U.S. Route 278 in South Carolina

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This article is about the section of U.S. Route 278 in South Carolina. For the entire route, see U.S. Route 278.

U.S. Route 278 marker

U.S. Route 278
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Route information
Maintained by SCDOT
Length: 146.0 mi[1] (235.0 km)
Existed: 1965 – present
Major junctions
West end: US 1 / US 25 / US 78 / US 278 / SR 10 / SR 121 at the GA state line near North Augusta
  I-520 in North Augusta
US 301 in Allendale
US 321 in Fairfax
US 601 in Hampton
US 17 in Ridgeland
I-95 in Hardeeville
East end:
US 278 Bus. in Hilton Head
Location
Counties: Aiken, Barnwell, Allendale, Hampton, Jasper, Beaufort
Highway system
← SC 277 SC 281 →

U.S. Route 278 (US 278) is an east–west United States highway that traverses through the South Carolina Lowcountry, from North Augusta to Hilton Head Island.

Route description

After crossing the Savannah River from Georgia, US 278 bypasses downtown North Augusta, South Carolina to the south en route to Beech Island and Johnson Crossroads. It then forms a de facto northern boundary of the Savannah River Site, crossing into the property on a few occasions. The route then continues eastward and then southward through the communities of Barnwell, Kline, Allendale, Fairfax, Hampton, Varnville, Ridgeland, and Hardeeville where it meets I-95. US 278 shares the route between Ridgeland and Hardeeville with US 17.

Upon reaching Hardeeville, the route heads eastward toward the Atlantic with large residential and commercial developments lining the spine of the road from Hardeeville through Okatie and Bluffton. The route crosses over Calibogue Sound onto Hilton Head Island. After a five-mile stretch in which the route is tolled, US 278 ends at US 278 Business on the southern portion of Hilton Head Island, just outside Sea Pines Plantation.

Cross Island Parkway

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Not to be confused with Cross Island Parkway in New York.

On Hilton Head Island, US 278 was previously routed along what is now US 278 Business until a new toll road, named the Cross Island Parkway opened on January 16, 1998.[2] The 6.8-mile (10.9 km) section of roadway[2] cost $83 million to build and was funded with a combination of state funds, federal funds, state highway bonds and tolls.[3]

The controlled access toll road has only one interchange along its route at Marshland Drive. It was the first toll road built in South Carolina in modern history.[2] A majority of the road users pay their tolls using Palmetto Pass, South Carolina's system for electronic toll collection. Tolls will be removed once the bonds sold to build the road are retired.[3]

The completion of the Cross Island Parkway (a direct expressway connection from the north side to the south side of the island), has caused a great amount of commercial and residential development along the road.[citation needed] Before the toll road opened, it could take one hour to travel the 12-mile (19 km) route of what was then signed as US 278 (William Hilton Parkway) during peak tourism season.[2] The Cross Island Parkway greatly relieved congestion on that road when it opened.[3]

Tolls

Cross Island Parkway Toll Plaza

Toll rates, for 2-axle vehicles, along Cross Island Parkway are $1.25 at the toll plaza and $1.00 at the Marshland Road/Spanish Wells Road interchange. Each additional axle is $1.00 (plaza and ramps). The toll plaza has both electronic toll collection (ETC) and cash lanes, which are manned 24-hours a day; Marshland Road/Spanish Wells Road interchange accept only ETC or exact change only. Those that do not have exact change or do not pay the toll have five days to contact the Cross Island Parkway Customer Service Center to make a payment; after that time, a violation notice will be mailed. Travelers that make a mistake of taking the toll road may request a "Turn Around Pass;" which gives them ten minutes to continue along the highway, turn-around at the roundabout and return the pass at the toll plaza on the return trip.[4]

Only the Palmetto Pass is accepted on the Cross Island Parkway.

History

US 278 was established, in South Carolina, in 1965, traveling from Augusta, Georgia to Hilton Head Island. Crossing the Savannah River, in concurrency with US 1/US 25/US 78/SC 121, it then overlapped with SC 125 on Atomic Road, to Beech Island. Replacing SC 28 from Beech Island to Almeda, where it then replaced SC 128, going through Ridgeland, to Old House. Replacing part of SC 462, it went south into Bluffton and then east into Hilton Head Island, replacing part of SC 46.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]

Throughout the 1980s, US 278 was widen to four-lane, in phases, east of SC 170, in Bluffton. In 1996-1997, US 278 was rerouted south of Ridgeland to Hardeeville, then east on new primary routing to SC 170, in Bluffton. Its former routing was replaced by SC 336 to Old House and SC 462 to SC 170.[17][18] In 1998, US 278 was rerouted onto new routing along the west side of Hilton Head Island; known as the Cross Island Parkway, the toll road provides quicker access to the far south end of the island. The old alignment, in Hilton Head Island, became US 278 Business.[19][20]

