline Barnsdall Complex (Hollyhock House)		March 29, 2007 (#71000143)	Los Angeles	Los Angeles	Hollyhock House, a building designed by Frank Lloyd Wright and built in 1919–1921 for Aline Barnsdall. Now the centerpiece of the Barnsdall Art Park.
15	Berkeley (ferry)		December 14, 1990 (#90002220)	San Diego	San Diego	First propeller-driven ferry on the west coast; currently the main "building" of the Maritime Museum of San Diego.
16	Big Four House		July 4, 1961 (#76000541)	Sacramento	Sacramento	Built in 1852; house where Collis Huntington, Mark Hopkins, Leland Stanford, and Charles Crocker organized the Central Pacific railway and founded the Southern Pacific Railroad.
17	Bodie Historic District		July 4, 1961 (#66000213)	Bodie	Mono	Establish in 1859, it became a Gold Rush boomtown in 1876. It is currently a State park preserved in arrested decay, neither restored nor destroyed. It is one of very few towns of this type to survive untouched.
18	Borax Lake Site		September 20, 2006 (#91001424)	Clear Lake Coordinates missing	Lake	The archaeological type site of the unique Paleo-Indian Clovis people known as the Post Pattern. This site extended their known range and introduced an unusual lake shore dwelling population.
19	Bradbury Building		May 5, 1977 (#71000144)	Los Angeles	Los Angeles	1893 Italian Renaissance architectural landmark. Known for its striking interiors and cage elevators. It has been used extensively as a location in films such as Blade Runner.
20	Luther Burbank House and Garden		June 19, 1964 (#66000241)	Santa Rosa	Sonoma	City park containing the former home, greenhouse, gardens, and grave of noted American horticulturist Luther Burbank.
21	C.A. Thayer (schooner)		November 13, 1966 (#66000229)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Schooner built in 1895; now preserved at the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park; worked in lumber trade to San Francisco from Washington, Oregon, and Northern California. Official plaque located in the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park Visitor Center, located at the corner of Hyde and Jefferson Streets.
22	California Powder Works Bridge		February 27, 2015 (#15000279)	Santa Cruz	Santa Cruz
23	Carmel Mission		October 9, 1960 (#66000214)	Carmel	Monterey	The second Roman Catholic California Mission Church, this was the headquarters of the padre presidente, Father Fermin Francisco de Lasuen. It was destroyed in the mid-19th century and restored in 1884 and 1920. It remains a parish church today.
24	Carrizo Plain Archeological District		March 2, 2012 (#01000509)	San Luis Obispo	San Luis Obispo	Historically important and environmentally sensitive grassland area.
25	Jose Castro House		May 15, 1970 (#70000141)	San Juan Bautista	San Benito	Historic adobe home built by José Castro, Commandant General of Northern California. It is part of the San Juan Bautista Historic District.
26	Coloma		July 4, 1961 (#66000207)	Coloma	El Dorado	Town where the California Gold Rush when James W. Marshall discovered gold at Sutter's mill on January 24, 1848. Now a ghost town, it is a significant part of the Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park
27	Columbia Historic District		July 4, 1961 (#66000242)	Sonora	Tuolumne	Within two years of discovering gold in this town, it was the 3rd largest city in California. The historic district is now an open museum and the best preserved California Gold Rush town.
28	Commander's House, Fort Ross		May 15, 1970 (#66000239)	Fort Ross	Sonoma	Only original structure at Fort Ross; also known as Rotchev House; Russian-built in 1812
29	Coso Rock Art District(formerly Big and Little Petroglyph Canyons)		July 8, 2001 (#99001178)	Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake Coordinates missing	Inyo	Over 20,000 Indian petroglyphs are located in this NHLD, which also incorporates two earlier NHLs Big and Little Petroglyph Canyons. The site is located within Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake.
30	Donner Camp Sites		January 20, 1961 (#66000218)	Truckee	Nevada	Museum and monument to Donner party; trapped by weather during the winter of 1846–1847; resorted to cannibalism to survive
31	Drakes Bay Historic and Archeological District		October 16, 2012 (#12001006)	Drakes Bay, California	Marin	The recognized landing site of Francis Drake in 1579 and Sebastian Rodriguez Cermeño in 1595, and the early interactions between Native Americans and these European visitors.
32	Eames House (Case Study House #8)		September 20, 2006 (#06000978)	Pacific Palisades	Los Angeles	Built in 1949 by husband-and-wife design pioneers Charles and Ray Eames; also known as Case Study House No. 8.
