Zürich Airport
Zürich Airport Flughafen Zürich |
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IATA: ZRH – ICAO: LSZH | |||||||||||||||||||
Summary | |||||||||||||||||||
Airport type | Public | ||||||||||||||||||
Owner | Flughafen Zürich AG | ||||||||||||||||||
Serves | Zürich, Switzerland | ||||||||||||||||||
Location | Kloten, Rümlang, Oberglatt, Winkel and Opfikon[1] | ||||||||||||||||||
Hub for | |||||||||||||||||||
Focus city for | |||||||||||||||||||
Elevation AMSL | 1,416 ft / 432 m | ||||||||||||||||||
Coordinates | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||||||||||||||||
Website | zurich-airport.com | ||||||||||||||||||
Map | |||||||||||||||||||
Location of airport in Switzerland | |||||||||||||||||||
Runways | |||||||||||||||||||
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Statistics (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||
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Zürich Airport (German: Flughafen Zürich, IATA: ZRH, ICAO: LSZH), also known as Kloten Airport, is the largest international airport of Switzerland and the principal hub of Swiss International Air Lines. It serves Zürich, Switzerland's largest city, and, with its surface transport links, much of the rest of the country. The airport is located 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of central Zürich, in the municipalities of Kloten, Rümlang, Oberglatt, Winkel and Opfikon, all of which are within the canton of Zürich.[1][3]
Contents
History
Early years
The first flight abroad from Switzerland was on July 21, 1921. In the early years of aviation, the Dübendorf Air Base, located some 8 km (5.0 mi) to the south-east of Zürich Airport, also served as the city's commercial airfield. The need for a dedicated commercial facility lead to a search for a location for a replacement for Dübendorf. In 1945, the federal parliament decided that Zürich was to be the site of a major airport, and sold 655 hectares (1,620 acres) of the Kloten-Bülach Artillery Garrison (German: Artillerie-Waffenplatz Kloten-Bülach) to the Canton of Zürich, giving the canton control of the new airport. The construction of the airport began the next year.[4][5]
The first flights off the west runway were not until 1948. The new terminal opened in 1953 with a large air show that ran for three days. In 1947 the airport handled 133,638 passengers on 12,766 airline flights; in 1952, 372,832 passengers on 24,728 airline flights. The first expansion of the airport was submitted in 1956, but the budget for the expansion was not approved by the Swiss Government until 1958 and the expansion was completed in 1961.[4][6]
On 18 February 1969, an El Al aircraft was attacked, whilst being prepared for takeoff, by four armed members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. The attack was repulsed by the aircraft's security guard, resulting in the death of one of the terrorists, whilst the Boeing 720's co-pilot subsequently died of his injuries.[7]
On 18 January 1971, an inbound Balkan Bulgarian Airlines Il-18D approached Zurich Airport in fog below the glideslope. It crashed and burst into flames, 0.7 kilometres (0.43 mi) north of the airport, when both left wingtip and landing gear contacted the ground. Seven crew members and 38 passengers were killed.[8]
The airport was again submitted and approved for renovation in 1970, and Terminal B was completed in 1971. The first signs of noise mitigation for the airport were in 1972, when a night-time curfew was enacted, as well as in 1974 when new approach routes were introduced. Runway 14/32 was opened in 1976, and 16/34 began renovation.[4]
1980 onwards
The noise of aircraft became an issue and a noise charge was instituted in 1980, and in 1984, an agreement was made regarding arrivals and departures to the airport via German airspace. The next largest event for the airport was in 1999, when the Parliament of the Canton of Zürich approved privatization of Zurich Airport. It was not until 2000, that Flughafen Zürich AG, trading under the brand Unique was appointed as the new airport operator. The brand Unique was dropped in favour of Zurich Airport and Flughafen Zürich in 2010.[4][9]
On the 2 October 2001, a major cash-flow crisis at Swissair, exacerbated by the global downturn in air travel caused by the September 11 attacks, caused the airline to ground all its flights. Although a government rescue plan permitted some flights to restart a few days later, and the airline's assets were subsequently sold to become Swiss International Air Lines, the airport lost a lot of traffic. Since Lufthansa took over Swiss International Air Lines in 2005, traffic has started growing again.
