Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
1950 |
Short Code |
William F Schmidt, Albert B. Tonik,[3] J.R. Logan |
Brief Code |
1950 |
Birkbeck Assembler |
Kathleen Booth |
ARC |
1951 |
Superplan |
Heinz Rutishauser |
Plankalkül |
1951 |
ALGAE |
Edward A Voorhees and Karl Balke |
* |
1951 |
Intermediate Programming Language |
Arthur Burks |
Short Code |
1951 |
Regional Assembly Language |
Maurice Wilkes |
EDSAC |
1951 |
Boehm unnamed coding system |
Corrado Böhm |
CPC Coding scheme |
1951 |
Klammerausdrücke |
Konrad Zuse |
Plankalkül |
1951 |
OMNIBAC Symbolic Assembler |
Charles Katz |
Short Code |
1951 |
Stanislaus (Notation) |
Fritz Bauer |
* |
1951 |
Whirlwind assembler |
Charles Adams and Jack Gilmore at MIT Project Whirlwind |
EDSAC |
1951 |
Rochester assembler |
Nat Rochester |
EDSAC |
1951 |
Sort Merge Generator |
Betty Holberton |
* |
1952 |
A-0 |
Grace Hopper |
Short Code |
1952 |
Glennie Autocode |
Alick Glennie after Alan Turing |
CPC Coding scheme |
1952 |
Editing Generator |
Milly Koss |
SORT/MERGE |
1952 |
COMPOOL |
RAND/SDC |
* |
1953 |
Speedcoding |
John W. Backus |
* |
1953 |
READ/PRINT |
Don Harroff, James Fishman, George Ryckman |
* |
1954 |
Laning and Zierler system |
Laning, Zierler, Adams at MIT Project Whirlwind |
* |
1954 |
Mark I Autocode |
Tony Brooker |
Glennie Autocode |
1954–55 |
Fortran (concept) |
Team led by John W. Backus at IBM |
Speedcoding |
1954 |
ARITH-MATIC |
Team led by Grace Hopper at UNIVAC |
A-0 |
1954 |
MATH-MATIC |
Team led by Charles Katz |
A-0 |
1954 |
MATRIX MATH |
H G Kahrimanian |
* |
1954 |
IPL I (concept) |
Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert A. Simon |
* |
1955 |
FLOW-MATIC |
Team led by Grace Hopper at UNIVAC |
A-0 |
1955 |
BACAIC |
M. Grems and R. Porter |
|
1955 |
PACT I |
SHARE |
FORTRAN, A-2 |
1955 |
Freiburger Code[4][5] |
University of Freiburg |
N/A |
1955–56 |
Sequentielle Formelübersetzung |
Fritz Bauer and Karl Samelson |
Boehm |
1955–56 |
IT |
Team led by Alan Perlis |
Laning and Zierler |
1955 |
PRINT |
IBM |
|
1958 |
IPL II (implementation) |
Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert A. Simon |
IPL I |
1956–58 |
LISP (concept) |
John McCarthy |
IPL |
1957 |
COMTRAN |
Bob Bemer |
FLOW-MATIC |
1957 |
GEORGE |
Charles Leonard Hamblin |
* |
1957 |
Fortran I (implementation) |
John W. Backus at IBM |
FORTRAN |
1957–58 |
UNICODE |
Remington Rand UNIVAC |
MATH-MATIC |
1957 |
COMIT (concept) |
|
* |
1958 |
Fortran II |
Team led by John W. Backus at IBM |
FORTRAN I |
1958 |
ALGOL 58 (IAL) |
ACM/GAMM |
FORTRAN, IT, Sequentielle Formelübersetzung |
1958 |
IPL V |
Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert A. Simon |
IPL II |
1959 |
FACT |
Fletcher R. Jones, Roy Nutt, Robert L. Patrick |
* |
1959 |
COBOL (concept) |
The CODASYL Committee |
FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN, FACT |
1959 |
JOVIAL |
Jules Schwartz at SDC |
ALGOL 58 |
1959 |
LISP (implementation) |
John McCarthy |
IPL |
1959 |
MAD – Michigan Algorithm Decoder |
