List of matrilineal or matrilocal societies

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

The following list includes societies that have been identified as matrilineal or matrilocal in ethnographic literature.

"Matrilineal" means property is passed down through the maternal line on the death of the mother, not that of the father.

The Akans of Ghana, West Africa, are matrlineals. Akans are the largest ethnic group in Ghana. They are made of the Akims, Asantes, Fantis, Akuapims, Kwahus, Denkyiras, Brongs, Akwamus, Krachis etc.

"Matrilocal" means new families are established in proximity to the brides' extended family of origin, not that of the groom.

Note: separate in the marriage column refers to the practice of husbands and wives living in separate locations, often informally called walking marriages. See the articles for the specific cultures that practice this for further description.

Group name Continent Country / Region Marriage Lineage Reference (c. year)
Alor Asia Indonesia Cora du Bois 1944
Bamenda Africa Cameroon patrilocal only Kom matrilineal Phyllis Kaberry 1952
Batek Asia Malaysia patrilocal Kirk Michael Endicott 1974
Bijagós Africa Guinea-Bissau matrilineal Luigi Scantarburlo 1978
Bontoc Asia Philippines Albert Jenks
Albert Bacdayan
1905
1974
Boyowan Australasia Trobriand Islands, Papua New Guinea patrilocal matrilineal Bronisław Malinowski 1916
Bribri North America Costa Rica matrilocal matrilineal William More Gabb 1875
Bunt Asia India patrilocal matrilineal E Kathleen Gough 1954
Danes Europe Læsø matrilocal matrilineal[1] Bjarne Stoklund[2] 1700-1900
Chambri Australasia Papua New Guinea Margaret Mead 1935
Fore Australasia Papua New Guinea Shirley Glasse (Lindenbaum) 1963
Garo Asia India matrilocal matrilineal
Greek Europe various islands matrilocal John Hawkins to the end of the 18th century AD[3]
Hopi North America United States of America matrilocal matrilineal Barbara Freire-Marreco 1914
Huaorani[citation needed] South America Ecuador John Man[citation needed] 1982[citation needed]
Iban Asia Borneo both neither Edwin H Gomes 1911
Imazighen Africa North Sahara George Peter Murdock 1959
Iroquois North America North East North America matrilocal matrilineal Lewis Henry Morgan 1901
Jaintia Asia India matrilocal matrilineal
Jivaro South America West Amazon de (Rafael Karsten) 1926
Jews in the Kibbutzim Israel [4] matrilineal Judith Buber Agassi[5] 1989
Karen Asia Burma matrilocal matrilineal Harry Ignatius Marshall[6] 1922
fr (Kerinci:Kerinci (peuple)|Kerinci people|Kerinci) Asia Indonesia matrilocal matrilineal C.W. Watson[7] 1992
Khasi Asia India matrilocal matrilineal P. R. T. Gurdon[8] 1914
!Kung San Africa Southern Africa Marjorie Shostak 1976
Marshallese Oceania Marshall Islands matrilocal matrilineal
Maliku Asia India separate matrilineal Ellen Kattner 1996
Minangkabau Asia Indonesia both nl (Pieter Johannes Veth) 1882
Mosuo/Nakhi Asia China separate matrilineal Joseph Francis Charles Rock 1924
Nair Asia India matrilocal matrilineal E Kathleen Gough 1954
Navajo North America United States of America matrilocal matrilineal
Ngazidja/Grande Comore Afrique Comoros matrilocal matrilineal Paul Guy[9]
Martine Gestin, fr (Nicole-Claude Mathieu)[10]
1942
Nubians Africa Sudan Ernest Godard 1867
Ovambo Africa Namibia matrilineal Maija Hiltunen (Tuupainen)[11] 1970
Serer
subgroups  : Saafi, Ndut, Palor, Laalaa, Noon and Niominka.
Africa Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania patrilocal both Henry Gravrand[12]

Charles Becker[13]

1990

1993

Siraya Austronesia Taiwan duolocal, uxorilocal matrilineal Shepherd & Candidius 1995
Tlingit North America United States of America matrilocal matrilineal Aurel Krause 1885
Vanatinai Australasia Papua New Guinea matrilocal matrilineal Maria Lepowsky 1981
Wemale Asia Indonesia Adolf E Jensen 1939

References

  1. only in informal everyday language.
  2. Gårdene gik i arv på spindesiden. Kvinderne drev landbruget, medens mændene mest tog sig af strandinger og fiskeri og hjalp med pløjning og tærskning.
    The farms were inherited in the distaff side. The women drive agriculture, while men most took care of shipwrecks and fishing and helped with plowing and threshing.
  3. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. see Jewish views of marriage
  5. Agassi, Judith Buber, (1989) "Theories of Gender Equality: Lessons from the Israeli Kibbutz", Gender and Society, 3/2, 160-186.
  6. Marshall, Harry Ignatius (1922). "The Karen People of Burma: A Study in Anthropology and Ethnology." Ohio State University Bulletin 26(13). ISBN 974-8496-86-4
  7. C. W. Watson Kinship, Property and Inheritance in Kerinci, Central Sumatra 1992 ISBN 0 904938 19 0
  8. The Khasis by P. R. T. Gurdon
  9. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. Marriage in a matrilineal African tribe: A social anthropological study of marriage in the Ondonga tribe in Ovamboland.
  12. (French) Gravrand, Henry, "La civilisation sereer, vol. II : Pangool", Nouvelles éditions africaines, Dakar (1990), pp 193-4, ISBN 2-7236-1055-1
  13. (French) Becker, Charles, "Vestiges historiques, témoins matériels du passé dans les pays sereer", Dakar (1993), CNRS - ORS TO M Excerpt (Retrieved : 23 July 2012)