On 18 October 2001, a treaty was signed between Germany and Switzerland regarding the limitation of flights over Germany. Under the terms of this treaty, any incoming aircraft after 22:00 had to approach Zürich from the east to land on runway 28, which, unlike the airport's other runways, was not equipped with an instrument landing system. A month later, at 22:06 on the 24 November, an inbound Crossair Avro RJ100 using this approach in conditions of poor visibility crashed into a range of hills near Bassersdorf and exploded, killing 24 of the 33 people on board. The flight had originally been scheduled to land on runway 14 before 22:00, but it was subject to delay and was therefore diverted to runway 28.[4][10]
In 2003, Zurich Airport completed a major expansion project in which it built a new parking garage, a new midfield terminal, and an automated underground people mover to link the midfield terminal to the main terminal. In November 2008, a complete renovation and rebuild of the old terminal B structure was announced. The new terminal B opened in November 2011, and provides segregated access to and from aircraft for Schengen and non-Schengen passengers.[11] Zurich Airport handled 25.5 million passengers in 2014, up 2.5 percent from 2013.[12]
On 18 February 2015, Etihad Regional ceased two thirds of its scheduled routes without further notice, amongst them all services from Zürich except the domestic service to Geneva.[13][14][15] Etihad Regional blamed the behavior of competitors, especially Swiss International Air Lines as well as the Swiss aviation authorities for their failed expansion.[14]
Corporate affairs
The airport is owned by Flughafen Zürich AG, a company quoted on the SIX Swiss Exchange. Major shareholders include the canton of Zürich, with 33.33% plus one of the shares, and the city of Zürich, with 5% of the shares. No other shareholder has a holding exceeding 3%.[16] From 2000 until 2010, Flughafen Zürich AG used the brand name Unique.[17]
Infrastructure
Terminal complex
The airport has three airside piers, which are known as terminals A, B and E (also signposted as Gates A, B/D and E). These are linked to a central air-side building called Airside Center, built in 2003. Alongside the Airside Center, the ground-side terminal complex named Airport Center comprises several buildings, and includes airline check-in areas, a shopping mall, a railway station, car parks, and a bus and tram terminal. All departing passengers access the same departure level of the Airside Center, which includes duty-free shopping and various bars and restaurants, via airport security. They are then segregated between passengers for Schengen and non-Schengen destinations on the way to the gate lounges, with the latter first passing through emigration controls. Arriving Schengen and non-Schengen passengers are handled in separate areas of the Airside Center and reach the Airport Center by different routes, with non-Schengen passengers first passing through immigration controls.[18][19]
The three airside terminals are:
- Terminal A, containing gates prefixed A, which opened in 1972, and it is used exclusively by flights to and from destinations inside the Schengen Area, including domestic flights within Switzerland. It takes the form of a finger pier, directly connected at one end to the Airside Centre.[18]
- Terminal B, containing gates prefixed B and D, which originally opened in 1971 but was reopened in November 2011, having been extensively rebuilt over a period of three years. Like terminal A, it takes the form of a finger pier directly connected at one end to the Airside Centre. As rebuilt, it is designed to handle both Schengen and non-Schengen flights at the same gates. Each such gate has two numbers, one prefixed B and the other D, but with different passenger routes to and from the gates in order to keep the flows of Schengen and non-Schengen passengers separate.[18][20]
- Terminal E, containing gates prefixed E, also known as the midfield terminal or Dock E, is a stand-alone satellite terminal located on the opposite side of runway 10-28 from the Airside Center, and situated between runways 16/34 and 14/32. It is entirely used by non-Schengen international flights and became operational and was opened on September 1, 2003. It is connected to the Airside Center by the Skymetro, an automated underground people mover.[18]
Runways
Zurich Airport has three runways: 16/34 of 3,700 m (12,100 ft) in length, 14/32 of 3,300 m (10,800 ft) in length, and 10/28 of 2,500 m (8,200 ft) in length. For most of the day and in most conditions, runway 14 is used for landings and runways 16 and 28 are used for takeoffs, although different patterns are used early morning and in the evenings.[21]
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
Zürich Airport offers scheduled and charter flights to 196 destinations in 62 countries around the world.[22]
^1 Royal Jordanian's flight to Amman make a stop in Geneva. The airline, however, does not have eighth freedom rights to transport passengers solely from Zurich to Geneva.