Bruce Arden, Bernard Galler, and Robert M. Graham |
ALGOL 58 |
1959 |
TRAC (concept) |
Calvin Mooers |
|
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
1960 |
ALGOL 60 |
|
ALGOL 58 |
1960 |
COBOL 61 (implementation) |
The CODASYL Committee |
FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN |
1961 |
COMIT (implementation) |
|
* |
1962 |
FORTRAN IV |
IBM |
FORTRAN II |
1962 |
APL (concept) |
Kenneth E. Iverson |
* |
1962 |
Simula (concept) |
|
ALGOL 60 |
1962 |
SNOBOL |
Ralph Griswold, et al. |
FORTRAN II, COMIT |
1963 |
CPL |
Barron, Christopher Strachey, et al. |
ALGOL 60 |
1963 |
SNOBOL3 |
Griswold, et al. |
SNOBOL |
1963 |
ALGOL 68 (concept) |
Adriaan van Wijngaarden, et al. |
ALGOL 60 |
1963 |
JOSS I |
Cliff Shaw, RAND |
ALGOL 58 |
1964 |
MIMIC |
H. E. Petersen, et al. |
MIDAS |
1964 |
COWSEL |
Rod Burstall, Robin Popplestone |
CPL, LISP |
1964 |
PL/I (concept) |
IBM |
ALGOL 60, COBOL, FORTRAN |
1964 |
BASIC |
John George Kemeny and Thomas Eugene Kurtz at Dartmouth College |
FORTRAN II, JOSS |
1964 |
IBM RPG |
IBM |
FARGO |
1964 |
Mark-IV |
Informatics |
|
1964 |
Speakeasy-2 |
Stanley Cohen at Argonne National Laboratory |
Speakeasy |
1964 |
TRAC (implementation) |
Calvin Mooers |
|
1964 |
P′′ |
Corrado Böhm |
* |
1964? |
IITRAN |
|
1965 |
RPG II |
IBM |
FARGO, RPG |
1965 |
MAD/I (concept) |
University of Michigan |
MAD, ALGOL 60, PL/I |
1965 |
TELCOMP |
BBN |
JOSS |
1965 |
Atlas Autocode |
Tony Brooker, Derrick Morris at Manchester University |
Algol 60, Autocode |
1966 |
JOSS II |
Chuck Baker, RAND |
JOSS I |
1966 |
ALGOL W |
Niklaus Wirth, C. A. R. Hoare |
ALGOL 60 |
1966 |
FORTRAN 66 |
|
FORTRAN IV |
1966 |
ISWIM (Concept) |
Peter J. Landin |
LISP |
1966 |
CORAL66 |
|
ALGOL 60 |
1966 |
APL (implementation)[6] |
Kenneth E. Iverson |
* |
1967 |
BCPL |
Martin Richards |
CPL |
1967 |
MUMPS |
Massachusetts General Hospital |
FORTRAN, TELCOMP |
1967 |
Simula 67 (implementation) |
Ole-Johan Dahl, Bjørn Myhrhaug, Kristen Nygaard at Norsk Regnesentral |
ALGOL 60 |
1967 |
InterLisp |
D.G. Bobrow and D.L. Murphy |
Lisp |
1967 |
SNOBOL4 |
Ralph Griswold, et al. |
SNOBOL3 |
1967 |
XPL |
William McKeeman, et al. at University of California Santa Cruz, California
J. J. Horning, et al. at Stanford University |
PL/I |
1967 |
Space Programming Language (SPL) |
System Development Corporation |
JOVIAL |
1968 |
ALGOL 68 (UNESCO/IFIP standard) |
Adriaan van Wijngaarden, Barry J. Mailloux, John E. L. Peck and Cornelis H. A. Koster, et al. |
ALGOL 60 |
1968 |
POP-1 |
Rod Burstall, Robin Popplestone |
COWSEL |
1968 |
DIBOL-8 |
DEC |
DIBOL |
1968 |
Forth (concept) |
Moore |
|
1968 |
LOGO |
Seymour Papert |
LISP |
1968 |
MAPPER |
Unisys |
CRT RPS |
1968 |
REFAL (implementation) |
Valentin Turchin |
* |
1968 |
TTM (implementation) |
Steven Caine and E. Kent Gordon, California Institute of Technology |
GAP, GPM |
1968 |
PILOT |
John Amsden Starkweather, University of California, San Francisco |
Computest |
1969 |
PL/I (implementation) |
IBM |
ALGOL 60, COBOL, FORTRAN |
1969 |
B |
