Midtown Manhattan

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The East Side of Midtown Manhattan, showing the terraced crown of the Chrysler Building lit at twilight.
42nd Street, in the Broadway Theatre District.
Radio City Music Hall

Midtown Manhattan, or simply Midtown, represents the central lengthwise portion of the borough and island of Manhattan in New York City. Midtown is home to some of the city's most iconic buildings, including the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, and the headquarters of the United Nations, and it contains world-renowned commercial zones such as Rockefeller Center, Broadway, and Times Square. Along Manhattan's north-south long axis, Midtown Manhattan separates Lower Manhattan from Upper Manhattan.

Midtown Manhattan is the largest central business district in the United States and ranks among the most intensely used pieces of real estate in the world. While Lower Manhattan is the main financial center, Midtown is the country's largest commercial, entertainment, and media center; Midtown Manhattan is also a growing financial center, second in importance in the United States only to Lower Manhattan's Financial District. The majority of New York City's skyscrapers, including its tallest hotels and apartment towers, lie within Midtown. The area hosts commuters and residents working in its offices, hotels, and retail establishments; many tourists, visiting residents, and students populate the district. Some areas, such as Times Square and the Fifth Avenue corridor, have large clusters of retail stores, and Times Square is the center of Broadway theatre. The Avenue of the Americas holds the headquarters of three of the four major U.S. television networks.

Location

Geographically, the northern border of Midtown Manhattan is commonly defined to be 59th Street on Manhattan Island, and although its southern border is less clear, it is variously taken to be 34th Street, 23rd Street, or even 14th Street. Midtown spans the entire island of Manhattan along an east-west axis, being bounded by the East River on its east and the Hudson River to its west.

Neighborhoods

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Madison Square Garden
Times Square (2013), one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections
Rockefeller Center's GE Building
Skyscrapers line Sixth Avenue in the heart of Midtown
"Korea Way" on 32nd Street in Manhattan's Koreatown (맨해튼 코리아타운)
Diamond District, West 47th Street
The United Nations Secretariat building at the United Nations Headquarters
Herald Square, with Macy's

In addition to its central business district, Midtown Manhattan encompasses many neighborhoods, including Hell's Kitchen and Chelsea on the West Side, and Murray Hill, Kips Bay, Turtle Bay, and Gramercy Park on the East Side. It is sometimes broken into "Midtown East" and "Midtown West", or north and south as in the New York City Police Department's Midtown North and Midtown South precincts.

A simplistic, and by no means comprehensive, list of the neighborhoods in the Midtown area is:

Midtown is the original district in the United States to bear the name and included historical but now defunct neighborhoods such as the Ladies' Mile, along Fifth Avenue from 14th Street to 23rd Street; and the Tenderloin, from 23rd Street to 42nd Street and Fifth Avenue to Seventh Avenue.

Landmarks

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Important streets and thoroughfares in Midtown:

Different definitions of Midtown Manhattan

The border of Midtown Manhattan is nebulous and further confused by the fact that the term "Midtown Manhattan" can be used to refer either to a district or a group of neighborhoods and districts in Manhattan:

  • The area between 14th and 86th Streets includes roughly the center of Manhattan; however, the term Midtown Manhattan can also apply to the area between 31st Street and 59th Streets, although there are still office buildings south of 31st Street.
  • The "Plaza District", a term used by Manhattan real estate professionals to denote the most expensive area of midtown from a commercial real estate perspective, lies between 42nd Street and 59th Street, from Third Avenue to Seventh Avenue, about a square kilometer or half a square mile.
  • "Midtown South" can refer to the part of Midtown between 23rd Street and around 42nd Street (although its northern boundary is defined differently depending on the source). Midtown South has considerably lower rents.
  • In 1982, the City of New York identified the "Manhattan Core" as the area that includes some of the City’s most populous neighborhoods, major institutions, parks and transit hubs, and the City’s primary Central Business District (CBD), defined as Manhattan below 60th Street.[1] The "Manhattan Core" includes some areas slightly further north of 86th Street in Manhattan, as well as the area below 14th Street; however, this definition is problematic because it ignores the fact that Manhattan has not one but two zones in which people do business within this area separated by a wide swath of low-rise (by New York City standards) residential development — there is Midtown (which is in Midtown Manhattan), and the Financial District, (also known simply as "Downtown" because of its location in Downtown Manhattan). In other sources these districts are referred to as separate central business districts.[2]
The park and surrounding neighborhood of Union Square, located between 14th and 17th Streets, may be considered a part of either Midtown or Lower Manhattan.