Cargo
Airlines | Destinations |
---|---|
Turkish Airlines Cargo | Algiers,[53] Istanbul-Atatürk[54] |
Statistics
Top destinations
Rank | City | Total departing passengers |
---|---|---|
1 | London (City, Gatwick, Heathrow, Luton, Stansted) | 855,857 |
2 | Berlin | 477,678 |
3 | Vienna | 471,448 |
4 | Paris | 363,096 |
5 | Amsterdam | 361,823 |
6 | New York (New York–JFK, Newark) | 355,781 |
7 | Düsseldorf | 350,809 |
8 | Istanbul (Istanbul–Atatürk, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen) | 316,533 |
9 | Frankfurt | 297,142 |
10 | Barcelona | 293,801 |
11 | Dubai | 252,043 |
12 | Hamburg | 244,503 |
13 | Madrid | 241,297 |
14 | Geneva | 231,972 |
15 | Palma de Mallorca | 224,477 |
Rank | City | Passengers |
---|---|---|
1 | Dubai | 496,113 |
2 | New York | 450,067 |
3 | Singapore | 401,118 |
4 | Tel Aviv | 376,779 |
5 | Bangkok | 286,563 |
6 | Newark | 265,338 |
7 | Miami | 196,491 |
8 | Chicago | 187,596 |
9 | Delhi | 181,798 |
10 | Mumbai | 168,476 |
11 | Tokyo - Narita | 152,645 |
12 | Hong Kong | 149,770 |
13 | San Francisco | 145,702 |
14 | Muscat | 146,061 |
15 | Los Angeles | 143,439 |
Passenger development
Updated: 16 January 2015 |
month | passengers | passengers change 14\15 | aircraft movements | movements change 14\15 |
---|---|---|---|---|
November[57] | 2,894,773 | 4.2% | 19,700 | 0.8% |
October[58] | 2,452,446 | 2.4% | 23,498 | 1.3% |
September[58] | 2,460,946 | 3.1% | 24,018 | 0.3% |
August[59] | 2,694,640 | 4.1% | 24,833 | 0.7% |
July[60] | 2,673,965 | 5.7% | 24,950 | 2.0% |
June[61] | 2,311,757 | 0.8% | 23,604 | 1.3% |
May[62] | 2,297,316 | 6.2% | 23,368 | 1.0% |
April[63] | 2,184,853 | 2.5% | 21,478 | 1.2% |
March[64] | 1,988,825 | 2.6% | 21,058 | 0.3% |
February[65] | 1,670,172 | 1.6% | 18,303 | 0.5% |
January[66] | 1,749,732 | 2.1% | 20,498 | 0.1% |
Total: | 24,379,425 | 3,2% | 245.308 | 0,02% |
Ground transportation
Train
Zürich Airport railway station is located underneath the Airport Centre. The station has frequent Zürich S-Bahn services on lines S2 and S16, plus direct InterRegio, InterCity and Eurocity services to Basel, Bern, Biel/Bienne, Brig, Geneva, Konstanz, Lausanne, Lucerne, Munich, Neuchâtel, Romanshorn, St. Gallen and Winterthur. There are some 10 trains per hour to Zürich Hauptbahnhof, Zürich's main city centre station, with a journey time of between 10 and 15 minutes. By changing trains at Hauptbahnhof, most other places in Switzerland can be reached in a few hours.[67]
Bus and tram
In front of the Airport Centre is the airport stop of the Stadtbahn Glattal, a light rail system that interworks with the Zürich tram system, together with a regional bus station. Both the bus station and light rail stop provide service to destinations throughout the Glattal region that surrounds the airport, with the light rail stop being served by tram routes 10 and 12. Tram route 10 also provides a link to Zurich Hauptbahnhof, albeit with a rather longer journey time than that of the railway.[68]
Taxi
The airport is served by a fleet of dedicated airport taxis, which operate from taxi ranks in front of the arrival areas. Alternative chauffeur driven airport limousines can be arranged.[69]
Car
The airport is served by the A51 motorway and other main roads, which link to the airports own road network. Drop-off areas are available by the Airport Centre whilst a total of over 1000 spaces are available in six car parks for short and long term parking. A car hire centre is located in the terminal complex.[70][71][72]
Other facilities
The Circle, a complex intended to include a medical center, a conference center, shops, restaurants, offices and hotels, is under construction opposite the Airport Centre. The complex was designed by Japanese architect Riken Yamamoto, is currently under construction and planned for completion in 2018.[73][74]
Several companies have their headquarters on or about the airport. These include Swiss International Air Lines,[75] Swiss World Cargo,[76] Swiss AviationTraining,[77] Edelweiss Air,[78] gategroup,[79] Helvetic Airways,[80] Swissôtel,[81] and Rega.[82] Other companies that were formerly based on the airport include Swissair[83] and Crossair.[84]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 http://www.zurich-airport.com/~/media/FlughafenZH/Dokumente/Das_Unternehmen/Flughafen_Zuerich_AG/StatistikBericht_2014.pdf
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ American Aviation 3 August 1953 p35
- ↑ Accident description for 4X-ABB at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 1 May 2015.