Ken Thompson, with contributions from Dennis Ritchie |
BCPL |
1969 |
PPL |
Thomas A. Standish at Harvard University |
|
1969 |
SETL |
Jack Schwartz at Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences |
|
1969 |
TUTOR |
Paul Tenczar & University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign |
|
1969 |
Edinburgh IMP |
Edinburgh University |
Algol 60, Autocode, Atlas Autocode |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
1970? |
Forth (implementation) |
Charles H. Moore |
|
1970 |
POP-2 |
|
POP-1 |
1970 |
Pascal |
Niklaus Wirth, Kathleen Jensen |
ALGOL 60, ALGOL W |
1970 |
BLISS |
Wulf, Russell, Habermann at Carnegie Mellon University |
ALGOL |
1971 |
KRL |
Daniel G. Bobrow at Xerox PARC, Terry Winograd at Stanford University |
KM, FRL (MIT) |
1971 |
Sue |
Ric Holt et al. at University of Toronto |
Pascal, XPL |
1971 |
CDL |
Cornelis H.A. Koster at University of Nijmegen |
|
1972 |
Smalltalk |
Daniel Henry Holmes Ingalls, Jr., Xerox PARC |
Simula 67 |
1972 |
PL/M |
Gary Kildall at Digital Research |
PL/I, ALGOL, XPL |
1972 |
C |
Dennis Ritchie |
B, BCPL, ALGOL 68 |
1972 |
INTERCAL |
Don Woods and James M. Lyon |
* |
1972 |
Prolog |
Alain Colmerauer |
2-level W-Grammar |
1972 |
SQL aka structured query language |
IBM |
ALPHA, Quel (Ingres) |
1973 |
COMAL |
Børge Christensen, Benedict Løfstedt |
Pascal, BASIC |
1973 |
ML |
Robin Milner |
|
1973 |
LIS |
Jean Ichbiah et al. at CII Honeywell Bull |
Pascal, Sue |
1973 |
Speakeasy-3 |
Stanley Cohen, Steven Pieper at Argonne National Laboratory |
Speakeasy-2 |
1974 |
CLU |
Barbara Liskov |
ALGOL 60, Lisp, Simula |
1974 |
GRASS |
Thomas A. DeFanti |
BASIC |
1974 |
BASIC FOUR |
MAI BASIC Four Inc. |
Business BASIC |
1974 |
PROSE modeling language |
CDC 6600 Cybernet Services |
SLANG, FORTRAN |
1975 |
ABC |
Leo Geurts and Lambert Meertens |
SETL |
1975 |
Irvine Dataflow (concept) |
Arvind?, University of California, Irvine |
|
1975 |
PROSE modeling language Time-Sharing Version |
CDC 6400 Cybernet KRONOS Services |
SLANG, FORTRAN |
1975 |
Scheme |
Gerald Jay Sussman, Guy L. Steele, Jr. |
LISP |
1975 |
Altair BASIC |
Bill Gates, Paul Allen |
BASIC |
1975 |
CS-4 |
James S. Miller, Benjamin M. Brosgol et al. at Intermetrics |
ALGOL 68, BLISS, ECL, HAL |
1975 |
Modula |
Niklaus Wirth |
Pascal |
1976 |
Plus |
Allan Ballard, Paul Whaley at the University of British Columbia |
Pascal, Sue |
1976 |
Smalltalk-76 |
Xerox PARC |
Smalltalk-72 |
1976 |
Mesa |
Xerox PARC |
ALGOL |
1976 |
SAM76 |
Claude A.R. Kagan |
LISP, TRAC |
1976 |
Ratfor |
Brian Kernighan |
C, FORTRAN |
1976 |
S |
John Chambers at Bell Labs |
APL, PPL, Scheme |
1976 |
SAS |
SAS Institute |
|
1977 |
FP |
John Backus |
* |
1977 |
Bourne Shell (sh) |
Stephen R. Bourne |
* |
1977 |
Commodore BASIC |
Jack Tramiel |
Licensed from Microsoft |
1977 |
IDL |
David Stern of Research Systems Inc |
Fortran |
1977 |
Standard MUMPS |
|
MUMPS |
1977 |
Icon (concept) |
Ralph Griswold |
SNOBOL |
1977 |
Red |
Benjamin M. Brosgol et al. at Intermetrics for US Dept of Defense |
