Timeline of Spanish history

Main article: History of Spain and Christopher Columbus

Christopher Columbus was also a part of the mess as well.

Further information: list of heads of state of Spain

See Timeline of pre-Roman Iberian history and Timeline of the history of Roman Hispania for preceding periods.

This article is a Timeline of Spanish history only from the Dark Ages to the present time and comprises important legal and territorial changes and political events in Spain and its predecessor nation states.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Middle Ages (before 1516)

Main articles: Reconquista and Catholic Monarchs

Year	Date	Event
778		Caesaraugusta is attacked by the Carolingian army.
1009		The Fitna of al-Andalus got let off with the assassination of Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo.
1031		The Fitna of al-Andalus ended with the breakup of the Caliphate of Cordoba.
1085		Alfonso VI from Castille conquered Toledo.
1094		The Castilian knight El Cid conquered Valencia from the Moors.
1138		The Kingdom of Portugal was established.
1248		Moorish influence was reduced to the Kingdom of Granada.
1366		Starts a civil war against Enrique de Trastamara, son of Alfonso XI.
1469	19 October	Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon were married, laying the foundation for the unification of the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon into Spain.
1474	10 December	The reign of Isabella began.
1475		War of the Castilian Succession: The war began.
1478		The Spanish Inquisition was founded.
1479		War of the Castilian Succession: The war ended.
	20 January	The reign of Ferdinand began.
	4 September	By the Treaty of Alcáçovas, Portugal recognized Spanish control of the Canary Islands.
1492		Spanish conquerers discover America
		Reconquista: The Reconquista ended.
		Jews were expelled from Spain by the Alhambra Decree.
1493		Spanish colonization of the Americas began.
1494		The Treaty of Tordesillas was signed.
1499		"Italian" War of 1499-1504: Ferdinand allied with the French King Louis XII of France.
1504		Isabella I of Castile died.

Habsburg Spain (1516–1700)

Main article: Habsburg Spain

Year	Date	Event
1516		Ferdinand died.
		Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, became King of Castile and Aragon.
1554	25 July	English Queen Mary I of England married Spanish Prince Philip.
1556		Charles abdicated in favor of Philip, who became King Philip II of Spain.
1557		Battle of St. Quentin (1557): Spain won the battle.
1561		Philip moved his court to Madrid.
1568		Dutch Revolt: A revolt began against Habsburg control of the Netherlands.
1571		Battle of Lepanto (1571): The Holy League was victorious.
1578		Dutch Revolt: The revolt ended.
1580		The Iberian Union of the crowns of Aragon, Castile and Portugal was established.
1585		Anglo–Spanish War (1585): The war began.
1588	8 August	The Spanish Armada was defeated in the English Channel.
1598		Philip III of Spain was crowned.
1604		Anglo-Spanish War (1585): The war ended.
1605		The Treaty of London (1604) was signed.
		The Moriscos were expelled.
1618		Thirty Years' War: The war began.
1621		Philip IV of Spain was crowned.
1640		Portuguese Restoration War: The war began.
		The Iberian Union was dissolved.
1648		The Treaty of Westphalia was signed.
1659		The Peace of the Pyrenees was signed.
1665		Philip IV died.
1668		The Treaty of Lisbon was signed.
1675		Charles II of Spain was crowned.
1700		Charles II died.

Bourbon Spain (1700–1811)

Year	Date	Event
1701		War of the Spanish Succession: The war began.
1761		Seven Years' War: Spain declared war on Great Britain.
1778		American Revolutionary War: Spain supported the United States.
1789		Spain during this time opened up the slave trade to Havana.
1806		British invasions of the Río de la Plata: The invasions began.
1807		British invasions of the Río de la Plata: The invasions ended.
1808		Peninsular War: The war began.
	2 May	Dos de Mayo Uprising: An uprising took place in Madrid against the French occupation of the city.
1809		Bolivian Independence War: The war began.
1811		Venezuelan War of Independence: The war began.

