Émile Louis Victor de Laveleye

Émile de Laveleye
Émile de Laveleye, by Albert Damry
Born	Émile Louis Victor de Laveleye (1822-04-05)5 April 1822 Bruges, United Kingdom of the Netherlands
Died	Havelange, Belgium
Education	Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
Occupation	Professor, historian, economist

Émile Louis Victor de Laveleye (5 April 1822 – 3 January 1892) was a Belgian economist. He was one of the co-founders of the Institut de Droit International in 1873.

Biography

He was born in Bruges, and educated there and at the Collège Stanislas in Paris, a celebrated establishment in the hands of the Oratorians.

He continued his studies at the Catholic University of Louvain and afterwards at Ghent, where he came under the influence of François Huet the philosopher and Christian Socialist. In 1844 he won a prize with an essay on the language and literature of Provence. In 1847 he published L'Histoire des rois francs, and in 1861 a French version of the Nibelungenlied, but though he never lost his interest in literature and history, his most important work was in the domain of economics.

Bust of Émile de Laveleye, by Frans van Havermaet, 1882

He was one of a group of young lawyers doctors and critics, all old pupils of Huet, who met once a week to discuss social and economic questions and thus was led to publish his views on these subjects. In 1859 some articles by him in the Revue des deux mondes laid the foundation of his reputation as an economist. In 1864 he was elected to the chair of political economy at the state University of Liège.

He died at the castle of Doyon (in present-day Havelange), near Liége on the 3 January 1892.

Laveleye's name is particularly connected with bimetallism and primitive property, and he took a special interest in the revival and preservation of small nationalities. But his activity included the whole realm of political science, political economy, monetary questions, international law, foreign and Belgian politics, questions of education, religion and morality, travel and literature. He had the art of popularizing even the most technical subjects, owing to the clearness of his view and his firm grasp of the matter in hand. He was especially attracted to England, where he thought he saw many of his ideals of social, political and religious progress realized. He was a frequent contributor to the English newspapers and leading reviews. The most widely circulated of his works was a pamphlet on Le Parti clérical en Belgique, of which 2,000,000 copies were circulated in ten languages.

Works

Major publications

• Essai sur les Formes de Gouvernement dans les Sociétés Modernes. Paris: Germer Baillière (1872)
• L’Instruction du Peuple. Paris: Hachette (1872)
• Le Parti Clérical en Belgique. Anvers: J. E. Buschmann (1873)
• De la Propriété et de ses Formes Primitives. Paris: Germer Baillière (1874; dedicated to the memory of John Stuart Mill and François Huet)
• Le Protestantisme et le Catholicisme dans Leurs Rapports avec la Liberté et la Prospérité des Peuples. Bruxelles: C. Muquardt (1875)
• Le Socialisme Contemporain. Paris: Germer Baillière (1881)
• La Péninsule des Balkans. Paris: Félix Alcan (1888)
• La Monnaie et le Bimétallisme. Paris: Félix Alcan (1891)
• Le Gouvernement dans la Démocratie. Paris: Félix Alcan (1891)
• Essais et Études. Gand & Paris: Vuylsteke & Félix Alcan (1894–97; 3 vols.)

Works in English translation

• On the Causes of War, and the Means of Reducing. London: Peace Society (1872)
• Protestantism and Catholicism in their Bearing upon the Liberty and Prosperity of Nations. Toronto: Belford Bros. (1876)
• Primitive Property. London: Macmillan and Co. (1878)
• The New Tendencies of Political Economy. New York: The Banker's Magazine and Statistical Register (1879)
• International Bimetallism and the Battle of the Standard. London: P.S. King (1881)
• Common-place Fallacies Concerning Money. London: P.S. King (1882)
• Regulated Vice in Relation to Morality. London: K. Paul, Trench (1884)
• The Elements of Political Economy. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons (1886)
• Letters from Italy. London: T. Fisher Unwin (1886)
• The Socialism of Today. London: Field and Tuer (1886)
• The Balkan Peninsula. London: T. Fisher Unwin (1887)
• Luxury. London: George Allen & Company (1920)

Selected articles

• "Land System of Belgium and Holland." In: Systems of Land Tenure in Various Countries. London: Macmillan & Co. (1870)
• "The Future of France," The Fortnightly Review, Vol. XIV (1870)
• "On the Causes of War, and the Means of Reducing their Number." In: Cobden Club Essays. London: Cassell, Petter & Galpin (1872)
• "The Clerical Party in Belgium," The Fortnightly Review, Vol. XVIII (1872)
• "Causes of War in the Existing European Situation," The Fortnightly Review, Vol. XIX (1873)
• "Alienation of Public Lands in Colonies," The Fortnightly Review, Vol. XXI (1874)
• "The European Situation," The Fortnightly Review, Vol. XXIV (1875)
• "The Provincial and Communal Institutions of Belgium and Holland." In: Local Government and Taxation. London: Cassell Petter & Galpin (1875)
• "British Interests in the Present Crisis," The Fortnightly Review, Vol. XXII (1877)
• "England and the War," The Fortnightly Review, Vol. XXIII (1878)
• "Commonplace Fallacies Concerning Money," Part II, The Contemporary Review, Vol. XL (1881)
• "The Future of Gold," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. X (1881)
• "The Political Condition of Belgium," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLI (1882)
• "The Laws of War," Part II, The Nineteenth Century, Vol. XII (1882)
• "The Progress of Socialism," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLIII (1883)
• "The Congo Neutralized," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLIII (1883)
• "The Prospects of the Republic in France," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLIV (1883)
• "Contemporary Life and Thought in Belgium," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLVI (1884)
• "Würzburg and Vienna," Part II, The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLVI (1884)
• "A Criticism of Mr. Herbert Spencer," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLVII (1885)
• "Pessimism on the Stage," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLVIII (1885)
• "The Economic Crisis and its Causes," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLIX (1886)
• "The Situation in the East," The Contemporary Review, Vol. L (1886)
• "Civil Government and the Papacy," The Forum, Vol. V (1888)
• "The Future of Religion," The Contemporary Review, Vol. LIV (1888)
• "Perils of Democracy," The Forum, Vol. VII (1889)
• "Mutterings of War in Europe," The Forum, Vol. VIII (1889)
• "Two New Utopias," The Contemporary Review, Vol. LVII (1890)
• "Communism," The Contemporary Review, Vol. LVII (1890)
• "The Division of Africa," The Forum, Vol. X (1891)
• "The Foreign Policy of Italy," The Contemporary Review, Vol. LXI (1892)

References

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External links

• Works by Emile de Laveleye at Project Gutenberg
• Works by Émile de Laveleye at Hathi Trust
• Works by Émile de Laveleye at JSTOR