Rand McNally

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Rand McNally
Private
Industry publishing, education, travel, transportation
Founded 1856 (1856) in Chicago, Illinois, United States
Founders William Rand
Andrew McNally
Headquarters Skokie, Illinois, United States
Key people
 Stephen A. Fletcher
CEO
Products maps, atlases, software
Owner Patriarch Partners
Website www.randmcnally.com

Rand McNally is an American publishing company of maps, atlases, textbooks, and globes for travel, reference, commercial, and educational uses. It also provides online consumer street maps and directions, as well as commercial transportation routing software and mileage data. The company is headquartered in the Chicago suburb of Skokie, Illinois with a distribution center in Richmond, Kentucky.

History

Early history

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Title page of the 1879 Business Atlas

In 1856, William Rand opened a printing shop in Chicago and two years later hired a newly arrived Irish immigrant, Andrew McNally, to work in his shop. The shop did big business with the forerunner of the Chicago Tribune, and in 1859 Rand and McNally were hired to run the Tribune's entire printing operation. In 1868, the two men formally established Rand McNally & Co. and bought the Tribune's printing business. The company initially focused on printing tickets and timetables for Chicago's booming railroad industry, and the following year supplemented that business by publishing complete railroad guides. In 1870, the company expanded into printing business directories and an illustrated newspaper, the People's Weekly. According to company lore, during the Great Chicago Fire in 1871, Rand McNally quickly had two of the company's printing machines buried in a sandy beach of Lake Michigan, and the company was up and running again only a few days later.

The very first Rand McNally map, created using a new cost-saving wax engraving method, appeared in the December 1872 edition of its Railroad Guide. Rand McNally became an incorporated business in 1873, with Rand as its president and McNally as vice president. The Business Atlas, containing maps and data pertinent to business planning, was first published in 1876. The atlas is still updated today, now titled the Commercial Atlas & Marketing Guide. The Trade Book department was established in 1877, publishing such titles as The Locust Plague in the United States. Rand McNally began publishing educational maps in 1880 with its first line of maps, globes, and geography textbooks, soon followed by a world atlas. The company began publishing general literature in 1884 with its first title, The Secret of Success, and the Textbook department was established in 1894 with The Rand McNally Primary School Geography. Also in 1894, the company opened an office in New York City headed by Caleb S. Hammond, who later started his own map company, C. S. Hammond & Co..

Rand McNally published its first road map, the New Automobile Road Map of New York City & Vicinity, in 1904. In 1910, the company acquired the line of Photo-Auto Guides from G.S. Chapin, which provided photographs of routes and intersections with directions. Andrew McNally II (son of Frederick McNally) personally took photos on his honeymoon for the Chicago-to-Milwaukee edition. The company continued to expand its book publishing business, with best-selling children's books such as The Real Mother Goose in 1916 and Kon-Tiki in 1950.

File:LA2-NSRW-1-0148.jpg
A Rand McNally map appended to the 1914 edition of The New Student's Reference Work.

Rand McNally was the first major map publisher to embrace a system of numbered highways. One of its cartographers, John Brink, invented a system that was first published in 1917 on a map of Peoria, Illinois. In addition to creating maps with numbered roads, Rand McNally also erected many of the actual roadside highway signs. This system was subsequently adopted by state and federal highway authorities. The oil industry quickly developed an interest in road maps, enticing Americans to explore and consume more gasoline. In 1920, Rand McNally began publishing road maps for the Gulf Oil Company, to be freely distributed at its service stations. By 1930, Rand McNally had two major road map competitors, General Drafting and Gousha, the latter of which was founded by a former Rand McNally sales representative. The Rand McNally Auto Chum, later to become the ubiquitous Rand McNally Road Atlas, debuted in 1924. The first full-color edition was published in 1960 and in 1993, it became fully digitized.

Later history

The Goode's School Atlas, named for its first editor, Dr. J. Paul Goode, was published in 1923. It became a standard text for high school and college geography curricula. Later retitled Goode's World Atlas, it is now in its 22nd edition. The first Rand McNally Travel Store was opened in New York City in 1937. In the 1990s it became a chain with 29 locations, but by 2005 all were closed as a cost-saving measure.