ALGOL 68, CS-4 |
1977 |
Blue |
John B. Goodenough et al. at SofTech for US Dept of Defense |
ALGOL 68 |
1977 |
Yellow |
Jay Spitzen et al. at SRI International for US Dept of Defense |
ALGOL 68 |
1978 |
C shell |
Bill Joy |
C |
1978 |
RPG III |
IBM |
FARGO, RPG, RPG II |
1978 |
HAL/S |
designed by Intermetrics for NASA |
XPL |
1975 |
Irvine Dataflow (implementation) |
Arvind and Gostelow, University of California, Irvine |
|
1978? |
MATLAB |
Cleve Moler at the University of New Mexico |
Fortran |
1978? |
SMALL |
Nevil Brownlee at the University of Auckland |
Algol60 |
1978 |
VisiCalc |
Dan Bricklin, Bob Frankston marketed by VisiCorp |
* |
1979 |
Modula-2 |
Niklaus Wirth |
Modula, Mesa |
1979 |
REXX |
Mike Cowlishaw at IBM |
PL/I, BASIC, EXEC 2 |
1979 |
AWK |
Alfred Aho, Peter J. Weinberger, Brian Kernighan |
C, SNOBOL |
1979 |
Icon (implementation) |
Ralph Griswold |
SNOBOL |
1979 |
Vulcan dBase-II |
Wayne Ratliff |
* |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
1980 |
Ada 80 (MIL-STD-1815) |
Jean Ichbiah at CII Honeywell Bull |
Green |
1980 |
C with classes |
Bjarne Stroustrup[7] |
C, Simula 67 |
1980–81 |
CBASIC |
Gordon Eubanks |
BASIC, Compiler Systems, Digital Research |
1981 |
BBC BASIC |
Acorn Computers, Sophie Wilson |
BASIC |
1981 |
IBM BASICA |
Microsoft |
BASIC |
1982? |
Speakeasy-IV |
Stanley Cohen, et al. at Speakeasy Computing Corporation |
Speakeasy-3 |
1982? |
Draco |
Chris Gray |
Pascal, C, ALGOL 68 |
1982 |
PostScript |
Warnock |
InterPress |
1983 |
GW-BASIC |
Microsoft |
IBM BASICA |
1983 |
Turbo Pascal |
Hejlsberg at Borland |
Pascal |
1983 |
Ada 83 (ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A) |
Jean Ichbiah at Alsys |
Ada 80, Green |
1983 |
Objective-C |
Brad Cox |
Smalltalk, C |
1983 |
C++ |
Bjarne Stroustrup |
C with Classes |
1983 |
True BASIC |
John George Kemeny, Thomas Eugene Kurtz at Dartmouth College |
BASIC |
1983 |
occam |
David May |
EPL |
1983? |
ABAP |
SAP AG |
COBOL |
1983 |
Korn Shell (ksh) |
David Korn |
sh |
1984 |
CLIPPER |
Nantucket |
dBase |
1984 |
Common Lisp |
Guy L. Steele, Jr. and many others |
LISP |
1984? |
GOM – Good Old Mad |
Don Boettner, University of Michigan |
MAD |
1984 |
RPL |
Hewlett-Packard |
Forth, Lisp |
1984 |
Standard ML |
|
ML |
1984 |
Redcode |
Alexander Dewdney and D.G. Jones |
|
1984 |
OPL |
PSION |
BASIC |
1985 |
PARADOX |
Borland |
dBase |
1985 |
QuickBASIC |
Microsoft |
BASIC |
1986 |
CorVision |
Cortex |
INFORM |
1986 |
Eiffel |
Bertrand Meyer |
Simula 67, Ada |
1986 |
GFA BASIC |
Frank Ostrowski |
BASIC |
1986 |
Informix-4GL |
Informix |
|
1986 |
LabVIEW |
National Instruments |
|
1986 |
Miranda |
David Turner at University of Kent |
|
1986 |
Object Pascal |
Apple Computer Inc. |
Pascal |
1986 |
PROMAL |
|
C |
1987 |
Ada ISO 8652:1987 |
ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A unchanged |
Ada 83 |
1987 |
Self (concept) |
Sun Microsystems Inc. |
Smalltalk |
1987 |
occam 2 |
David May and INMOS |
occam |
1987 |
HyperTalk |
Apple Computer Inc. |
* |
1987 |
Perl |