Cityscape

A panoramic view of Midtown Manhattan as seen from Weehawken, New Jersey (2011)
Manhattan from 69th to 16th Streets as seen from Weehawken, New Jersey (January 2015)
A panoramic view of Midtown Manhattan during midday, from the Empire State Building
A panoramic view of the Midtown Manhattan skyline, looking north from the Empire State Building

Economy

Western Midtown with a rainbow in the sky
Eastern Midtown

Midtown Manhattan, along with Lower Manhattan, is one of the world's leading financial centers.

Corporate headquarters

Thomson Reuters Building at Times Square

Midtown Manhattan is the country's largest central business district.[3] It has the headquarters of major companies, including 4Kids Entertainment,[4] Barnes & Noble,[5] Bloomberg L.P.,[6] Ernst & Young,[7] Calvin Klein,[8] Cantor Fitzgerald,[9] CBS Corporation,[10] Citigroup,[11] Colgate-Palmolive,[12] Cushman & Wakefield,[13] DC Comics,[14] Deloitte,[15] Duane Reade,[16] Estée Lauder Companies,[17] Foot Locker,[18] Frederator Studios,[19] JPMorgan Chase,[20] Hess Corporation,[21] Kroll Inc.,[22] L-3 Communications,[23] Marsh & McLennan Companies,[24] Marvel Entertainment,[25] MetLife,[26] MidOcean Partners,[27] Morgan Stanley,[28] NBC Universal,[29] The New York Times Company,[30] NexCen Brands,[31] Pfizer,[32] Polo Ralph Lauren,[33] Saks Incorporated (Saks Fifth Avenue),[34] The Sharper Image,[35] Simon & Schuster,[10] Six Flags,[36] TBWA Worldwide,[37] Thomson Reuters,[38] Time Warner,[39] Time Warner Cable,[40] Univision Communications,[41] and Viacom.[42] The New York Institute of Finance is located in Midtown Manhattan.[43]

Foreign subsidiary operations

Haier operates its United States offices in the Haier Building at 1356 Broadway; the building previously was a building of the Greenwich Savings Bank. Haier held the opening ceremony on March 4, 2002.[44] Sumitomo Corporation operates its New York Office, the headquarters of the corporation's United States operations, at 600 Third Avenue, 10016 in the Murray Hill neighborhood.[45] El Al's North American headquarters are in Midtown.[46] The Air France USA regional headquarters are in 125 West 55th Street in Midtown Manhattan.[47][48] Hachette Book Group USA has its headquarters in 237 Park Avenue.[49] In 1994 Alitalia considered moving its USA headquarters from Midtown to Lower Manhattan, but decided to keep the offices where they were at the last minute.[50] Global Infrastructure Partners has an office in Midtown Manhattan.[51]

Broadway theatre

According to The Broadway League, shows on Broadway sold approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets in the 2013-2014 season, an increase of 11.4% from US$1.139 billion in the 2012-2013 season; attendance in 2013-2014 stood at 12.21 million, a 5.5% increase from the 2012-2013 season's 11.57 million.[52]

Biotechnology

Biotechnology is emerging in Midtown Manhattan, bolstered by the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2) on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.[53]

Former economic operations

The MetLife Building (formerly Pan Am Building)

American companies formerly headquartered in Midtown Manhattan include American Airlines,[54][55] American Comics Group,[56] American Overseas Airlines,[57] Central Park Media,[58][59] Eastern Airlines,[60] GoodTimes Entertainment,[61] LJN,[62] NewKidCo,[63] Pan American World Airways,[64] Philip Morris Companies (now Altria Group),[65][66] Trans Caribbean Airways,[67] and Trans World Airlines.[68][69][70]

Aer Lingus formerly had its United States offices in Midtown.[71] In 1997, Aer Lingus announced that it was moving its North American headquarters to Melville, New York, in Nassau County (on Long Island).[72]

Education

The CUNY Graduate Center on Fifth Avenue

Two campuses of the City University of New York (CUNY)—the doctorate-granting CUNY Graduate Center and the Stella and Charles Guttman Community College—are located in Midtown.