Rand McNally moved its headquarters from Chicago to suburban Skokie, Illinois in 1952. The company opened its Versailles, Kentucky, book publishing plant in 1962 with 300,000 square feet (28,000 m2) and 23 employees. In 1994, the plant was the first to implement a new Kodak computer-to-plate printing system.[1] When the plant was sold in 1997, it was over 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m2) and employed 1,255 people.

In 1961, because the company was not satisfied with the ability of existing map projections to create intuitive depictions of the entire world, they commissioned Dr. Arthur H. Robinson to develop what became known as the Robinson projection, which became very popular and was used extensively for constructing maps of the entire world.[2] Rand McNally began creating maps digitally in 1982.

In 1989, Rand McNally donated its extensive collection of maps to the Newberry Library. Now in possession of Gousha's archives as well, Rand McNally donated that map archive to the Newberry in late 2002.[3]

With a string of acquisitions and growth throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Rand McNally employed over 4,000 people in four business groups.[4] The company had been majority-owned by the McNally family since 1899, but by 1997 the family had decided to divest its interest.

Ownership

Rand McNally's new corporate headquarters in Skokie, Illinois

Rand McNally has always been a privately held or "pink sheet" company, with stock held by very few parties and very thinly traded.[5] When Rand retired in 1899, he sold his shares in the company to McNally and the other company officers. The McNally family was the majority owner for nearly 100 years, from 1899 until 1997, at which time the family decided to divest its majority stake. The company was sold piecemeal; in January 1997, the company announced it was selling its Book Services Group, which employed 1,700 people in Versailles, Kentucky and Taunton, Massachusetts, to World Color Press for $155 million.[6] In February 1997, the DocuSystems Group, which printed airline tickets and luggage tags at its Nashville facility, was sold to Code Hennessy & Simmons, a Chicago-based private equity firm.[7][8] In April 1997, the Media Services Group, which employed 350 people with offices in Nashville, Tennessee; Fremont, California; Shannon, Ireland; and the Asia-Pacific region, was sold to McQueen Ltd., a Scottish software company.[9]

The sole remaining group, publishing, represented the core mapmaking business of the company. In November 1997, the McNally family completed its divestiture by selling its majority ownership to AEA Investors for a reported $500 million.[10] Much of the purchase price was leveraged, meaning the company took on significant debt hedging on future earnings. AEA intended to capitalize on Rand McNally's brand recognition by bringing digital mapping to the masses and attracting public investors during the dot-com boom. However, the company fell behind the technology curve of upstarts such as MapQuest and fell further into debt.[11] AEA's stake in the company was acquired by Leonard Green & Partners through a prepackaged Chapter 11 restructuring deal on January 15, 2003.[10] In December 2007, Patriarch Partners, which had previously been a minority owner, bought shares owned by Leonard Green and other minority owners to become the sole owner of Rand McNally.

Facilities

Rand McNally's former corporate headquarters in Skokie. The building was sold to Ida Crown Jewish Academy.

Rand McNally had been headquartered in Chicago since its inception. Its 1899 headquarters on West Adams Street was the world's first all-steel-framed skyscraper.

By the 1950s, its Chicago area workforce had grown to over 1,000 employees and larger facilities were needed.[12] In 1952, it opened a new 283,008 sq ft (26,292 m2) building in suburban Skokie, bringing corporate offices, printing, and distribution operations under one roof. Over the ensuing decades, however, printing and distribution operations relocated, eventually resulting in the underutilization of the aging Skokie building. It was sold in February 2008 to Ida Crown Jewish Academy for $11 million,[13][14] and the approximately 200 current employees relocated in January 2009 to an office building near Skokie's Old Orchard Mall.[15][16]

The Irvine, California facilities from the acquisition of Thomas Bros. Maps in 1997 closed in 2010.[17]

Rand McNally sold its Canadian subsidiary, located in Markham, Ontario, on 30 June 2008 to the newly formed Canadian Cartographics Corporation.[18]

Presidents and CEOs

William Rand founded his print shop in 1856 and Rand, McNally & Co. was formally established in 1868. The company was incorporated in 1873 with Rand as the first president and McNally vice-president. When Rand retired in 1899, Andrew McNally assumed the role of president until his death in 1904. Andrew's son, Frederick McNally, became president upon his father's death, just as the age of the automobile was beginning. When Frederick McNally died in 1907, his sister's husband, Harry Beach Clow, became president. Andrew McNally II took over in 1933. He and his heirs, Andrew McNally III and IV, successively served as president until 1993.