33	Elmshaven (Ellen White House)		November 4, 1993 (#93001609)	St. Helena	Napa	Ellen Gould White lived and worked here from 1900 until her death in 1915. She was notable for her prophetic ministry which led to the rise of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.
34	Estudillo House		April 15, 1970 (#70000143)	San Diego	San Diego	Adobe house; constructed in 1827; was considered one of the finest houses in Mexican California.
35	Eureka (double-ended ferry)		February 4, 1985 (#73000229)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Side-wheel paddle steamboat; built in 1890 by the San Francisco and North Pacific Railroad Company; preserved at the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park. Official plaque located in the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park Visitor Center, located at the corner of Hyde and Jefferson Streets.
36	USCGC Fir		April 27, 1992 (#92001880)	Rio Vista	Sacramento	174 foot U.S. Coast Guard cutter; lighthouse tender; decommissioned.
37	First Church of Christ, Scientist		December 22, 1977 (#77000283)	Berkeley	Alameda	Church designed by Bernard Ralph Maybeck
38	James C. Flood Mansion		November 13, 1966 (#66000230)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Mansion of James C. Flood, 19th century silver-baron; first brownstone building built west of the Mississippi River; one of the only buildings on Nob Hill to survive the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire; purchased by the Pacific-Union Club after the earthquake
39	Folsom Powerhouse		May 29, 1981 (#73000426)	Folsom	Sacramento	Built in late 19th century using prison labor from Folsom Prison; first delivered power to Sacramento in 1895; remained in operation until 1952.
40	Fort Ross		November 5, 1961 (#66000239)	Fort Ross	Sonoma	Established by Ivan Kuskov of the Russian-American Company in 1812; thriving settlement from 1812 to 1841
41	Fresno Sanitary Landfill		August 7, 2001 (#01001050)	Fresno	Fresno	Opened in 1937; first modern landfill in the U.S.; model for other landfills around the country; and one of the longest-lived.
42	David B. Gamble House		December 22, 1977 (#71000155)	Pasadena	Los Angeles	Arts and Crafts masterpiece; shows influence from traditional Japanese aesthetics and a certain California spaciousness born of available land and a permissive climate.
43	González House		April 15, 1970 (#70000149)	Santa Barbara	Santa Barbara	Built about 1825 by Don Rafael Gonzales; typical of Mexican-era adobe town houses; adobe walls at least 2' thick
44	Guajome Ranch House		April 15, 1970 (#70000145)	Vista	San Diego	Spanish Colonial hacienda with two courtyards.
45	Hale Solar Observatory		December 20, 1989 (#86000103)	Pasadena	Los Angeles	Laboratory of George Ellery Hale, inventor of the spectroheliograph, with which he made his discoveries of the solar vortices and magnetic fields of sun spots.
46	Hanna-Honeycomb House		June 29, 1989 (#78000780)	Palo Alto	Santa Clara	Located on Stanford University campus, this was Frank Lloyd Wright's first work in the San Francisco region as well as his first work with non-rectangular structures.
47	Harada House		December 14, 1990 (#77000325)	Riverside	Riverside	Property involved in 1916–1918 constitutional test of an alien land law; at issue was the rights of the children of a Japanese immigrant
48	Hearst San Simeon Estate		May 11, 1976 (#72000253)	San Simeon	San Luis Obispo	Built by newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst; open for public tours; Hearst formally named the estate "La Cuesta Encantada".
49	Hercules (tug)		January 17, 1986 (#75000225)	San Francisco	San Francisco	This 1907 steam tug is now a museum ship at the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park. Official plaque located in the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park Visitor Center, located at the corner of Hyde and Jefferson Streets.
50	Lou Henry and Herbert Hoover House		February 4, 1985 (#78000786)	Palo Alto	Santa Clara	Designed by Lou Henry Hoover, wife of Herbert Hoover, this is where the Hoovers lived before and after his presidency. It is now the official residence of the president of Stanford University
51	USS Hornet (CVS-12) (aircraft carrier)		December 4, 1991 (#91002065)	Alameda	Alameda	Essex class aircraft carrier which was commissioned in November 1943. She played a role in the Pacific battles of World War II and then went on to serve in the Vietnam War. It also recovered the Apollo Astronauts as they returned from the Moon.
52	Hotel del Coronado		May 5, 1977 (#71000181)	Coronado	San Diego	The largest beach resort on the North American Pacific Coast, this Victorian building is an iconic symbol of San Diego.
53	Edwin Hubble House		December 8, 1976 (#76000494)	San Marino	Los Angeles	Home of astronomer Edwin Hubble from 1925 until his death in 1953.
