Île de Sein
| Île-de-Sein Enez-Sun |
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| Close-up of the island
Close-up of the island
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 Île-de-Sein
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Location within Brittany region
Île-de-Sein
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| Country | France |
| Region | Brittany |
| Department | Finistère |
| Arrondissement | Quimper |
| Canton | Pont-Croix |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2014–2020) | Dominique Salvert |
| Area1 | 0.58 km2 (0.22 sq mi) |
| Population (2008)2 | 214 |
| • Density | 370/km2 (960/sq mi) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 29083 / 29990 |
| Elevation | 0–9 m (0–30 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. | |
The Île de Sein is a French island in the Atlantic Ocean, off Finistère, eight kilometres from the Pointe du Raz (raz meaning "water current"), from which it is separated by the Raz de Sein. Its Breton name is Enez Sun. The island, with its neighbouring islets, forms the commune of Île-de-Sein in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France.
Lying on the sea routes going south from the English Channel, Sein is well known for the dangers of its waters, the Chaussée de Sein, a vast zone of reefs stretching more than 30 miles from east to west, requiring numerous lighthouses, beacons, and buoys. In the past, it was also known for its wreckers[citation needed]
History
There are two megalithic menhirs on the island, which is treeless.[1]
It is mentioned by the Roman geographer Pomponius Mela.[1]
The island women once wore the highest headdresses in Brittany, and had a reputation for enticing sailors onto the rocks by witchcraft. Robert Graves says that the island was once home to a conclave of nine virgin priestesses believed to hold magical powers, who might be approached by those who sailed to consult them.[1]
After hearing General de Gaulle's call to resistance during World War II in his appeal to the French on 18 June 1940, every male inhabitant aged between 14 and 54[citation needed] (or 60, according to the island's official website[2]) (variously totalled as 114 to 128[citation needed]) set sail in their fishing boats for Britain to join the Free French forces. On 1 January 1946, the commune was for that awarded the high honour of the Order of the Liberation, and its residents exempted from paying income tax; a privilege they enjoy to this day.[citation needed]
During the 1960s, French artists Maurice Boitel and Jean Rigaud painted on the Île de Sein.
Population
Inhabitants of Île-de-Sein are called in French Sénans.
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1793 | 327 | — |
| 1800 | 349 | +6.7% |
| 1806 | 363 | +4.0% |
| 1821 | 437 | +20.4% |
| 1831 | 468 | +7.1% |
| 1841 | 462 | −1.3% |
| 1846 | 440 | −4.8% |
| 1851 | 482 | +9.5% |
| 1856 | 509 | +5.6% |
| 1861 | 611 | +20.0% |
| 1866 | 654 | +7.0% |
| 1872 | 650 | −0.6% |
| 1876 | 727 | +11.8% |
| 1881 | 792 | +8.9% |
| 1886 | 805 | +1.6% |
| 1891 | 842 | +4.6% |
| 1896 | 907 | +7.7% |
| 1901 | 990 | +9.2% |
| 1906 | 1,038 | +4.8% |
| 1911 | 1,072 | +3.3% |
| 1921 | 1,077 | +0.5% |
| 1926 | 1,128 | +4.7% |
| 1931 | 1,254 | +11.2% |
| 1936 | 1,328 | +5.9% |
| 1946 | 1,144 | −13.9% |
| 1954 | 1,131 | −1.1% |
| 1962 | 1,094 | −3.3% |
| 1968 | 835 | −23.7% |
| 1975 | 607 | −27.3% |
| 1982 | 504 | −17.0% |
| 1990 | 348 | −31.0% |
| 1999 | 242 | −30.5% |
| 2008 | 214 | −11.6% |
Legend
According to Breton legend, Île de Sein was once home to a group of virgin druid priestesses called the Gallizenae. They are said to have had the power to predict the future, to calm the winds, and to take the forms of different animals.[3]
See also
Further reading
- Queffélec, Henri, Un recteur de l'île de Sein, Éditions Bartillat, Paris, 1999, ISBN 2841001210
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to [[commons:Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).]]. |
- French Ministry of Culture list for Île-de-Sein (French)
- (French) State Lighthouse "la VIEILLE" dated April 19, 2009
- (French) State Lighthouse "Enez-Sun" dated April 19, 2009
- île de Sein's dolphins on YouTube
- Having defied the Nazis,Islanders take on the sea 23. July.2012 New York Times
References
- INSEE
- Mayors of Finistère Association (French)
- Pages with broken file links
- Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010
- Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014
- Articles with unsourced statements from April 2010
- Commons category link from Wikidata
- Articles with French-language external links
- Landforms of Finistère
- Islands of Brittany
- Companions of the Liberation
- Communes of Finistère