  1. 1873–1899: William Rand
  2. 1899–1904: Andrew McNally
  3. 1904–1907: Frederick McNally (Andrew's son)
  4. 1907–1933: Harry Beach Clow (Andrew's son-in-law)[19]
  5. 1933–1948: Andrew McNally II (Andrew's grandson)
  6. 1948–1974: Andrew McNally III (Andrew's great-grandson)
  7. 1974–1993: Andrew McNally IV (Andrew's great-great-grandson)
  8. 1993–1997: John S. Bakalar (former Rand McNally CFO)[20]
  9. 1997–1999: Henry J. Feinberg (former head of Rand McNally Publishing Group)[21]
  10. 1999–2000: Richard J. Davis (former executive at RR Donnelley and GeoSystems, forerunners of MapQuest)[22]
  11. 2000–2001: Norman E. Wells, Jr. (former Rand McNally COO)[23]
  12. 2001–2003: Michael Hehir (former head of McGraw-Hill Ventures)[24]
  13. 2003–2008: Robert S. Apatoff (former head of Allstate marketing)[25][26]
  14. 2008–2009: Andrzej Wrobel (Patriarch Partners IT Platform Managing Director)[16]
  15. 2009–Nov 2013: Dave Muscatel
  16. Dec 2013–Present: Stephen Fletcher

Acquisitions

Rand McNally has made many acquisitions over the years to consolidate the crowded map publishing industry or to extend its capabilities in new markets.

  • 1980 – Transportation Data Management (TDM) – Makers of transportation mileage and routing software that continues to be used for Rand's commercial trucking products.[27]
  • 1984 – Denoyer-Geppert – Assets of the school map and globe publisher were assimilated into Rand's education product line.[27]
  • 1988 – Champion Map – Rand continued to use its facilities in Daytona Beach, Florida, until 2001. All Champion Map products had disappeared, but in 2007 Rand began using the brand on street maps for selected small markets.
  • 1992 – Nicholstone Holdings – Subsidiary companies (Nicholstone Software Services, Nicholstone Looseleaf, and Nicholstone Bindery) were folded into Rand's Book Services Group, extending its printing and binding businesses and adding capabilities for manufacturing, packaging, and distributing computer software and documentation.[28]
  • 1993 – Allmaps Canada – Became a wholly owned subsidiary company, Rand McNally Canada, and was subsequently sold to Canadian Cartographics Corporation in 2008. Under contract from Rand McNally, CCC will continue to create Canadian products under the Rand McNally name and distribute U.S. products to the Canadian market.[18][27]
  • 1996 – Gousha – One of Rand McNally's longtime rivals, its 82 employees unexpectedly found their Comfort, Texas, building locked on the morning of April 18 with a note taped to the door stating that the company had been purchased by Rand McNally and all their jobs had been eliminated.[29] Gousha's entire product line was discontinued.
  • 1998 – Thomas Bros. Maps – The prominent Southern California mapmaker best known for its ubiquitous Thomas Guide.[30] Rand McNally continues to brand its street guide products as "The Thomas Guide" in western U.S. markets.
  • 1999 – King of the Road – Regional map publisher and distributor based in the Pacific Northwest, which had a previous partnership with Thomas Bros.[31] King of the Road titles are no longer available.
  • 2004 – Perly's – Maker of street maps for Toronto, Ontario and the surrounding areas; sold as part of Rand McNally Canada in 2008.[18]

