Takhar Province

This article is about the province in Afghanistan. For other uses, see Takhar (disambiguation).

Takhar تخار
Province
View from atop a hill in Khawajah Bahawuddin, Takhar Province, Afghanistan.
Map of Afghanistan with Takhar highlighted
Country	Afghanistan
Capital	Taloqan
Government
• Governor	Qari Mohammad Ismail Turkman
• Deputy Governor	Haji Kazim
• Police Chief	Habibullah Shakir
Area
• Total	12,333 km2 (4,762 sq mi)
Population (2021)
• Total	1,113,173
• Density	90/km2 (230/sq mi)
Time zone	Afghanistan Time (UTC+4:30)
Main languages	Uzbek language and Dari
Website	http://takhar.gov.af/en/
Persian language

Takhar (Dari | Farsi/Pashto: تخار) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northeast of the country next to Tajikistan. It is surrounded by Badakhshan in the east, Panjshir in the south, and Baghlan and Kunduz in the west. The city of Taloqan serves as its capital.

The province contains 17 districts, over 1,000 villages, and approximately 1,113,173 people, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society.

The city was attacked during the 2021 Taliban offensive (which coincided with the withdrawal of United States troops).

On May 2, 2021, PiramQul Ziayi, the most influential anti-Taliban figure in Takhar, was assassinated in Rustaq district.[1]

Following the fall of several districts of Takhar to the Taliban [2], on June 20, 2021, a group of Takhar elders Including Mohibullah Noori one of Takhar elders and Ashraf Ani a member of Parliament announced at a press conference in Kabul that they will send a group to mobilize people resistant in support of security forces in Takhar. Mohibullah Noori led the group entered the Taloqan City on June 26, 2021 and united the Takhar commanders to resist against Taliban.[3]

The Taliban tried to take the city in July 2021, however the attack was repulsed. later During Taliban offensive Haji Agha Gul was killed by Taliban and Khair Mohammad Teymour injured and all forces, including provincial officials, retreated to the Versaj district. On August 8, 2021, the Taliban gained control of the province during the 2021 Taliban offensive. However, National Resistance Front fighters have still maintained a presence in the province.

History

Further information: History of Afghanistan

Early history

Main article: Kushan Empire

7th to 16th centuries

Main article: Muslim conquests of Afghanistan

16th to 20th centuries

Between the early 16th century and the mid-18th century, the territory was ruled by the Khanate of Bukhara.

It was given to Ahmad Shah Durrani by Murad Beg of Bukhara after a treaty of friendship was reached in or about 1750, and became part of the Durrani Empire. It was ruled by the Durranis followed by the Barakzai dynasty and was untouched by the British during the three Anglo-Afghan wars that were fought in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

1964–2001

It was established in 1964 when Qataghan Province was divided into three provinces: Baghlan, Kunduz and Takhar. During the 1980s Soviet–Afghan War, the area fell under the influence of Rabbani and Ahmad Shah Massoud. It was controlled by the Northern Alliance in the 1990s. It experienced some fighting between the Northern Alliance and the Taliban forces. Takhar holds notoriety as the location where Mujahideen Commander Ahmad Shah Massoud was assassinated on 9 September 2001 by suspected al-Qaeda agents.

2001–2015

International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) took over security responsibility of the area in the early 2000s, which was led by Germany. The province also began to see some developments and the establishment of Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF). In a small incident in July 2008, the Afghan National Police killed Mullah Usman when several armed Taliban militants under his command raided a police checkpoint in the Kalafgan district. This was the first time since the fall of Taliban regime in 2001 that the Taliban insurgents engaged police in this province. Mullah Usman was the most senior Taliban commander in the northeast region of Afghanistan, according to the Afghan Interior Ministry.

In May 2009, Taliban insurgents fighting Afghan government attacked the Baharak district in Takhar province. A bomb attack on 28 May 2011 killed General Shahjahan Noori, Mohammed Daud Daud and injured Governor Taqwa. Several German soldiers and Afghans were also killed.

In April 2012, the water supply at the Rostaq district's school for girls was poisoned by unknown insurgents, sickening at least 140 Afghan schoolgirls and teachers ranging in age from 14 to 30, causing them to be hospitalized and some to partially lose consciousness, though there have been no deaths so far.

2015 earthquake

On 26 October, the 7.5 Mw Hindu Kush earthquake shook northern Afghanistan with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). This earthquake destroyed almost 30,000 homes, left several hundred dead, and more than 1,700 injured.

Demographics

Further information: Demography of Afghanistan

Ethnolinguistic groups in Afghanistan

File:Takhar District Map.png

Districts of Takhar

As of 2021, the total population of the province is about 1,113,173 which is mostly tribal and a rural society. The main inhabitants of Takhar province are Uzbeks, Tajiks and few Pashtuns.

District information

Districts of Takhar Province

District	Capital	Population	Area	Number of villages and ethnic groups
Baharak		35,552	231 km2	74 villages 80% Tajik 20% Uzbek.
Bangi		40,419	566 km2	59 villages 90% Tajik.
Chah Ab		91,767	764 km2	63 villages 85% Tajik.
Chal		32,443	330.8 km2	58 villages. Uzbek, Tajik.
Darqad		30,956	393 km2	34 villages 85% Uzbeks.
Dashti Qala		36,769	280 km2	49 villages 85% uzbek
Farkhar		53,998	1,214 km2	75 villages 99% Tajik.
Hazar Sumuch		15,816	309 km2	28 villages Uzbeks.
Ishkamish		67,860	806 km2	103 villages majority Uzbeks
Kalafgan		40,554	479 km2	42 villages 95% Uzbeks.
Khwaja Bahauddin		26,765	178.2 km2	25 villages Uzbek, Tajik, Pashtun.
Khwaja Ghar		77,516	402 km2	62 villages 80% Tajik.
Namak Ab		14,058	584 km2	28 villages 50% Tajik 50% Uzbek.
Rustaq		189,495	1,939 km2	179 villages Majority Uzbek.
Taluqan	Taluqan	263,800		Majority Uzbek.
Warsaj		43,663	2705.3 km2	94 villages Majority Tajik.
Yangi Qala		51,742	247 km2	64 villages 85% Uzbeks.

Economy

Further information: Economy of Afghanistan

Agriculture and mining are the main industries of the province. Takhar has coal reserves of fairly good quality which are being exploited by hand in some villages and sold in the region. The local population considers gold the most relevant resource for the Province. Gold is being washed in Takhar River, and about 2 kg are being transported to the specific weekly markets in the city of Taloqan. Also the city is a main source of construction materials like: loam, sand, and different types of stones. Takhar province is known for its salt mountains and you can find large deposits of fine salt in the region. The Takcha Khanna salt mine is one of the growing number of salt supplier, for the population of Takhar and northern Afghanistan. While the mines offer economic opportunities in the region, the availability of iodized salt considerably reduces the prevalence of health problems related to iodine deficiency.

See also

• Tokharistan
• Taloqan

External links

• Naval Postgraduate School - Takhar Province
• Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development - Takhar Province
• Defense Video & Imagery Distribution System - Takhar Province
• Takhar (pictures of Takhar province)