New York City Department of Education public schools in Midtown Manhattan include Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis High School[73] and Norman Thomas High School.[74] Private schools include The Beekman School, Rebecca School, and a number of private language and music centers (e.g. Berlitz, American Language Communication Center, New York Language Center,[75] Swan Music School, and the New York Youth Symphony).

In addition to its well-known Main Branch research library—now known as the Stephen A. Schwarzman Building—the New York Public Library operates the Science, Industry and Business Library at 34th and Madison, the Mid-Manhattan Library at 455 Fifth Avenue (at 40th Street),[76] the Grand Central Library on East 46th Street, and the 58th Street Branch Library at 127 East 58th Street, between Park Avenue and Lexington Avenue.[77]

Transportation

Grand Central Terminal, seen from 42nd Street

Pennsylvania Station and Grand Central Terminal are major railroad stations located in Midtown Manhattan. The Port Authority Bus Terminal is also in Midtown.

The New York City Subway and MTA Regional Bus Operations each operate several routes that go through Midtown.

Government and infrastructure

James A. Farley Post Office

Traffic congestion is common, especially for crosstown traffic. In 2011, a new system of traffic light control, known as "Midtown in Motion" was announced, with the aim of reducing traffic congestion.[78] Approximately 750,000 vehicles enter Midtown Manhattan on a fall business day.[79] According to the 2011 Traffic Data Report for New York State, 777,527 vehicles a day went through select toll facilities into Manhattan.[80]

The United States Postal Service operates the James A. Farley Post Office, New York City's main post office, in Midtown Manhattan.[81] The post office stopped 24-hour service beginning on May 9, 2009 due to decreasing mail traffic.[82] The New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, First Department, is located in the Rose Hill section of Midtown Manhattan. The Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration operates its New York office on the 22nd floor at 135 West 50th Street.[83]

The New York City Fire Department currently operates 12 firehouses, organized into 3 battalions in Midtown Manhattan.

Diplomatic missions

Manhattanhenge, seen westward at sunset through Midtown in June 2005

Several countries, including Argentina, The Bahamas,[84] People's Republic of China,[85] Costa Rica,[86] Germany,[87] Republic of Ireland,[88] Israel,[89] Jamaica,[90] Japan,[91] Luxembourg,[92] Mexico,[93] Morocco,[94] Saudi Arabia,[95] Singapore,[96] South Africa,[97] United Kingdom,[98] and Ukraine,[99] have consulates-general in Midtown Manhattan accredited to the United States. In addition, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office of the Republic of China (Taiwan) is in Midtown Manhattan.[100]