54	Jeremiah O'Brien (Liberty ship)		January 14, 1986 (#78003405)	San Francisco	San Francisco	This Liberty ship is a rare survivor of the 6,939-ship armada that stormed Normandy on D-Day, 1944.
55	Knight's Ferry Bridge		October 16, 2012 (#12001014)	Knights Ferry	Stanislaus	Historic bridge
56	La Purisima Mission		April 15, 1970 (#70000147)	Lompoc	Santa Barbara	Now a historical park, it is the only example in California of a "complete" mission complex.
57	Lake Merritt Wild Duck Refuge		May 23, 1963 (#66000205)	Oakland	Alameda	Now known as Lake Merritt park, it is notable for being the first official wildlife refuge in the United States, designated in 1870.
58	Lane Victory (victory ship)		December 14, 1990 (#90002222)	San Pedro	Los Angeles	A rare example of a Victory Ship, it is now a still operational museum ship which makes 6 public cruises a year to Catalina Island.
59	Larkin House		December 19, 1960 (#66000215)	Monterey	Monterey	This house, part of the larger landmark district Monterey State Historic Park, combined Spanish building techniques with New England features, creating the Monterey Colonial style of architecture.
60	Las Flores Adobe		November 24, 1968 (#68000021)	Camp Pendleton	San Diego	An estancia halfway between two missions, it is now part of a Boy Scout camp located inside Camp Pendleton just off of Interstate 5.
61	Leconte Memorial Lodge		May 28, 1987 (#77000148)	Yosemite National Park	Mariposa	Built by the Sierra Club in 1903 in honor of Joseph LeConte, one of the founding members of the Sierra Club. It was a Yosemite visitors center, but is now run by the Sierra Club as a museum and library.
62	Lightship WAL-605, Relief		December 20, 1989 (#89002462)	Oakland	Alameda	A lightvessel now located in Oakland
63	Little Tokyo Historic District		June 12, 1995 (#86001479)	Los Angeles	Los Angeles	An ethnic Japanese American district in downtown Los Angeles, one of three official Japantowns in the United States.
64	Locke Historic District		December 14, 1990 (#71000174)	Locke	Sacramento	The largest remaining example of a historic rural Chinese American community, built in 1915.
65	Jack London Ranch		December 29, 1962 (#66000240)	Glen Ellen	Sonoma	Home of Jack London from 1905 until his death.
66	Los Alamos Ranch House		April 15, 1970 (#70000148)	Los Alamos Coordinates missing	Santa Barbara	A good example of the Mexican style single story adobe ranch-house located next to the El Camino Real. It was often used as an overnight stop when travelling between Santa Barbara and Monterey.
67	Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum		July 27, 1984 (#84003866)	Los Angeles	Los Angeles	The only stadium in the world which has hosted the Summer Olympic Games (1932 /1984), the World Series (1959) and the Super Bowl (1967 /1973). It is currently the home of the USC Trojans football team.
68	Los Cerritos Ranch House		April 15, 1970 (#70000135)	Long Beach	Los Angeles	Largest adobe home built in Southern California during Mexican era.
69	Lower Klamath National Wildlife Refuge		January 12, 1965 (#66000238)	Dorris, CA and Klamath Falls, OR	Siskiyou, CA and Klamath, OR	This national wildlife refuge, established in 1908, was the first large block of public land set aside for wildlife management purposes. Because of the refuge's extensive overlap with the Klamath Basin water reclamation project, it has become an ongoing example of the tensions between conservation and economic demands in public land management.
70	Manzanar War Relocation Center		February 4, 1985 (#76000484)	Independence	Inyo	The most widely known American forced relocation camp where 11,070 Japanese Americans were imprisoned during World War II.
71	Mare Island Naval Shipyard		May 15, 1975 (#75002103)	Vallejo	Solano	The first US naval facility on the West Coast, it built and supported WWII naval forces as well as nuclear submarines. It closed in 1996 and is currently under redevelopment which is threatening the historic buildings.
72	Marin County Civic Center		July 17, 1991 (#91002055)	San Rafael	Marin	The last major commission by Frank Lloyd Wright, this government run complex hosts a variety of events including the county fair. Its architecture has led to inclusion in or inspiration for several films. It is also known for two violent attacks in the 1970s.
73	Mendocino Woodlands Recreational Demonstration Area	Upload image	September 25, 1997 (#97001262)	Mendocino	Mendocino	The only Recreational Demonstration Area built by the Civilian Conservation Corps that's been continually used as a campground. It has been managed by a nonprofit agency since 1949 and remains in use today as Mendocino Woodlands State Park.