Street guide/Streetfinder products

List of Street Guide Products
Title State Name Edition Existed Status
Akron Ohio 2008 Existing
Akron & Canton Ohio 2007 Defunct
Akron/Canton Ohio 2002–04 Defunct
Alameda & Contra Costa Counties California 1990 Defunct
Albuquerque & Santa Fe New Mexico 2003– Defunct
Albuquerque & Vicinity New Mexico 1993 Defunct
Albuquerque, Santa Fe/Taos New Mexico 2000–01 Defunct
Allentown & Bethlehem Pennsylvania 2009– Existing
Anchorage Alaska 2009– Existing
Asheville/Hendersonville/Waynesville North Carolina 2009 Defunct
Atlanta Georgia 2003– Defunct
Atlanta & Vicinity Georgia 1992–96, 05- Existing
Atlanta North Georgia 2006 Defunct
Atlanta Regional Georgia 2000–03 Defunct
Atlanta South Georgia 2006 Defunct
Augusta Georgia 2004–07 Existing
Austin Texas 1991, 97, 03- Existing
Austin & Vicinity Texas 1994–95, 98–99 Defunct
Baton Rouge Louisiana 2006–09 Defunct
Baton Rouge & Vicinity Louisiana 2003 Defunct
Berks County Pennsylvania 2003–04 Defunct
Birmingham Alabama 1991, 08 Defunct
Birmingham & Jefferson County Alabama 2005 Defunct
Boston Massachusetts 2000–02, 07 Defunct
Boston, Eastern Massachusetts Massachusetts 2000–05 Defunct
Boston & Eastern Massachusetts Massachusetts 2007 Defunct
Boston & Vicinity Massachusetts 1991-00 Defunct
Boston Metro Massachusetts 2010 Proposed
Boulder/Longmont Colorado 2007–08 Defunct
Brevard County Florida 1998-07 Defunct
Broward County Florida 2004–09 Defunct
Bucks & Montgomery Counties Pennsylvania 2005 Defunct
Bucks County Pennsylvania 2003–04 Defunct
Buffalo/Niagara New York 2006– Existing
Buffalo/Niagara Frontier New York 2004 Defunct
Buffalo & Rochester New York 2009 Defunct
Buffalo & Vicinity New York 1993 Defunct
Canton Ohio 2008 Existing
Cape Cod Massachusetts 2003 Defunct
Cape Cod & Southern Massachusetts Massachusetts 2000–02 Defunct
Charlotte/Gastonia/Concord North Carolina 2002–09 Defunct
Charlotte/Mecklenburg North Carolina 1997 Defunct
Chattanooga Tennessee 2003–06 Defunct
Chattanooga Tennessee 2001–02 Defunct
Chicago & Cook County Illinois 1998– Existing
Chicago 6-County Illinois −03 Defunct
Chicago 7-County Illinois 2004– Existing
Cincinnati Ohio 2004 Defunct
Cleveland Ohio 2001–10 Defunct
Cleveland & Vicinity Ohio 1991 Defunct
Colorado Springs, Pueblo Colorado 2000–08 Defunct
Columbia South Carolina 1989 Defunct
Columbus Ohio 2008 Existing
Columbus & Vicinity Ohio 1998 Defunct
Corpus Christi Texas 2008 Defunct
Dallas Texas 2006–09 Defunct
Dallas & Vicinity Texas 1994 Defunct
Dallas/Fort Worth Texas 2004 Defunct
Dallas, Fort Worth Texas 2006 Defunct
Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex Texas 2007– Existing
Dallas/Fort Worth & Vicinity Texas 1999-00 Defunct
Dayton Ohio 2000–08 Defunct
Daytona Beach Florida 2003–06 Defunct
Denver Colorado 1998-03 Defunct
Denver Metro Colorado 2005– Existing
Denver Metro Area Colorado 1994 Defunct
Denver Regional Colorado 2002–08 Defunct
Denver Regional Area Colorado 2001 Defunct
Detroit & Ann Arbor Michigan 2008 Defunct
Detroit & Vicinity Michigan 1994 Defunct
Detroit & Wayne County Michigan 2003–06 Defunct
Detroit Metro Michigan 2004– Existing
Detroit Tri-Counties Michigan 1998 Defunct
Detroit Tri-County & Vicinity Michigan 2003 Defunct
Dupage & Kane Counties Illinois 1991– Existing
El Paso Texas 2004–10 Defunct
Fairfield & Vicinity Connecticut 1994 Defunct
Fairfield County Connecticut 2000–01 Defunct
Fairfield, Litchfield & New Haven Counties Connecticut 2004 Defunct