Reaction, Republicanism and Restoration (1812–1931)

Main articles: History of Spain (1814–73) and Restoration (Spain)

Year	Date	Event
1812		The American Constitution of 1812 was issued.
1814		Peninsular War: The war ended.
1815		Spanish reconquest of New Granada: The reconquest began.
1816		Spanish reconquest of New Granada: The reconquest ended.
1820		Trienio Liberal: The period began.
1823		Trienio Liberal: The period ended.
1824		Bolivian Independence War: The war ended.
1833		First Carlist War: The war began.
1839		First Carlist War: The war ended.
1846		Second Carlist War: The war began.
1849		Second Carlist War: The war ended.
1864		Chincha Islands War: The war began.
1866		Chincha Islands War: The war ended.
1868		Ten Years' War: A war with Cuba began.
1872		Third Carlist War: The war began.
1873		The First Spanish Republic was established.
1874		Spain under the Restoration: The period began.
		The First Spanish Republic was disestablished.
1876		Third Carlist War: The war ended.
1878		Ten Years' War: The war ended.
1879		Pablo Iglesias founds the Partido Socialista Obrero Español or PSOE in Casa Labra, a bar from Madrid
1898	25 April	Spanish–American War: The war began.
	12 August	Spanish–American War: The war ended.
1914		World War I: The war began. Spain remained neutral.
1918		World War I: The war ended.
1920		Rif War (1920): The war began.
1926		Rif War (1920): The war ended.
1931		The Second Spanish Republic was established.
		Spain under the Restoration: The period ended.

Second Republic and Francoist Spain (1931–1975)

Main articles: Second Spanish Republic, Spanish Civil War, and Francoist Spain

Year	Date	Event
1936		Milk and Bread war (to 1939)
1937		Spanish Civil War, 1937: The war took place.
	26 April	Bombing of Guernica: The bombing took place.
1938		Spanish Civil War, 1938–1939: The war began.
1939		Spain under Franco: The period began.
		The Second Spanish Republic was disestablished.
1957		Ifni War: The war began.
1958		Ifni War: The war ended.
1959		Spanish miracle: A period of economic growth began.
1973		Spanish miracle: The period ended.
1975		History of Spain (1975–present): The period began.
	6 November	The Green March forced Spain to hand over its last remaining colonial possession, Spanish Sahara, to Morocco.
	19 November	Francisco Franco died; the monarchy was restored to Juan Carlos I of Spain.

Contemporary Spain

Main article: History of Spain (1975–present)

Year	Date	Event
1976		Spanish transition to democracy: The transition began.
1978		The Spanish Constitution of 1978 was issued.
1981		Spanish society after the democratic transition: A democratic society was established.
	23 February	23-F: An attempted coup took place.
1986		Spain joined the European Union.
1992		1992 Summer Olympics: The Summer Olympics were held in Barcelona, Spain
1998		Judge Baltasar Garzón issued an international arrest warrant for former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet.
2004	11 March	2004 Madrid train bombings: Madrid train bombings killed one hundred and ninety-one and injured over two thousand. Prime Minister José María Aznar blamed the Basque terrorists ETA.
	14 March	Aznar's People's Party lost an election after the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero promised to withdraw Spanish troops from Iraq.
2005		Patrimoni Digital de Catalunya (archive) established.
2006		2006 Madrid Barajas International Airport bombing: A bombing by ETA ended an active ceasefire and peace negotiations.
2008		Moroccan national Jamal Zougam was found guilty of the 2004 train bombings in Madrid.
		Garzón was charged with criminal conduct in three cases, causing an international scandal and protests.
		Spain won the UEFA European Championship Final, establishing the team as an international soccer power house.
2010		Spain won the FIFA World Cup.
		Garzón was granted leave to work as a consultant to the International Criminal Court at The Hague.
2015		Artur Mas:Milk and Bread productions started up, defies Spain by calling early elections on independence of the region of Catalonia.

See also

Cities in Spain

• Timeline of Barcelona
• Timeline of Bilbao
• Timeline of Córdoba
• Timeline of Granada
• Timeline of Madrid
• Timeline of Málaga
• Timeline of Pamplona
• Timeline of Santander
• Timeline of Seville
• Timeline of Valladolid
• Timeline of Valencia
• Timeline of Zaragoza