74	Mission Beach Roller Coaster		February 27, 1987 (#78000753)	San Diego	San Diego	One of only 2 remaining wooden coasters on the West coast, it was built in 1925 by noted coaster builders Prior and Church. It was saved from destruction in 1987, restored, and is still operating today.
75	Mission Inn		May 5, 1977 (#71000173)	Riverside	Riverside	This hotel has become the largest Mission Revival style through progressive additions and embellishments since its first predecessor cottage was built in 1876. In addition to lodgings, it features shops, a chapel, furniture from around the world, and Tiffany windows.
76	Mission San Miguel Arcángel		March 20, 2006 (#71000191)	San Miguel	San Luis Obispo	The 16th California Mission church remains well preserved and still in use today though under earthquake remediation construction. Inside are murals by Esteban Munras.
77	Mission Santa Inés		January 20, 1999 (#99000630)	Solvang	Santa Barbara	The 19th California Mission church was the site of an Indian revolt in 1824. It has undergone restoration since the 1940s and is a working parish church today.
78	Modjeska House		December 14, 1990 (#72000244)	Modjeska	Orange	Designed by Stanford White, from 1888 to 1906 this was the home of Helena Modjeska, a Polish patriot and Shakespearean actress.
79	Monterey Old Town Historic District		April 15, 1970 (#70000137)	Monterey	Monterey	Also known as Monterey State Historic Park, this NHLD contains both California's First Theatre, and the Monterey Customs House, where the American flag was first raised over California. It also incorporates the National Historic Landmarked Larkin House known for its leading architecture.
80	John Muir House		December 29, 1962 (#66000083)	Martinez	Contra Costa	John Muir lived here from 1890 until his death in 1914, the time period of some of his most notable achievements including founding the Sierra Club and laying the groundwork for the creation of the National Park Service. It is open to the public.
81	New Almaden		July 4, 1961 (#66000236)	San Jose	Santa Clara	Also known as Senador, one of the oldest and most productive mercury mines in the United States. It helped ensure the California Gold Rush could take place. Now part of Almaden Quicksilver County Park.
82	Richard M. Nixon Birthplace		May 31, 1973 (#71000171)	Yorba Linda	Orange	The birthplace and home of President Richard Milhous Nixon from 1913 to 1922. Now part of the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
83	Frank Norris Cabin		December 29, 1962 (#66000235)	Gilroy	Santa Clara	Also known as Redwood Retreat this was the home of author Frank Norris in the last year of his life.
84	Nuestra Senora Reina de la Paz		October 8, 2012 (#11000576)	Keene	Kern	Headquarters of the National Farm Workers Federation, now the Cesar Chavez National Monument. Includes the gravesite of co-founder César Chávez
85	Oak Grove Butterfield Stage Station		November 5, 1961 (#66000222)	Warner Springs	San Diego	The only surviving station house on the Butterfield Overland Mail stagecoach line. The nearby location of Warner's Ranch was also part of the line.
86	Old Customhouse		December 19, 1960 (#66000217)	Monterey	Monterey	This 1827 Adobe structure is the oldest public building in California and is where the American Flag was raised, declaring California part of the United States. It is now a museum located inside the Monterey State Historic Park, itself a NHLD.
87	Old Mission Dam		May 21, 1963 (#66000225)	San Diego	San Diego	The first major irrigation project on the Pacific coast, this dam supplied water for milling and irrigation at the Mission San Diego de Alcalá, 5 miles away. Now part of Mission Trails Regional Park
88	Old Sacramento Historic District		January 12, 1965 (#66000219)	Sacramento	Sacramento	Built up after the California Gold Rush, this historic district also includes the NHL locations of the Pony Express Terminal and the Big Four House.
89	Old Scripps Building		May 20, 1982 (#77000330)	La Jolla	San Diego	The first building of Scripps Institution of Oceanography, which is the oldest oceanographic institute in the United States. It formed the starting point of what has become the University of California, San Diego.
90	Old United States Mint		July 4, 1961 (#66000231)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Built for the San Francisco Mint in 1874 to handle the overflow from the California Gold Rush, this building is affectionately as The Granite Lady. It is one of the few that survivors of the great 1906 San Francisco earthquake and served until 1937.
91	USS Pampanito (submarine)		January 14, 1986 (#86000089)	San Francisco	San Francisco	A Balao class submarine, she served in World War II before becoming a museum ship and part of the San Francisco Maritime National Park Association. She still has several working parts, including the periscopes and a torpedo tube.