Fayetteville, Springdale & Rogers Arkansas 2008 Defunct
Flagler & Volusia Counties Florida 2009– Existing
Fort Wayne Indiana 2004–06 Defunct
Fort Worth Texas 2004–09 Defunct
Fort Worth & Tarrant County Texas 1993 Defunct
Fort Worth & Vicinity Texas 1994 Defunct
Grand Rapids Michigan 2008 Defunct
Greater Cincinnati Ohio 2006– Existing
Greater Charleston South Carolina 1999-08 Defunct
Greater Hartford Connecticut 2007– Existing
Greater Kansas City Missouri 2000–08 Defunct
Greater Philadelphia Pennsylvania 2009– Existing
Greater Richmond Virginia 2009 Defunct
Greater Rochester New York 2006 Defunct
Greater St. Louis Missouri 2009– Existing
Greensboro/Winston-Salem/High Point North Carolina 2000-09 Defunct
Greenville and Spartanburg South Carolina 2008– Existing
Hampton Roads Virginia 2006 Defunct
Harrisburg, York & Lancaster Pennsylvania 2008 Defunct
Hartford Connecticut 1994, 07 Defunct
Hartford, Middlesex & New Haven Counties Connecticut 2004– Existing
Hartford County Connecticut 1999-04 Defunct
Houston Texas 2006– Existing
Houston & Vicinity Texas 1995–98 Defunct
Houston/Galveston Texas 2003–05 Defunct
Houston/Galveston & Vicinity Texas 2002 Defunct
Hudson Valley New York 2009– Existing
Hudson, Union, Essex, & Morris Counties New Jersey 1991 Defunct
Huntsville Alabama 2006 Defunct
Huntsville & Decatur Alabama 2009 Defunct
Indianapolis Indiana 2003– Existing
Jacksonville & Duval County Florida 1999-01, 05 Defunct
Jacksonville, Duval County Florida 2003 Defunct
Jacksonville & St. Augustine Florida 2007–10 Defunct
Joliet, Aurora & Naperville Illinois 2008 Defunct
Kansas City Missouri 2010– Existing
Knoxville Tennessee 2005–08 Defunct
Lake & McHenry Counties Illinois 1999–09 Defunct
Lake & Sumter Counties Florida 2007– Existing
Las Vegas & Vicinity Nevada 1997 Defunct
Lee & Collier Counties Florida 1999-07 Defunct
Lehigh & Northampton Counties Pennsylvania 2003–05 Defunct
Lexington and the Bluegrass Region Kentucky 2007 Existing
Little Rock & Pulaski County Arkansas 2005 Defunct
Little Rock & Vicinity Arkansas 1999-00 Defunct
Long Island New York 2006–09 Defunct
Los Angeles/Orange Counties California 1998 Defunct
Los Angeles Metro & Orange County California 1991 Defunct
Louisville & Vicinity Kentucky 2003 Defunct
Louisville Metro Kentucky 2007 Existing
Madison Wisconsin 2004–10 Defunct
Manatee, Sarasota & Charlotte Counties Florida 2009 Existing
Memphis Tennessee 1995-08 Defunct
Miami & Vicinity Florida 1990 Existing
Miami-Dade, Broward & Palm Beach Counties Florida 2003– Existing
Miami-Dade County Florida 2004–09 Defunct
Milwaukee Wisconsin 2003– Existing
Milwaukee & Vicinity Wisconsin 2000-0? Defunct
Milwaukee Metro Wisconsin 1991 Defunct
Minneapolis/St. Paul & Vicinity Minnesota 1994 Defunct
Mississippi Gulf Coast Mississippi 2007– Existing
Mobile & Vicinity Alabama 2001 Defunct
Montgomery County Pennsylvania 2003–04 Defunct
Morris, Essex, Union & Hudson Counties New Jersey 2006 Defunct
Nashville Tennessee 2000– Existing
Nashville & Vicinity Tennessee 1997-9? Defunct
New London Connecticut 2007– Existing
New London, Tolland & Windham Counties Connecticut 2004– Defunct
New Orleans Louisiana 2005– Existing
New Orleans & Vicinity Louisiana 2004 Defunct
New York City New York 1997 Defunct
New York City, 5 Borough New York 1992, 07–09 Defunct
New York City, 5 Boroughs New York 2003–05 Defunct
Northeast Connecticut Connecticut 1999-00 Defunct
Northern Colorado Colorado 2000–08 Defunct