Larry Wall |
C, sed, awk, sh |
1987 |
Oberon |
Niklaus Wirth |
Modula-2 |
1987 |
Erlang |
Joe Armstrong and others in Ericsson |
Prolog |
1987 |
Mathematica (Wolfram Language) |
Wolfram Research |
* |
1987 |
Turbo Basic |
Robert 'Bob' Zale |
BASIC/Z |
1987 |
Clean |
Software Technology Research Group of Radboud University Nijmegen |
* |
1988 |
RPG/400 |
IBM |
FARGO, RPG, RPG II, RPG III |
1988 |
Octave |
|
MATLAB |
1988 |
Tcl |
John Ousterhout |
Awk, Lisp |
1988 |
STOS BASIC |
François Lionet and Constantin Sotiropoulos |
BASIC |
1988 |
Object REXX |
Simon C. Nash |
REXX, Smalltalk |
1988 |
SPARK |
Bernard A. Carré |
Ada |
1988 |
A+ |
Arthur Whitney |
APL |
1988 |
Hamilton C shell |
Nicole Hamilton |
C shell |
1989 |
Turbo Pascal OOP |
Anders Hejlsberg at Borland |
Turbo Pascal, Object Pascal |
1989 |
Modula-3 |
Cardeli, et al. DEC and Olivetti |
Modula-2 |
1989 |
PowerBASIC |
Robert 'Bob' Zale |
Turbo Basic |
1989 |
VisSim |
Peter Darnell, Visual Solutions |
|
1989 |
LPC |
Lars Pensjö |
|
1989 |
Bash |
Brian Fox |
Bourne shell, C shell, Korn shell |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
1990 |
AMOS BASIC |
François Lionet and Constantin Sotiropoulos |
STOS BASIC |
1990 |
AMPL |
Robert Fourer, David Gay and Brian Kernighan at Bell Laboratories |
|
1990 |
Object Oberon |
H Mössenböck, J Templ, R Griesemer |
Oberon |
1990 |
J |
Kenneth E. Iverson, Roger Hui at Iverson Software |
APL, FP |
1990 |
Haskell |
|
Miranda |
1990 |
EuLisp |
|
Common Lisp, Scheme |
1990 |
Z Shell (zsh) |
Paul Falstad at Princeton University |
ksh |
1991 |
GNU E |
David J. DeWitt, Michael J. Carey |
C++ |
1991 |
Oberon-2 |
Hanspeter Mössenböck, Wirth |
Object Oberon |
1991 |
Python |
Guido van Rossum |
ABC, ALGOL 68, Icon, Modula-3 |
1991 |
Oz |
Gert Smolka and his students |
Prolog |
1991 |
Q |
Albert Gräf |
|
1991 |
Visual Basic |
Alan Cooper, sold to Microsoft |
QuickBASIC |
1992 |
Borland Pascal |
|
Turbo Pascal OOP |
1992 |
Dylan |
many people at Apple Computer Inc. |
Common Lisp, Scheme |
1993? |
Self (implementation) |
Sun Microsystems Inc. |
Smalltalk |
1993 |
Amiga E |
Wouter van Oortmerssen |
DEX, C, Modula-2 |
1993 |
Brainfuck |
Urban Müller |
P′′ |
1993 |
Revolution Transcript |
|
HyperTalk |
1993 |
AppleScript |
Apple Computer Inc. |
HyperTalk |
1993 |
K |
Arthur Whitney |
APL, Lisp |
1993 |
Lua |
Roberto Ierusalimschy et al. at Tecgraf, PUC-Rio |
Scheme, SNOBOL, Modula, CLU, C++ |
1993 |
R |
Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka |
S |
1993 |
ZPL |
Chamberlain et al. at University of Washington |
C |
1993 |
NewtonScript |
Walter Smith |
Self, Dylan |
1994 |
Claire |
Yves Caseau |
Smalltalk, SETL, OPS5, Lisp, ML, C, LORE, LAURE |
1994 |
ANSI Common Lisp |
|
Common Lisp |
1994 |
RAPID |
ABB Group |
ARLA |
1994 |
Pike |
Fredrik Hübinette et al. at Linköping University |
LPC, C, µLPC |
1994 |
ANS Forth |
Elizabeth Rather, et al. |
Forth |
1995 |
Ada 95 |
S. Tucker Taft, et al. at Intermetrics, Inc. |
Ada 83 |
1995 |
Borland Delphi |
Anders Hejlsberg at Borland |