92	Paramount Theatre		May 5, 1977 (#73000395)	Oakland	Alameda	The largest theatre on the West Coast when it was built, it is notable for its Art Deco appearance. It is the home of the Oakland East Bay Symphony and the Oakland Ballet and is managed by a nonprofit organization.
93	Parsons Memorial Lodge		May 28, 1987 (#79000283)	Yosemite National Park	Tuolumne	This solidly built structure was the first stone structure in a National Park. It was built by the Sierra Club and is still standing today with only minor variations. It reflects the Bay Area architecture influences of Bernard Maybeck as well as the practical weather concerns of the High Sierra valley.
94	Petaluma Adobe		April 15, 1970 (#70000151)	Petaluma	Sonoma	The largest example of Monterey Colonial architecture in the United States, this adobe structure was the ranch house of General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, commandant of the Sonoma Pueblo. It is now the centerpiece of Petaluma Adobe State Historic Park, which is threatened with closure.
95	Pioneer Deep Space Station		October 3, 1985 (#85002813)	Fort Irwin	San Bernardino	NASA's Deep Space Network for tracking unmanned spacecraft in deep space was inaugurated when this antenna became operational in 1958.
96	Point Reyes Lifeboat Station		December 20, 1989 (#85002756)	Point Reyes	Marin	Last remaining instance of a USLS rail launched lifeboat station, commonly used on the Pacific coast. This site rescued crews from ships that foundered on Point Reyes. It is now protected as part of the Point Reyes National Seashore.
97	Pony Express Terminal		July 4, 1961 (#66000220)	Sacramento	Sacramento	The Western end of the Pony Express, this bank building has also served as the first home of the Supreme Court of California. It is now part of the Old Sacramento State Historic Park, itself a National Historic Landmark District.
98	Potomac (Presidential yacht)		December 14, 1990 (#87000068)	Oakland	Alameda	Formerly the USCGC Electra, this ship was Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s presidential yacht from 1936 until his death in 1945 and only one of three still existing presidential yachts. On August 3, 1941, she played a decoy role while Roosevelt snuck off to sign the Atlantic Charter. She is now a museum ship.
99	Presidio of San Francisco		June 13, 1962 (#66000232)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Used as a fortified military base from 1776 to 1995 by Spain, Mexico, and the United States. It is now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area and serves a mix of commercial and public uses. It is required to be financially self-supporting by 2013.
100	Ralph J. Scott (fireboat)		June 30, 1989 (#89001430)	San Pedro	Los Angeles	A fireboat for the LAFD from 1925 until its retirement in 2003, it could pump 17,000 US gal/min (1,070 L/s). It is now located near the Los Angeles Maritime Museum.
101	William C. Ralston Home		November 13, 1966 (#66000234)	Belmont	San Mateo	Home of William Chapman Ralston, a San Francisco businessman, founder of the Bank of California, and financier of the Comstock Lode. Now part of Notre Dame de Namur University.
102	Rancho Camulos		February 16, 2000 (#96001137)	Piru	Ventura	The home of Ygnacio del Valle, an alcalde of Los Angeles and member of the California State Assembly. The ranch was known as the Home of Ramona because it is likely that the popular 1884 novel Ramona by Helen Hunt Jackson was set there. The novel helped in raising awareness about the Californio lifestyle. It is now a museum.
103	Rangers' Club		May 28, 1987 (#87001414)	Yosemite National Park	Mariposa	Stephen Tyng Mather, the wealthy first director of the National Park Service personally donated this building to house the newly hired rangers covering Yosemite National Park. Its rustic architecture inspired all National Park construction through WWII.
104	Rogers Dry Lake		October 3, 1985 (#85002816)	Edwards Air Force Base	Kern and San Bernardino	Centerpiece of Edwards Air Force Base, this endorheic desert salt pan in the Mojave Desert has the worlds largest Compass Rose and the worlds largest runway at 7.2 miles. It is one of the alternate Space Shuttle landing sites.
105	Room 307, Gilman Hall, University of California		December 21, 1965 (#66000203)	Berkeley	Alameda	Room 307 in Gilman Hall at UCB is where Glenn T. Seaborg and his coworkers identified plutonium as a new element on February 23, 1941.
