List of predecessors of sovereign states in South America

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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. This is a list of all present sovereign states in South America and their predecessors. The division between North and South America is unclear, generally viewed as lying somewhere in the Isthmus of Panama, however, the whole of Panama is considered to be part of North America as its southernmost nation. The continent was colonized by the Europeans: First by the Spaniards, and the Portuguese; and later by the Dutch, the French, and the English. Most of the present-day nations gained independence in the early 19th century. Today, South America consists of twelve sovereign states with common government system being some form of presidential republic.

Sovereign state Predecessors
Argentina Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1776) (viceroyalty of the Crown of Castile)
Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (1776–1810) (viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire)
Flag of Argentina (alternative).svg United Provinces of the River Plate (1810–1831)
Flag of the Argentine Confederation.svg Argentine Confederation (1831–1861)
 Argentine Republic (1861–present)
Bolivia Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Governorate of New Toledo (1528–1542)
Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1776) (viceroyalty of the Crown of Castile)
Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (1776–1810) (viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire)
Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg Viceroyalty of Peru (1810–1825) (viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire)
 Republic of Bolivia (1825–2009)
 Plurinational State of Bolivia (2009–present)
Brazil Flag of the Princes of Brazil.svg Colonial Brazil (1500-1815) (colony of Portugal)
Flag of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves.svg United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1815–1822)
Flag of Empire of Brazil (1870-1889).svg Empire of Brazil (1822–1889)
Flag of Brazil.svg Republic of the United States of Brazil (1889–1930)
Flag of Brazil.svg Republic of the United States of Brazil (1930–1946) (renamed "United States of Brazil" in 1937)
Flag of Brazil.svg United States of Brazil (1946–1964)
Flag of Brazil.svg United States of Brazil (1964–1989) (military dictatorship, renamed "Federative Republic of Brazil" in 1967)
 Federative Republic of Brazil (1989–present)
Chile Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg Captaincy General of Chile (1542–1818)
 Republic of Chile (1818–present)
Colombia Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1717)
Bandera de Costas.svg Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1819)
Flag of the Gran Colombia (1822 proposal).png Gran Colombia (1819–1831)
Flag of New Granada.svg Republic of New Granada (1831–1858)
Flag of New Granada.svg Granadine Confederation (1858–1863)
Flag of Colombia.svg United States of Colombia (1863–1886)
 Republic of Colombia (1886–present)
Ecuador Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1717)
Bandera de Costas.svg Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1822)
Flag of the Gran Colombia (1819-1820).svg Gran Colombia (1822–1830)
 Republic of Ecuador (1830–present)
Guyana Flag of the Netherlands.svg Colony of Essequibo (1616–1815), Flag of the Netherlands.svg Berbice (1627–1815) & Flag of the Netherlands.svg Colony of Demerara (1745–1815) (all Dutch colonies)
Flag of British Guiana (1919-1955).png British Guiana (1814–1966)
Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana (1966–1970)
 Co-operative Republic of Guyana (1970–present)
Panama Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1717)
Bandera de Costas.svg Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1819)
Flag of the Gran Colombia (1822 proposal).png Gran Colombia (1819–1831)
Flag of New Granada.svg Republic of New Granada (1831–1858)
Flag of New Granada.svg Granadine Confederation (1858–1863)
Flag of Colombia.svg United States of Colombia (1863–1886)
Flag of Colombia.svg Republic of Colombia (1886–1903)
 Republic of Panama (1903–present)
Paraguay Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (1776–1814)
 Republic of Paraguay (1814–present)
Peru Banner of the Inca Empire.svg Inca Empire (1438–1533)
Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Governorate of New Castile (1528–1542) & Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Governorate of New Toledo (1528–1542) (both Spanish colonies)
Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1824)
 Republic of Peru (1824–present)
Suriname Flag of the Netherlands.svg Colony of Surinam (1630–1954)
Flag of Dutch Guyana.svg Country of Suriname (1954–1975) (constituent country of the Netherlands)
 Republic of Suriname (1975–present)
Trinidad and Tobago Bandera de Costas.svg Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1797)
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg British West Indies (1797–1962)
 Trinidad and tobago (1962-1976)
 Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (1976–present)
Uruguay Flag of Argentina (alternative).svg United Provinces of the River Plate (1810–1816)
Flag of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves.svg United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1816–1822)
Flag of Empire of Brazil (1870-1889).svg Empire of Brazil (1822–1828)
 Eastern Republic of Uruguay (1828–present)
Venezuela Bandera de Costas.svg Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717–1819)
Flag of the Gran Colombia (1819-1820).svg Gran Colombia (1819–1828)
 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (1828–present) (renamed from "Republic of Venezuela" in 1999)

See also