Borland Pascal |
1995 |
ColdFusion (CFML) |
Allaire |
|
1995 |
Java |
James Gosling at Sun Microsystems |
C, Simula 67, C++, Smalltalk, Ada 83, Objective-C, Mesa |
1995 |
LiveScript |
Brendan Eich at Netscape |
Self, C, Scheme |
1995 |
Mercury |
Zoltan Somogyi at University of Melbourne |
Prolog, Hope, Haskell |
1995 |
PHP |
Rasmus Lerdorf |
Perl |
1995 |
Ruby |
Yukihiro Matsumoto |
Smalltalk, Perl |
1995 |
JavaScript |
Brendan Eich at Netscape |
LiveScript |
1996 |
Curl |
David Kranz, Steve Ward, Chris Terman at MIT |
Lisp, C++, Tcl/Tk, TeX, HTML |
1996 |
Lasso |
Blue World Communications Inc. |
|
1996 |
Perl Data Language (PDL) |
Karl Glazebrook, Jarle Brinchmann, Tuomas Lukka, and Christian Soeller |
APL, Perl |
1996 |
OCaml |
INRIA |
Caml Light, Standard ML |
1996 |
NetRexx |
Mike Cowlishaw |
REXX |
1997 |
Component Pascal |
Oberon microsystems, Inc |
Oberon-2 |
1997 |
E |
Mark S. Miller |
Joule, Original-E |
1997 |
Pico |
Free University of Brussels |
Scheme |
1997 |
Squeak Smalltalk |
Alan Kay, et al. at Apple Computer Inc. |
Smalltalk-80, Self |
1997 |
ECMAScript |
ECMA TC39-TG1 |
JavaScript |
1997 |
F-Script |
Philippe Mougin |
Smalltalk, APL, Objective-C |
1997 |
ISLISP |
ISO Standard ISLISP |
Common Lisp |
1997 |
Tea |
Jorge Nunes |
Java, Scheme, Tcl |
1997 |
REBOL |
Carl Sassenrath, Rebol Technologies |
Self, Forth, Lisp, Logo |
1998 |
Standard C++ |
ANSI/ISO Standard C++ |
C++, Standard C, C |
1998 |
M2001 |
Ronald E. Prather, Trinity University (Texas) |
* |
1998 |
Pikt |
Robert Osterlund (then at University of Chicago) |
AWK, Perl, Unix shell |
1998 |
PureBasic |
Frederic Laboureur, Fantaisie Software |
|
1998 |
UnrealScript |
Tim Sweeney at Epic Games |
C++, Java |
1999 |
XSLT (+ XPath) |
W3C, James Clark |
DSSSL |
1999 |
Game Maker Language (GML) |
Mark Overmars |
Game Maker |
1999 |
Harbour |
Antonio Linares |
dBase |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
2000 |
Join Java |
G Stewart von Itzstein |
Java |
2000 |
ActionScript |
Gary Grossman |
ECMAScript |
2000 |
Joy |
Manfred von Thun |
FP, Forth |
2000 |
D |
Walter Bright, Digital Mars |
C, C++, C#, Java |
2000 |
XL |
Christophe de Dinechin |
Ada, C++, Lisp |
2000 |
C# |
Anders Hejlsberg, Microsoft (ECMA) |
C, C++, Java, Delphi, Modula-2 |
2000 |
Ferite |
Chris Ross |
C, C++, Java, PHP, Python, Ruby, Scheme |
2001 |
AspectJ |
Gregor Kiczales, Xerox PARC |
Java, Common Lisp |
2001 |
Processing |
Casey Reas and Benjamin Fry |
Java, C, C++[8] |
2001 |
Visual Basic .NET |
Microsoft |
Visual Basic |
2001 |
RPG IV (RPGLE, ILE RPG, RPG Free) |
IBM |
FARGO, RPG, RPG II, RPG III, RPG/400 |
2001 |
GDScript (GDS) |
OKAM Studio |
Godot |
2002 |
Io |
Steve Dekorte |
Self, NewtonScript |
2002 |
Gosu |
Guidewire Software |
GScript |
2003 |
Nemerle |
University of Wrocław |
C#, ML, MetaHaskell |
2003 |
Factor |
Slava Pestov |
Joy, Forth, Lisp |
2003 |
Falcon |
Giancarlo Niccolai |
C++, Perl, Lua, Smalltalk, PHP, Lisp, Python, Ruby |
2003 |
Scala |
Martin Odersky |
Smalltalk, Java, Haskell, Standard ML, OCaml |