Junction list

County Location mi[1] km Destinations Notes
Aiken State line 0.0 0.0 US 1 south / US 25 south / US 78 west / US 278 west / SR 10 west / SR 121 south – Augusta Crosses the Savannah River; continuation into Georgia
North Augusta 0.2 0.32 5th Street Bridge / River North Drive
0.7 1.13 US 25 / SC 121 north – North Augusta, Edgefield North end of US 25 and SC 121 overlap
1.5 2.4 I-520 (Palmetto Parkway) – Augusta, Columbia, Atlanta I-520 exit 17.
Clearwater 2.3 3.7 US 1 / US 78 / SC 125 north – Aiken, North Augusta
SC 421 north (Augusta Road) – Clearwater		 East end of US 1/US 78 and north end of SC 125 overlap
Beech Island 7.2 11.6 SC 28 west (Sand Bar Ferry Road) / SC 125 south (Atomic Road) – Savannah River Site, Augusta South end of SC 125 overlap
​ 13.4 21.6 SC 302 (Silver Bluff Road) – Jackson, Aiken
New Ellenton 19.6 31.5 SC 19 – New Ellenton, Aiken, Savannah River Site
​ 28.9 46.5 SC 781 east – Williston, Charleston
Barnwell ​ 32.7 52.6 SC 39 – Williston
​ 41.0 66.0 SC 37 north – Elko, Williston
Barnwell 43.3 69.7 SC 64 west (Dunbarton Boulevard) – Savannah River Site West end of SC 64 overlap
43.6 70.2 SC 70 east (Allen Street) / Dunbarton Boulevard – Denmark
43.9 70.7 SC 64 east (Hagood Avenue) – Walterboro East end of SC 64 overlap
45.2 72.7 SC 3 north (Marlboro Avenue) – Columbia North end of SC 3 overlap
​ 46.5 74.8 SC 3 south – Sylvania South end of SC 3 overlap
​ 46.8 75.3 SC 300 south – Ulmer
Allendale Allendale 60.4 97.2 US 301 north (Burton's Ferry Highway) – Walterboro North end US 301 overlap; to USC Salkehatchie
60.7 97.7 US 301 south (Main Street) / SC 125 north (Railroad Avenue) – Savannah River Site, Augusta, Sylvania South end US 301 overlap
Fairfax 66.2 106.5 US 321 (Hampton Avenue) – Estill, Savannah, Orangeburg, Columbia To USC Salkehatchie
Hampton Hampton 75.1 120.9 SC 363 west (Shaw Drive) – Lake Warren State Park West end SC 363 overlap
75.3 121.2 US 601 north (Hoover Street) – Orangeburg North end US 601 overlap
75.9 122.1 US 601 south (First Street) – Estill, Savannah South end US 601 overlap
76.1 122.5 SC 363 east (Third Street) – Walterboro, Charleston East end SC 363 overlap
Varnville 77.9 125.4 SC 63 east (Main Street) – Walterboro
Almeda 80.1 128.9 SC 68 east (Yemassee Highway) – Yemassee
Jasper Grays 91.6 147.4 SC 3 north (Heritage Road) – Early Branch
Gillisonville 96.5 155.3 SC 462 west (Gillison Branch Road) – Pineland West end SC 462 overlap
​ 97.3 156.6 SC 462 east (Morgandollar Road) – Coosawhatchie East end SC 462 overlap
​ 102.1 164.3 SC 652 west (Calf Pen Bay Road) – Pineland
Ridgeland 106.4 171.2 US 17 north (Jacob Smart Boulevard) – Charleston North end US 17 overlap
106.6 171.6 SC 336 (Main Street) – Tillman, Beaufort, Hilton Head Island
108.9 175.3 To I-95 – Savannah, Florence
Hardeeville 119.2 191.8 US 17 south (Whyte Hardee Boulevard) – Hardeeville South end US 17 overlap
119.5 192.3 I-95 – Savannah, Florence I-95 exit 8.
​ 124.5 200.4 Argent Boulevard – Beaufort
Beaufort ​ 127.4 205.0 SC 170 (Okatie Highway) – Savannah, Beaufort To Parris Island
Bluffton 129.1 207.8 Buckwater Parkway
133.2 214.4 SC 46 west (Bluffton Road) – Bluffton
​ Bluffton Parkway Future interchange (funded)[21]
Hilton Head Island 140.8 226.6
US 278 Bus. east (William Hilton Parkway)		 To Hilton Head Airport
143.1 230.3 Marshland Road / Spanish Wells Road
143.6 231.1 Toll plaza
146.0 235.0
US 278 Bus. west (William Hilton Parkway) / Greenwood Drive / Pope Avenue		 Roundabout; to Coligny Beach
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  •       Concurrency terminus
  •       Tolled
  •       Unopened

See also

References

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External links


U.S. Route 278
Previous state:
Georgia		 South Carolina Next state:
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