106	Rose Bowl		February 27, 1987 (#87000755)	Pasadena	Los Angeles	Home field of the UCLA Bruins college football team as well as the annual Rose Bowl Game. It also hosted events from the 1932 and 1984 Summer Olympics
107	Royal Presidio Chapel	Royal Presidio Chapel	October 9, 1960 (#66000216)	Monterey	Monterey	This cathedral is the oldest continuously operating parish, the oldest stone building in California, the smallest cathedral in the United States and one of the two oldest cathedrals in the United States. It is the only existing Presidio cathedral in California and the only original building in the Monterey Presidio.
108	San Diego Mission Church	San Diego Mission Church	April 15, 1970 (#70000144)	San Diego	San Diego	This was the first Spanish Mission in Alta California and the start of El Camino Real. Originally located in the Presidio of San Diego, it later moved a few miles away. The nearby Old Mission Dam, also a NHL, provided water for milling and farming.
109	San Diego Presidio		October 9, 1960 (#66000226)	San Diego	San Diego	The first fortified presidio, it along with the first mission, San Diego Mission Church, paved the way for Spanish colonization of California. No structures remain, but the site is now located in Presidio Park.
110	San Francisco Bay Discovery Site		May 23, 1968 (#68000022)	San Bruno	San Mateo	On November 4, 1769 the expedition of Spanish explorer Gaspar de Portolà reached the summit of the 1,200-foot (370 m) high Sweeney Ridge, where he sighted San Francisco Bay. It is now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area.
111	San Francisco Cable Cars		January 29, 1964 (#66000233)	San Francisco	San Francisco	An iconic image of San Francisco, this is the only remaining permanently operational manually operated cable car system in the world.
112	San Francisco Civic Center		February 27, 1987 (#78000757)	San Francisco	San Francisco	The United Nations Charter was signed here in 1945 as well as the post WWII peace treaty with Japan. This collection of Beaux Arts buildings serves a number of uses, including the Exposition Auditorium from the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition.
113	San Francisco Port of Embarkation, U.S. Army		February 4, 1985 (#85002433)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Originally built during the American Civil War for coastal defense, this fort became the primary transportation hub in the Pacific for the United States during World War I and World War II. In World War II alone, over 1,647,174 passengers and 23,589,472 tons went through this fort. It is now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area
114	San Juan Bautista Plaza Historic District		April 15, 1970 (#69000038)	San Juan Bautista	San Benito	A prime example of the Spanish-Mexican colonial plan of buildings surrounding the central plaza and Mission church. The NHLD also includes the Jose Castro House, itself a National Historic Landmark. It was featured prominently in the Hitchcock film Vertigo.
115	San Luis Rey Mission Church		April 15, 1970 (#70000142)	Oceanside	San Diego	California's most pristine Spanish Mission Complex, this is the third church at this site.
116	Santa Barbara County Courthouse		April 5, 2005 (#81000177)	Santa Barbara	Santa Barbara	Known for the beauty of its Spanish-Colonial Revival architecture, which inspired and influenced many other designers.
117	Santa Barbara Mission		October 9, 1960 (#66000237)	Santa Barbara	Santa Barbara	The only Spanish mission in California to remain under the leadership of the Franciscan Friars since the day of its founding.
118	Santa Cruz Looff Carousel and Roller Coaster		February 27, 1987 (#87000764)	Santa Cruz	Santa Cruz	The Looff family was one of the major early manufacturers of carousels, including this 1911 example. Only five other intact Looff carousels remain in the United States. The 1924 Giant Dipper roller coaster is the older of the two large, wooden scaffolded roller coasters remaining on the West Coast.
119	Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome		February 27, 1987 (#87000766)	Santa Monica	Los Angeles	Built by the Looff family to house one of their carousels, this structure now houses a different carousel, but remains a rare example of what was once a much larger amusement complex.
120	Upton Sinclair House		November 11, 1971 (#71000153)	Monrovia	Los Angeles	Home of American novelist Upton Sinclair between 1942 and 1966 and where he wrote most of his later works.
121	Sonoma Plaza		December 19, 1960 (#75000489)	Sonoma	Sonoma	The largest plaza in California, this was the location of the Bear Flag Revolt in 1846 which led to the Mexican-American War
122	Space Flight Operations Facility		October 3, 1985 (#85002814)	Pasadena	Los Angeles	Control room at Jet Propulsion Laboratory where all NASA interplanetary and deep space missions are monitored.
123	Space Launch Complex 10		June 23, 1986 (#86003511)	Vandenberg Air Force Base	Santa Barbara	First built in 1958 to test missiles, it was used to launch space missions from 1963 to 1980. It is now a rare, well-preserved example of the equipment and facilities from that era.
