Wind power in Indiana
Wind power in Indiana was limited to a few small water-pumping windmills on farms until 2008 with construction of Indiana's first utility-scale wind power facility, Goodland (phase I) with a nameplate capacity of 130 MW. As of 2012, Indiana had a total of 1543 MW of wind power capacity installed ranking it 13th among U.S. states,[1] with more under construction or in planning. The main utility-scale development to that point had been in the northwest part of the state in Benton, White, and Jasper Counties. Fowler Ridge phase III should be completed later in 2010, to give a final nameplate capacity of 750 MW, making Fowler Ridge the Midwest's largest wind farm, and one of the largest in the world. Phases II-VI at Meadow Lake, when complete, will make Meadow Lake even larger at 1000 MW.[2]
Contents
Installed capacity and wind resources
The following table compares the growth in wind power installed nameplate capacity in MW for Indiana and the entire United States since 1999.[3]
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On February 11, 2010, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory released the first comprehensive update of the wind energy potential by state since 1993, showing that Indiana had potential to install up to 148 GW of onshore wind power nameplate capacity, generating 443 TWh annually.[4][5] For comparison, Indiana consumed 106.549 TWh of electricity in 2005;[6] the entire U.S. wind power industry was producing at an annual rate of approximately 50 TWh at the end of 2008; and Three Gorges Dam (the world's largest electricity-generating station) produced an average of 80 TWh/yr in 2008 and 2009.
Indiana also has some offshore wind resources in the shallows of Lake Michigan along its shoreline.[7][8][9] However, offshore wind power development is far behind onshore development in the United States generally, because onshore development is cheaper and the United States has an abundance of suitable onshore sites to develop. Indiana has no offshore wind farms as of 2024.
Wind generation
Indiana Wind Generation (GWh, Million kWh) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Total | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sept | Oct | Nov | Dec |
2009 | 1,403 | 49 | 109 | 133 | 161 | 94 | 69 | 43 | 64 | 45 | 145 | 220 | 272 |
2010 | 2,934 | 271 | 187 | 224 | 316 | 220 | 156 | 119 | 90 | 246 | 342 | 396 | 364 |
2011 | 3,289 | 315 | 391 | 377 | 429 | 270 | 204 | 82 | 84 | 164 | 246 | 432 | 295 |
2012 | 3,163 | 416 | 307 | 374 | 386 | 212 | 185 | 113 | 94 | 162 | 324 | 234 | 357 |
Wind farms
The following table of wind farms and utility-scale wind power developments uses data from the AWEA,[3] the State of Indiana,[13] and other sources. For the larger projects constructed in phases, the table lists separate information for each phase. The name of each wind farm is the name used by the energy company when referring to the farm. The Wind Farm suffix is implied and hence removed for brevity. For more details and references for each wind farm, see its article.
Wind farm | County(s) | Turbine model | Power per turbine (MW) | No. of Turbines | Total Nameplate Capacity (MW) | Online | Developer | Operator | Power purchaser | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benton County phase I | Benton | GE sl/sle Gen4 | 1.5 | 87 | 130.5 | 2008-04 | Orion Energy | Orion Energy | Duke, Vectren | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Fowler Ridge phase I Vestas | Benton | Vestas V82 | 1.65 | 182 | 300.3 | 2009-04 | BP, Dominion | BP, Dominion | AEP, Dominion | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Fowler Ridge phase I Clipper | Benton | Clipper 2.5 | 2.5 | 40 | 100 | 2009-04 | BP, Dominion | BP, Dominion | AEP, Dominion | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Fowler Ridge phase II | Benton | GE sl/sle Gen4 | 1.5 | 133 | 199.5 | 2009-12 | BP, Dominion | BP, Dominion | AEP, Vectren | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Headwaters | Randolph | Vestas V110 | 2 | 100 | 200 | December 2014 | EDP Renewables North America | Indiana Michigan Power | ||
Hoosier | Benton | REpower | 2 | 53 | 106 | 2009-08 | IPL, enXco | IPL, enXco | IPL | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Meadow Lake phase I | White | Vestas V82 | 1.65 | 121 | 199.65 | October 2009 | Horizon Wind Energy | EDP Renewables North America | AEP, wholesale market | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Meadow Lake phase II | White | Acciona | 1.5 | 66 | 99 | June 2010 | Horizon Wind Energy | EDP Renewables North America | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | |
Meadow Lake phase III | White | GE | 1.5 | 69 | 103.5 | October 2010 | Horizon Wind Energy | EDP Renewables North America | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | |
Meadow Lake phase IV | White | Suzlon | 2.1 | 47 | 98.7 | October 2010 | Horizon Wind Energy | EDP Renewables North America | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | |
Prairie Breeze | Tipton | 1.6 | 94 | 150 | Juwi | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Union City/Randolph Eastern School Corporation | Randolph | Nordic Windpower | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2010-02 | Performance Services | Union City, Randolph Eastern School Corporation | AEP | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Wildcat phase I | Madison, Tipton | GE | 1.6 | 125 | 200 | 2012-10 | E.ON | E.ON | AEP | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Wildcat phase II | Grant, Howard | 40-60 | (proposed) | E.ON | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | |||||
Wildcat phase III | Tipton | 40-75 | (proposed) | E.ON | ||||||
Wildcat phase IV | Tipton | (proposed) | E.ON |
Single-unit turbines
In addition to the above wind farms, single stand-alone units have also been built in five other locations, mostly at schools. Some of these units were placed to test the environment for future wind energy development.[14][15][16]
Location | County | Owner | Wind speed (m/s) |
Power (Kw) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Middletown | Henry | Shenandoah School Corporation | 900 | |
Carthage | Shelby | 7.7 / 99m | ||
Haubstadt | Gibson | South Gibson S.C. | 6.1 / 99m | |
Kokomo | Howard | Northwestern School Corporation | 7.0 / 99m | |
LaGrange | LaGrange | 7.0 / 99m | ||
Upland | Grant | Taylor University |
Environmental impact
According to the USDOE, each 1000 MW of wind power capacity installed in Indiana will annually save 1,684 million gallons of water and eliminate 3.1 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.[17]
For comparison, Indiana emitted a total of 230,830,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide in 2007.[18][19]
As of March 2010[update] Indiana lacked a renewable energy standard, unlike several other midwestern states: Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri and Iowa.[20] Nevertheless, Indiana's wind power development had outpaced that of Ohio and Michigan.
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to [[commons:Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).]]. |
- Indiana Energy Production
- Index of Indiana-related articles
- List of U.S. states by carbon dioxide emissions
- List of wind farms in the United States
- Outline of Indiana
References
- ↑ Installed Wind Capacity, U.S. Department of Energy, 3 March 2013
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/91911.pdf
- ↑ http://www.insideindianabusiness.com/newsitem.asp?ID=39751
- ↑ http://www.taylor.edu/sciencecomplex/about/wind-turbines.shtml
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/CO2FFC_2007.pdf
- ↑ http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/CO2FFC_2007.xls
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.