Northern Virginia Virginia 1990–92 Defunct
Northwest Connecticut Connecticut 1995-00 Defunct
O'ahu Hawaii 2005 Defunct
O'ahu Island Hawaii 2002 Defunct
Oakland & Macomb Counties Michigan 2003–08 Defunct
Oklahoma City Oklahoma 2004–10 Defunct
Omaha Nebraska 2005–08 Defunct
Omaha & Council Bluffs Nebraska 2000–01 Defunct
Orlando Florida 2004– Existing
Orlando & Vicinity Florida 1994-00 Defunct
Palm Beach County Florida 2000–09 Defunct
Pasco County Florida 1988, 07- Existing
Pensacola Florida 2003–10 Defunct
Polk County Florida 2002–09 Defunct
Philadelphia Pennsylvania 2003–05 Defunct
Philadelphia 5-County Pennsylvania 2003– Existing
Phoenix Arizona 1990 Defunct
Pikes Peak Region Colorado 1991 Defunct
Pinellas County Florida 1992 Defunct
Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 1989, 06- Existing
Pittsburgh & Alleghany County Pennsylvania 1998-05 Defunct
Pittsburgh & Vicinity Pennsylvania 1993-9? Defunct
Portland & Vicinity Oregon 1998 Defunct
Quad Cities Illinois & Iowa  ? Existing
Raleigh/Durham/Chapel Hill North Carolina 2000–06 Defunct
Raleigh/Wake County North Carolina 1998 Defunct
Reading Pennsylvania 2009 Existing
Rhode Island Rhode Island 2003–06 Defunct
Richmond & Vicinity Virginia 1990, 05 Defunct
Rio Grande Valley Texas 2008– Existing
Rochester & Vicinity New York 1997-03 Defunct
Scranton & Wilkes-Barre Pennsylvania 2009– Existing
St. Louis Missouri 1988, 04–08 Defunct
St. Louis & Vicinity Missouri 2003 Defunct
St. Petersburg Florida 1998-07 Defunct
Salt Lake City Utah 1994, 01–02, 06- Existing
Salt Lake City & Vicinity Utah 1999-00, 03 Defunct
San Antonio Texas 2002– Existing
San Antonio & Vicinity Texas 1991–98 Defunct
San Diego California 1994 Defunct
San Franscisco & Vicinity California 1998–99 Defunct
San Franscisco and Peninsula Cities California 1988 Defunct
Santa Clara County California 1990 Defunct
Sarasota/Bradenton Florida 2000–01 Defunct
Savannah Georgia 2005 Defunct
Savannah and Hilton Head Island Georgia 2008 Defunct
Shreveport, Caddo Parish Louisiana 1999-00 Defunct
Shreveport & Caddo Parish Louisiana 2005–08 Defunct
South Bend/Elkhart, Michiana Indiana 2004–07 Defunct
South Bend with Elkhart and Michiana Indiana 2010 Defunct
Southeast Connecticut Connecticut 1999-00 Defunct
Southern Massachusetts Massachusetts 2005–07 Defunct
Southwest Connecticut Connecticut 2007– Existing
Tacoma & Vicinity Washington 1998 Defunct
Tallahassee Florida 1999-06 Defunct
Tampa Florida 2005–07 Defunct
Tampa, Hillsborough County Florida 2003–04 Defunct
Tampa/St. Petersburg Florida 2002– Existing
Texas Mid-Cities Texas 1991 Defunct
Tidewater, Virginia Peninsula Virginia 2003 Defunct
Toledo/Bowling Green Ohio 2000–05 Defunct
Toledo & Lucas County Ohio 2008– Existing
Tulsa Oklahoma 2008– Existing
Tulsa & Vicinity Oklahoma 2005 Defunct
West Texas Texas 2004 Defunct
Westchester, Putnam Counties New York 2006– Existing
Wichita Kansas 2005 Defunct
Wichita & Sedgewick County Kansas 2009 Defunct
Wichita, Sedgewick & Harvey Counties Kansas 2000–01 Defunct
Will & Kendall Counties Illinois 2004–07 Defunct
Worcester, Central Massachusetts Massachusetts 2002 Defunct
Worcester & Central Massachusetts Massachusetts 2009 Defunct
Youngstown Ohio 2008 Existing

See also

Notes

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  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

References

External links

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