2003 |
Squirrel |
Alberto Demichelis |
Lua |
2004 |
Subtext |
Jonathan Edwards |
* |
2004 |
Alma-0 |
Krzysztof Apt, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica |
* |
2004 |
Boo |
Rodrigo B. de Oliveira |
Python, C# |
2004 |
FreeBASIC |
Andre Victor |
QBasic |
2004 |
Groovy |
James Strachan |
Java |
2004 |
Little b |
Aneil Mallavarapu, Harvard Medical School, Department of Systems Biology |
Lisp |
2005 |
F# |
Don Syme, Microsoft Research |
OCaml, C#, Haskell |
2005 |
Seed7 |
Thomas Mertes |
* |
2006 |
Links |
Philip Wadler, University of Edinburgh |
Haskell |
2006 |
Cobra |
ChuckEsterbrook |
Python, C#, Eiffel, Objective-C |
2006 |
Windows PowerShell |
Microsoft |
C#, ksh, Perl, CL, DCL, SQL |
2006 |
OptimJ |
Ateji |
Java |
2007 |
Ada 2005 |
Ada Rapporteur Group |
Ada 95 |
2007 |
Fantom |
Brian Frank, Andy Frank |
C#, Scala, Ruby, Erlang |
2007 |
Scratch |
Mitchel Resnick, John Maloney, Natalie Rusk, Evelyn Eastmond, Tammy Stern, Amon Millner, Jay Silver, and Brian Silverman |
Logo, Smalltalk, Squeak, E-Toys, HyperCard, AgentSheets, StarLogo, Tweak, BYOB |
2007 |
Vala |
GNOME |
C# |
2007 |
Clojure |
Rich Hickey |
Lisp, ML, Haskell, Erlang |
2007 |
Fortress |
Guy Steele |
Scala, ML, Haskell |
2007 |
Oberon-07 |
Wirth[9] |
Oberon |
2007 |
LOLCODE |
Adam Lindsay |
* |
2008 |
Genie |
Jamie McCracken |
Python, Boo, D, Object Pascal |
2008 |
Pure |
Albert Gräf |
Q |
2009 |
Go |
Google |
C, Oberon, Limbo |
2009 |
CoffeeScript |
Jeremy Ashkenas |
JavaScript, Ruby, Python, Haskell |
2009 |
Idris |
Edwin Brady |
Haskell, Agda, Coq |
2009 |
Parasail |
S. Tucker Taft, AdaCore |
Modula, Ada, Pascal, ML |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |
2010 |
Chapel |
Brad Chamberlain, Cray Inc. |
HPF, ZPL |
2010 |
RPG Open Access |
IBM |
FARGO, RPG, RPG II, RPG III, RPG 400, RPG IV (RPGLE, ILE RPG, RPG Free) |
2010 |
Rust |
Graydon Hoare, Mozilla |
Alef, C++, Camlp4, Common Lisp, Erlang, Hermes, Limbo, Napier, Napier88, Newsqueak, NIL, Sather, Standard ML |
2011 |
Ceylon |
Gavin King, Red Hat |
Java |
2011 |
Dart |
Google |
Java, JavaScript, CoffeeScript, Go |
2011 |
Elm |
Evan Czaplicki |
Haskell, Standard ML, OCaml, F# |
2011 |
Kotlin |
JetBrains |
Java, Scala, Groovy, C#, Gosu |
2011 |
C++11 |
C++ ISO/IEC 14882:2011 |
C++, Standard C, C |
2012 |
Elixir |
José Valim |
Erlang, Ruby, Clojure |
2012 |
TypeScript |
Anders Hejlsberg, Microsoft |
JavaScript, CoffeeScript |
2012 |
Julia |
Jeff Bezanson, Stefan Karpinski, Viral Shah, Alan Edelman, MIT |
MATLAB, Lisp, C, Fortran, Mathematica[10] (strictly its Wolfram Language), Python, Perl, R, Ruby, Lua[11] |
2012 |
Ada 2012 |
ARA and Ada Europe (ISO/IEC 8652:2012) |
Ada 2005, ISO/IEC 8652:1995/Amd 1:2007 |
2013 |
Purescript |
Gary Burgess, Phil Freeman |
JavaScript, Haskell |
2014 |
Hack |
Facebook |
PHP |
2014 |
Swift |
Apple Inc. |
Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C#, CLU |
2014 |
C++14 |
C++ ISO/IEC 14882:2014 |
C++, Standard C, C |
Year |
Name |
Chief developer, Company |
Predecessor(s) |