- ↑ Accident description for LZ-BED at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 1 May 2015.
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- ↑ Accident description for HB-IXM at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 1 May 2015.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ nzz.ch - «Flughafen Zürich» statt «Unique» 12 April 2010
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Zurich Kloten - ch-aviation.com
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ https://www.airberlin.com/en-SK/flightplan/index/results/departure/ZRH/destination/LCA/outbounddate/2016-03/returndate//withreturnflight/0/directflight/1/airlinefilter/0
- ↑ https://www.aireuropa.com/en/flights#
- ↑ http://www.aerotelegraph.com/easyjet-baut-mit-neuer-destination-ab-zuerich-aus
- ↑ http://airlineroute.net/2015/12/23/wk-mru-w16/
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ https://www.swiss.com/CMSContent/corporate/agentnews/Documents/updates/ttn_summer16_ZRH_IC.pdf
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-guernsey-35280134
- ↑ http://www.travelnews.ch/flug/831-direktflug-nach-jersey-ersatz-fuer-intersky-gefunden.html
- ↑ http://www.rolfmeierreisen.ch/unsere-staerkne-kanalinseln
- ↑ https://www.germania.ch/
- ↑ HolidayJet
- ↑ https://www.germania.ch/de/#
- ↑ https://www.hotelplan.ch/flug/suche?request_type=flight&adults=1&duration=7&departure_date=2016-03-19&return_date=2016-05-19&sorting_order=price&showing_results_from=0&departure_airports=ZRH%3BBSL%3BBRN&group_names=REK&direct_flight=direct
- ↑ https://www.hotelplan.ch/flug/suche?group_names=CHQ&arrival_airports=&search_type=hub
- ↑ http://www.travelnews.ch/destinationen/890-tromso-das-neue-sommerziel-von-travelhouse-jenseits-des-polarkreises.html
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 http://www.travelquotidiano.com/trasporti/sunexpress-guarda-allestate-2016-9-di-voli/tqid-227209
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ https://www.swiss.com/it/it/Book/Outbound/RIX-ZRH/from-2016-03-25/adults-1/children-0/infants-0/class-economy/al-LX/sid8zi5
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 SWISS July/August 2016 Boeing 777-300ER Operations | Airline Route
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 44.2 44.3 SWISS Outlines Boeing 777-300ER Operations in S16 | Airline Route
- ↑ http://airlineroute.net/2015/11/10/lx-ewr-w16/
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 http://www.swiss.com/CMSContent/corporate/agentnews/Documents/updates/ttn_winter2015_16_summer2016.pdf
- ↑ Check-in by airline - Flughafen Zürich
- ↑ http://www.tunisair.com
- ↑ http://www.air-journal.fr/2015-11-19-twin-jet-reliera-toulouse-a-zurich-5153787.html
- ↑ http://www.vueling.com
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.3 51.4 http://tickets.vueling.com/ScheduleSelect.aspx
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ ALGIERS - HOUARI BOUMEDIENE
- ↑ Turkish Airlines Cargo Winter Schedule
- ↑ http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/lexikon/lex/0.Document.190848.xls
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.zurich-airport.com/the-company/media/news-center/2015/dec/20151214-ir-newsflash?cat=all&year=&search_string=
- ↑ 58.0 58.1 zurich-airport.com/the-company/media/news-center/2015/oct/20151013irnewsflash?cat=IR
- ↑ http://www.zurich-airport.com/the-company/media/news-center/2015/sep/20150914-ir-news-flash?cat=all&year=&search_string=
- ↑ Zurich Airport News Flash No. 17 / Zurich Airport Key Figures July 2015 - Flughafen Zuerich
- ↑ Zurich Airport News Flash No. 16 / Zurich Airport Key Figures - June 2015 - Flughafen Zürich
- ↑ Zurich Airport News Flash No. 12 / Zurich Airport Key Figures - May 2015 - Flughafen Zürich
- ↑ Zurich Airport News Flash No. 11 / Zurich Airport Key Figures - April 2015 - Flughafen Zürich
- ↑ Zurich Airport News Flash No. 9 / Zurich Airport Key Figures - March 2015 - Flughafen Zürich
- ↑ Zurich Airport News Flash No. 6 / Zurich Airport Key Figures - February 2015 - Flughafen Zürich
- ↑ Zurich Airport News Flash No. 5 / Zurich Airport Key Figures - January 2015 - Flughafen Zürich
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
Media related to Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
- Accident history for Zurich Airport at Aviation Safety Network
- Aeronautical chart for Zurich Airport at SkyVector
- Current weather for Zurich Airport at NOAA/NWS
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