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/mn_core/mncore_es.pdf
  2. ↑ [1] Archived May 8, 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ "Contact." 4Kids Entertainment. Retrieved on October 13, 2009.
  5. ↑ "National Sponsorships and Donations." Barnes & Noble. Retrieved on January 29, 2010.
  6. ↑ "Dreier’s Luxe Life Revealed in $10 Million Auction." Retrieved on May 22, 2011
  7. ↑ "5 Times Square – Ernst & Young National Headquarters", Wired New York. Retrieved July 13, 2013
  8. ↑ "Corporate." Calvin Klein. Retrieved on January 26, 2010.
  9. ↑ "Locations." Cantor Fitzgerald. Retrieved on October 4, 2009.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Contact Info." CBS Corporation. Retrieved on November 3, 2009.
  11. ↑ "Citi – United States." Retrieved on May 22, 2011
  12. ↑ "Legal/Privacy." Colgate-Palmolive. Retrieved on June 26, 2010.
  13. ↑ "Global locations." Cushman & Wakefield. Retrieved on November 12, 2009.
  14. ↑ "More Privacy Information." DC Comics. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  15. ↑ "Contact Us." Deloitte. Retrieved on December 7, 2009.
  16. ↑ "address.gif." Duane Reade. Retrieved on December 22, 2010. "Duane Reade Inc. 440 Ninth Ave New York, NY 10001."
  17. ↑ "Corporate Information." Estée Lauder Companies. Retrieved on February 29, 2010.
  18. ↑ "Foot Locker, Inc." Foot Locker. Retrieved on January 22, 2010.
  19. ↑ "About." Frederator Studios. Retrieved on April 9, 2010.
  20. ↑ "Contact Us." Retrieved on May 22, 2011
  21. ↑ "Contact Hess." Hess Corporation. Retrieved on February 9, 2009.
  22. ↑ "Office Locations." Kroll Inc. Retrieved on August 14, 2011. "Kroll Corporate Headquarters 600 Third Avenue New York, New York 10016 United States"
  23. ↑ "Company Profile." L-3 Communications. Retrieved on March 10, 2010.
  24. ↑ "Contact Us." Marsh & McLennan Companies. Retrieved on October 4, 2009.
  25. ↑ "Company and Contact Info." Marvel Entertainment. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  26. ↑ Ramirez, Anthony. "MetLife Sells 2nd Building, A Landmark On Park Ave." The New York Times. April 2, 2005. Retrieved on August 25, 2009.
  27. ↑ "Contact." MidOcean Partners. Retrieved on March 5, 2010.
  28. ↑ "Contact Us." Morgan Stanley. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  29. ↑ "NBC Universal to sell Burbank, Calif, studio." MarketWatch. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  30. ↑ "Contact Us." The New York Times Company. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  31. ↑ "NexCen Homepage." NexCen Brands. Retrieved on February 26, 2010.
  32. ↑ "Contact Us." Pfizer. Retrieved on April 3, 2010.
  33. ↑ "Contact Us." Ralph Lauren Investor Relations. Retrieved on January 27, 2010.
  34. ↑ "Corporate Addresses." Saks Incorporated. Retrieved on March 1, 2010.
  35. ↑ "About Us." The Sharper Image. Retrieved on February 18, 2010.
  36. ↑ "Contact Us." Six Flags. Retrieved on May 6, 2009.
  37. ↑ "Contact Us." TBWA Worldwide. Retrieved on July 8, 2010. "488 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022 United States"
  38. ↑ "About Us." Thomson Reuters. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  39. ↑ "AOL Time Warner's Future Home Is Damaged by Fire; The morning blaze at the building under construction in New York spread to parts of four floors. The cause is under investigation." Los Angeles Times. April 9, 2003. Business C3. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  40. ↑ "Investor Relations Contact Us." Time Warner Cable. Retrieved on March 6, 2010.
  41. ↑ "Contact." Univision. Retrieved on August 28, 2011. "605 Third Avenue, 12th Floor New York, NY 10158"
  42. ↑ "Contact. Trump Organization" Viacom. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  43. ↑ "Contact Us." New York Institute of Finance. Retrieved on October 4, 2009.
  44. ↑ "Haier Building." Haier. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  45. ↑ "Office Network." Sumitomo Corporation. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  46. ↑ "Worldwide Offices USA." El Al. Retrieved on September 29, 2009.
  47. ↑ "Air France in the United States." Air France. June 11, 2007. 15 (15/16). Retrieved on February 13, 2010. "The Air France “United States” regional management is located in New York: 125 West 55th Street, New York, NY 10019 Tel: (212) 830–4000."
  48. ↑ "Welcome to Air France career opportunities." Air France USA. Retrieved on February 13, 2010.
  49. ↑ "FAQs." Machette Book Group. Retrieved on April 17, 2011. "Hachette Book Group Marketing Department 237 Park Avenue New York, NY 10017"
  50. ↑ "Alitalia stays in Midtown through creative deal." Real Estate Weekly. December 14, 1994. Retrieved on June 15, 2010.
  51. ↑ "Contact Us." Global Infrastructure Partners. Retrieved on February 27, 2010.
  52. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  53. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  54. ↑ World Airline Directory. Flight International. March 20, 1975. "472.
  55. ↑ Sterba, James P. "American Will Shift Headquarters From Manhattan to Dallas Airport; Big Economies Predicted." The New York Times. Thursday November 16, 1978. Page A1. Retrieved on August 27, 2009.
