Rufus King, Jr.

For other people named Rufus King, see Rufus King (disambiguation).

Rufus King, Jr.
File:Rufus King, Jr.jpg King after the American Civil War
Born	(1838-03-21)March 21, 1838 New York City, New York
Died
Allegiance	United States of America Union
Service/branch	United States Army Union Army
Years of service	1861 - 1871
Rank	Brevet Major
Unit	7th New York Militia 4th US Artillery Regiment
Battles/wars	American Civil War
Awards	Medal of Honor

Rufus King, Jr. (March 21, 1838 – March 18, 1900) was an artillery officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and a Medal of Honor recipient.

Family

Born in New York City, Rufus King, Jr., was the son of Rufus King, a graduate of the United States Military Academy, Class of 1833, and brigadier general during the Civil War, and the brother of Charles King, who was a military commander in the Philippine-American War. His great-grandfather was Rufus King, who was one of the signers of the United States Constitution

Military career

The younger King entered the army as a private in Company F, 7th New York Militia, serving a three-month enlistment from April to June 1861. He acquired a direct commission as a first lieutenant in the regular U.S. Army, and was assigned to the 4th U.S. Artillery, on August 5, 1861. He served in the Army of the Potomac throughout the war, eventually commanding (from 1864) Battery A, 4th U.S. Artillery, in the famed U.S. Horse Artillery Brigade. Lieutenant King was awarded one brevet promotion (to captain) for his bravery during the Seven Days Battles, in actions at the Battle of White Oak Swamp, on June 30, 1862. During that fight, King ranked only as a section chief, but took command of combined Batteries A & C, 4th U.S. Artillery, when his commander was wounded.

At the end of the war, King was breveted major for conduct during the war, but would have to wait until 1869 to receive his permanent promotion to captain.

King designed an unsuccessful disappearing gun carriage known as King's Depression Carriage in the late 1860s. This used a counterweight to allow a 15-inch (381 mm) Rodman gun to be moved up and down a swiveling ramp, so the weapon could be reloaded, elevated, and traversed behind cover. It was not adopted. Part of a test installation at Fort Foote, Maryland remains.

King was a Veteran companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States and an hereditary companion of the Military Order of Foreign Wars.

He died in New York on March 18, 1900. His Burial Place: Evergreen Cemetery and Crematory, Hillside, Union County, New Jersey, Plot: 42-Lawn Plot, Map 5.

The Medal of Honor

King during the American Civil War

On March 22, 1898, the United States Army finally awarded King the Medal of Honor for his actions at White Oak Swamp.

Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, 4th U.S. Artillery. Place and date: At White Oak Swamp Bridge, Va., June 30, 1862. Entered service at: New York. Birth: New York. Date of issue: April 2, 1898.

Citation:

This officer, when his captain was wounded, succeeded to the command of two batteries while engaged against a superior force of the enemy and fought his guns most gallantly until compelled to retire.

See also

• List of Medal of Honor recipients
• List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G–L

References

• Heitman, Francis B. Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, From its Organization, September 29, 1789 to March 2, 1903. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1903.
• U.S. War Department. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1894.