124	Leland Stanford House		May 28, 1987 (#71000178)	Sacramento	Sacramento	The home of Leland Stanford, Governor of California from 1862 to 1863, U.S. Senator from 1885 to 1893, railroad tycoon, member of the Big Four and founder of Stanford University.
125	Star of India (bark)		November 13, 1966 (#66000223)	San Diego	San Diego	A seaworthy iron hulled museum ship in the San Diego Maritime Museum, she is the oldest ship that still sails regularly and the oldest iron hulled merchant ship still floating.
126	Steedman Estate(Casa del Herrero)	Upload image	January 16, 2009 (#87000002)	Montecito	Santa Barbara	Designed by architect George Washington Smith, this 1920s, 11-acre estate is considered one of the finest examples of Spanish Colonial Revival architecture in the United States.
127	Sutter's Fort		January 20, 1961 (#66000221)	Sacramento	Sacramento	A 19th century agricultural and trade colony, it was known for its connection to the Donner Party, the California Gold Rush, and the formation of Sacramento as well as its proximity to the California Trail and Siskiyou Trails. Now a state park, threatened with closure in 2008.
128	Swedenborgian Church		August 18, 2004 (#04001154)	San Francisco	San Francisco	One of California's earliest pure Arts and Crafts buildings, this Swedenborgianism church remains open today with almost no architectural changes.
129	Tao House		July 17, 1971 (#71000137)	Danville	Contra Costa	America's only Nobel Prize-winning playwright Eugene O'Neill lived here from 1937 to 1944 while writing his final and most memorable plays: The Iceman Cometh, Long Day's Journey Into Night, and A Moon for the Misbegotten.
130	The Forty Acres		October 6, 2008 (#08001090)	Delano	Kern	Served as the original headquarters of the United Farm Workers, the first permanent agricultural labor union in the United States.
131	Tolowot, Gunther Island Site 67		July 19, 1964 (#66000208)	Eureka	Humboldt	An archaeological site surrounding a Wiyot shell midden, located in Tolowot, on Indian Island in Humboldt Bay near Eureka, California. This site helped define the Gunther Pattern in archaeology and was also the site of the 1860 Wiyot Massacre.
132	Tule Lake Segregation Center		February 17, 2006 (#06000210)	Newell Coordinates missing	Modoc	The largest Japanese American internment camp, it also had the highest security and stayed open longest, even after World War II. The Redress movement in the 1980s and pilgrimages to Tule Lake led to the Civil Liberties Act of 1988.
133	Twenty-Five-Foot Space Simulator		October 3, 1985 (#85002812)	Pasadena	Los Angeles	An 85 foot high stainless-steel cylinder at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory used for testing spacecraft in space-like conditions. Ranger, Surveyor, Mariner, and Voyager spacecraft were all tested in this facility.
134	Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel		October 3, 1985 (#85002799)	Moffett Field	Santa Clara	This wind tunnel built in the 1950s allowed commercial and military aircraft as well as the Space Shuttle to be aerodynamically tested.
135	United States Immigration Station, Angel Island		December 9, 1997 (#71000164)	Tiburon	Marin	The "Ellis Island of the West" processed over 1 million Asian immigrants between 1910 and 1940. Now part of Angel Island State Park, it was renovated in 2009.
136	United States Post Office and Court House (James R. Browning U.S. Court of Appeals)		October 16, 2012 (#71000188)	San Francisco	San Francisco	Court House
137	Walker Pass		July 4, 1961 (#66000210)	Onyx, California	Kern	Joseph Reddeford Walker mapped this pass in 1834 after learning of it from Native Americans. He then led the first immigrant wagon train through it in 1846. This pass significantly contributed to the development of California.
138	Warner's Ranch		January 20, 1961 (#66000228)	Warner Springs	San Diego	The only trading post between New Mexico and Los Angeles, this ranch developed into a stop on the Butterfield Overland Mail stagecoach line along with nearby Oak Grove. Now a hot springs resort.
139	Watts Towers		December 14, 1990 (#77000297)	Los Angeles	Los Angeles	These towers built by Simon Rodia are a superb example of non-traditional vernacular architecture and American Naïve art.
140	Wawona Hotel and Thomas Hill Studio		May 28, 1987 (#75000223)	Yosemite National Park	Mariposa	Built in 1879 for tourists visiting the Mariposa Grove, this hotel is also where the Hudson River School painter Thomas Hill painted towards the end of his life.
141	Well No. 4, Pico Canyon Oil Field		November 13, 1966 (#66000212)	San Fernando	Los Angeles	Drilled in 1876 to 376 feet (115 m), this was the first commercially successful oil well in California, producing 25 barrels a day (4 m³/d).