  56. ↑ Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Juvenile Delinquency: Comic Books. Motion Pictures. Obscene and Pornographic Materials. Television Programs. Greenwood Press, 1969. 47. Retrieved on January 25, 2011. "American Comics Group, 45 West 45th Street, New York, NY"
  57. ↑ Rice, Diana. "News notes from the field of travel; Cape Cod air service tours to Spain for honeymooners Vermont music camp currency guide trail riders ride again Griswold's country club here and there." The New York Times. April 30, 1950. Drama-Music, Fashion-Screen, Page X17. Retrieved on August 25, 2009. "American and American Overseas Airlines executive offices have moved from 100 East Forty-second Street to 100 Park Avenue"
  58. ↑ "Contact Us" at the Wayback Machine (archived March 12, 2007). Central Park Media. March 12, 2007. Retrieved on September 14, 2009.
  59. ↑ "250 West 57th Street." W&H Properties. Retrieved on September 14, 2009.
  60. ↑ Bernstein, Aaron. Grounded: Frank Lorenzo and the Destruction of Eastern Airlines. Beard Books, 1999. 22. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  61. ↑ "Company Information" at the Wayback Machine (archived June 17, 2000). GoodTimes Entertainment. June 17, 2000. Retrieved on March 15, 2010.
  62. ↑ Johnson, Doris McNeely. "Children's Toys and Books: Choosing the Best for All Ages from Infancy to Adolescence." Scribner, 1982. Unknown page. Retrieved from Google Books on July 8, 2010. ISBN 0-684-17767-6, ISBN 978-0-684-17767-0. "LJN Toys, Inc. 200 Fifth Ave. New York, NY 10010."
  63. ↑ "Corporate Directory" at the Wayback Machine (archived January 4, 2002). NewKidCo. January 4, 2002. Retrieved on July 27, 2010.
  64. ↑ Dunlap, David W. "Final Pan Am Departure." The New York Times. Friday September 4, 1992. Retrieved on August 25, 2009.
  65. ↑ "Contact Us" at the Wayback Machine (archived April 9, 2001). Philip Morris Companies. April 9, 2001. Retrieved on October 19, 2009.
  66. ↑ "Philip Morris to Move Headquarters from New York City to Richmond, Va.." New York Daily News. March 5, 2003. Retrieved on October 19, 2009.
  67. ↑ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. March 26, 1970. "Trans Caribbean" 504.
  68. ↑ World Airline Directory. Flight International. March 20, 1975. "508.
  69. ↑ "Map." Turtle Bay Association. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  70. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  71. ↑ "The Following Letter Was Sent to the Attached List of U.S. & Foreign Airline, and Travel Agency Executives." U.S. Department of Transportation. July 14, 1995. Retrieved on March 1, 2010. "122 E. 42nd St. New York, NY 10168"
  72. ↑ Wax, Alan J. "Aer Lingus moving offices to LI." Newsday. April 10, 1997. A61.
  73. ↑ "[2]." Retrieved on November 13, 2013.
  74. ↑ "[3]." Retrieved on November 13, 2013.
  75. ↑ "[4]." Retrieved on November 13, 2013.
  76. ↑ "Mid-Manhattan Library." New York Public Library. Retrieved on January 30, 2009.
  77. ↑ "58th Street Branch Library." New York Public Library. Retrieved on January 30, 2009.
  78. ↑ Midtown in Motion traffic system NY 1 News, 2011 July 19
  79. ↑ http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/mn_core/mncore_study.pdf
  80. ↑ https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/Traffic%20Data%20Report%202011.pdf
  81. ↑ "Post Office Location – JAMES A. FARLEY." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on May 5, 2009.
  82. ↑ "New York City's main post office stops 24-hour service." Associated Press. Friday April 17, 2009. Retrieved on May 5, 2009.
  83. ↑ "About PRFAA – New York Office", Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration. Retrieved on July 18, 20139.
  84. ↑ Consular/Travel information. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  85. ↑ Home page. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  86. ↑ Consulates in the United States. Retrieved on January 31, 2009.
  87. ↑ Address, Contact, Hours. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  88. ↑ Ireland in New York. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  89. ↑ Consular Department. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  90. ↑ Contact Us. Retrieved on January 30, 2009.
  91. ↑ Location/Hours/Contact. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  92. ↑ Home. Retrieved on January 28, 2009.
  93. ↑ Home Page. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  94. ↑ Home. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  95. ↑ Ministry addresses in the U.S. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  96. ↑ Singapore Consulate in New York Mission Homepage. Retrieved on January 28, 2009.
  97. ↑ Home Page. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  98. ↑ New York. UK in the USA. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.
  99. ↑ Ukrainian Consul, home page. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  100. ↑ Taiwan Embassy. Retrieved on January 25, 2009.

External links

  • Media related to Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. at Wikimedia Commons
  • Manhattan/Midtown travel guide from Wikivoyage

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