Përmet

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Përmet
Municipality
Permet from Leuse.jpg
Përmet is located in Albania
Përmet
Përmet
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country  Albania
County Gjirokastër
Government
 • Mayor Niko Shupuli (DP)
Area
 • Municipality 601.95 km2 (232.41 sq mi)
Elevation 246 m (807 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Municipality 10,614
 • Municipality density 18/km2 (46/sq mi)
 • Administrative Unit 5,945
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal Code 6401
Area Code 0813
Vehicle registration PR
Website http://permeti-jone.com/

Përmet (Greek: Πρεμετή, Premeti[1][2]) is a municipality in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. It was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Çarçovë, Frashër, Përmet, Petran and Qendër Piskovë, that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Përmet.[3] The total population is 10,614 (2011 census), in a total area of 601.95 km2. The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 5,945. It is flanked by the Vjosë river, which runs along the Trebeshinë-Dhëmbel-Nemërçkë mountain chain, between Trebeshinë and Dhëmbel mountains, and through the Këlcyrë Gorge.

History

15th century

In 15th century Përmet came under Ottoman rule and became first a kaza of the sanjak of Gjirokastër and later of the Sanjak of Ioannina.[4][5]

18th century

In 1778, a Greek school was established and financed by the local Orthodox Church and the diaspora of the town.[6]

19th century

After a successful revolt in 1833 the Ottoman Empire replaced Ottoman officials in the town with local Albanian ones and proclaimed a general amnesty for all those who had been involved in the uprising.[4][verification needed] The artisans of the kaza of Përmet held the monopoly in the trade of opinga in the vilayets of Shkodër and Janina until 1841, when that privilege was revoked under the Tanzimat reforms.[7] In 1882 Greek education was expanded with the foundation of a Greek girls' school subsidized by members of the local diaspora that lived in Constantinople, as well as the Greek national benefactor, Konstantinos Zappas.[6] The first Albanian-language school of the town was founded in the beginning of 1890 by Llukë Papavrami, a teacher from Hotovë, who had the endorsement of Naim Frasheri.[8][9] A great contribution for the Albanian school was given by philanthropists Pano Duro and Stathaq Duka. Duro financed until 1896 the salaries of five teachers, whereas Stathaq Duka bequeathed in 1886 scholarships for studies in the schools of Jurisprudence and Medicine.[9] Later, the Ottoman authorities forbade Muslim pupils to attend it and the school was eventually banned.[citation needed] In 1909 during the Second Constitutional Era the authorities allowed Albanian language to be taught in the local madrasah.[10] In 1919, Përmet had 40 Greek schools, 45 Greek teachers, and 1,189 Greek scholars.[11] It was a kaza centre as "Premedi" in Ergiri sanjak of Yanya Vilayet till 1912.

20th century

In February 1913 during the First Balkan War, units of the advacing 3rd Division of the Greek Army entered the town without facing Ottoman resistance.[12] In 1914, Përmet became part of the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus, which struggled against annexation of the region to the Albanian state.[13] During the Greco-Italian War, on December 4, 1940, the town came under the control of the advancing forces of the Greek II Army Corps.[14] Përmet returned to Axis control in April 1941. In May 1944 the National Liberation Movement held in the town the congress, which elected the provisional government of Albania.[15] During the Communist era Përmet held the title of the Hero City.

In August 2013, demonstrations took place[16] by the local Orthodox community as a result of the confiscation of the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin and the forcible removal of the clergy and of religious artifacts from the temple, by the state authorities.[17][18] The Cathedral was allegedly not fully returned to the Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania after the restoration of Democracy in the country.[19] The incident provoked reactions by the Orthodox Church of Albania and also trigerred diplomatic intervention from Greece.[18][20]

Demographics

The total population is 10,614 (2011 census), in a total area of 601.95 km2.[21] The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 5,945.[22]

Demographic history

  • 1921: A 1921[verification needed] document has the population divided by 12,780 Orthodox and 12,173 Muslims, a total of 25,043.[23] Greek was spoken as a first language in few parts of the district.[23] The northern part of the kaza was inhabited by Muslims.[24]
  • 1918–19: According to Greece Before the Conference (1919), the kaza (Ottoman district) of Premeti had 15,138 Muslims, 10,823 Greeks, 888 Others; a total of 26,849.[25]
  • 1913: According to Mary Edith Durham, writing on 3 September 1913, the district of "Premeti" was "purely Albanian".[26]
  • 1904: According to German state archives, in 1904, the district of Premeti had 8,000 inhabitants, all Albanians, divided by 5,000 Muslims and 3,000 Christians.[27]

Culture

Përmet is known for its cuisine, particularly the many different types of jam (reçel) and kompot (komposto), and the production of local wine and raki.[28]

Sports

Përmet is also home to the football club SK Përmeti

Gallery

  • Katiu Ottoman Bridge, nearby Hotsprings of Benja, and Lengarica River Canyon in the distance

  • Lengarica Canyon

  • VjosaBeiÇarshovë.JPG

    Vjosa River and Mt. Nemercka along SH75 near Përmet

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Law nr. 115/2014
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 History of the Albanian people p. 85
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ History of the Albanian people pp. 45–6
  8. ↑ [Qemal Haxhihasani, “Kërkime dhe Vëzhgime Folklorike në rrethin e Përmetit”, Buletin I Universitetit Shtetëror të Tiranës seria Shkencat Shoqërore Nr. 2, V. 1959 f. 121.]
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Nuri Dragoj TREVA E PËRMETIT NË PERIUDHËN E VITEVE 1912-1944 pXIII
  10. ↑ Academy of Sciences of Albania, History of the Albanian people p.401
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ John Carr. The Defence and Fall of Greece 1940-1941, p. 90
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Interactive map administrative territorial reform
  22. ↑ 2011 census results
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Kondis 1994, p. 42
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Sources

  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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External links

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