142	Yuma Crossing and Associated Sites		November 13, 1966 (#66000197)	Winterhaven	Imperial	A major crossroads for Alta California as well as the Westward expansion of the United States. It has several archaeological and historical sites, shared with Arizona across the Colorado River, including Fort Yuma and other state parks.

Historic areas of the NPS in California

National Historic Sites, National Historical Parks, some National Monuments, and certain other areas listed in the National Park system are historic landmarks of national importance that are highly protected already, often before the inauguration of the NHL program in 1960, and are then often not also named NHLs per se. There are seven of these in California. The National Park Service lists these seven together with the NHLs in the state,

Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site is also named Tao House and is listed as an NHL under that name above. John Muir National Historic Site is listed as NHL John Muir House above. Manzanar National Historic Site is listed as Manzanar War Relocation Center above. The other four are:

	Landmark name	Image	Date established	Location	County	Description
1	Cabrillo National Monument		October 14, 1913	San Diego	San Diego	Located at the southern tip of the Point Loma Peninsula, it commemorates the landing of Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo at San Diego Bay on September 28, 1542.
2	Fort Point National Historic Site		October 16, 1970	San Francisco	San Francisco	A military fort built just before the American Civil War to defend San Francisco Bay against hostile warships
3	Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park		October 25, 2000	Richmond	Contra Costa	This park encompasses an array of historic properties which were constructed during the 1940s to support America's entry into World War II
4	San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park		June 27, 1988	San Francisco	San Francisco	This park houses a fleet of historic vessels, in addition to a maritime museum and a library/research facility.

Former NHLs and Possible future NHLs

In addition, there are six similar sites that are not currently NHLs. Three sites in California were designated National Historic Landmarks, and subsequently de-designated. Two landmark ships have been moved to other states, and one site has been determined eligible for landmark status, but the designation not finalized. These sites are:

	Landmark name	Image	Date designated	Date moved or withdrawn	Locality	County	Description
1	First Pacific Coast Salmon Cannery Site		April 6, 1964	July 14, 2004	Broderick	Yolo	The first Pacific Coast salmon cannery site was established in 1864. However, nothing of the original operation remains, and numerous floods and the establishment of a city park on the former site altered the riverbank's appearance to such a degree that the NHL designation was withdrawn in 2004.
2	Fort Ross Chapel		1969	1971	Fort Ross	Sonoma	The chapel in Fort Ross, a rare example of a log church constructed on a Russian quadrilateral plan, was withdrawn from the NHL listings after a fire destroyed most of the building in 1970. A complete reconstruction of the chapel now stands in its place.
3	Hoga (YT-146) (ex-City of Oakland) (tug)		June 30, 1989	pending	Oakland and Benicia (formerly)	Alameda (formerly)	At Pearl Harbor, this tugboat fought ship fires and helped push sinking USS Nevada out of the ship channel. It then served Oakland harbor for many years. The vessel was then transferred to the Arkansas Inland Maritime Museum (AIMM) in 2005 and was scheduled to be moved to North Little Rock, Arkansas in 2007. The move has been delayed by damage from Hurricane Katrina along the proposed tow route to AIMM and transport costs. As of November 2009, the vessel was moored at Suisun Bay, California.
4	Rock Magnetics Laboratory		October 12, 1994	March 8, 1999	Menlo Park	San Mateo	Located at the United States Geological Survey's Menlo Park offices, this is the site where Richard Doell, Allan V. Cox, and Brent Dalrymple researched major discoveries in areas related to geomagnetic reversals and plate tectonics. However, the lab was built in a temporary building, which was demolished in the late 1990s.
5	Saddle Rock Ranch Pictograph Site		March 16, 1990 determined eligible	–	Malibu	Los Angeles	Located on the grounds of the former Saddle Rock Ranch, the site consists of a rock shelter adorned with rock art of the Chumash people.
6	Wapama (steam schooner)		April 20, 1984	February 27, 2015	San Francisco	San Francisco	This 204' wooden schooner was the last surviving of 200 ships of its type plying the lumber trade along the Pacific coast. It was scrapped in 2013.

See also

• California Point of Historical Interest
• California Register of Historical Resources
• Historic preservation
• History of California
• List of California Historical Landmarks
• List of California State Historic Parks
• National Register of Historic Places listings in California
• National Register of Historic Places

External links

• National Historic Landmarks Program, at National Park Service
• National Park Service listings of National Historic Landmarks