1254

This article is about the year 1254.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	12th century – 13th century – 14th century
Decades:	1220s  1230s  1240s  – 1250s –  1260s  1270s  1280s
Years:	1251 1252 1253 – 1254 – 1255 1256 1257

1254 by topic

Politics

State leaders – Sovereign states

Birth and death categories

Births – Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments – Disestablishments

Art and literature

1254 in poetry

1254 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1254 MCCLIV
Ab urbe condita	2007
Armenian calendar	703 ԹՎ ՉԳ
Assyrian calendar	6004
Bengali calendar	661
Berber calendar	2204
English Regnal year	38 Hen. 3 – 39 Hen. 3
Buddhist calendar	1798
Burmese calendar	616
Byzantine calendar	6762–6763
Chinese calendar	癸丑年 (Water Ox) 3950 or 3890     — to — 甲寅年 (Wood Tiger) 3951 or 3891
Coptic calendar	970–971
Discordian calendar	2420
Ethiopian calendar	1246–1247
Hebrew calendar	5014–5015
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1310–1311
- Shaka Samvat	1176–1177
- Kali Yuga	4355–4356
Holocene calendar	11254
Igbo calendar	254–255
Iranian calendar	632–633
Islamic calendar	651–652
Japanese calendar	Kenchō 6 (建長６年)
Julian calendar	1254 MCCLIV
Korean calendar	3587
Minguo calendar	658 before ROC 民前658年
Thai solar calendar	1796–1797

Louis IX of France ends the unsuccessful Seventh Crusade.

Year 1254 (MCCLIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Asia

• King Louis IX of France, having exhausted his funds and being needed at home, abandons the Seventh Crusade (which he had conducted first in Egypt and then Syria) and returns to France.
• The classic Japanese text Kokin Chomonjo is completed.
• The Mongols destroy the Kingdom of Dali in modern Yunnan.
• The Mongols enslave 200,000 Koreans and take them away.

Europe

Northern Europe

• June 12 – The city of Alkmaar obtains city rights from the count of Holland, William II.
• October 10 – Edward Plantagenet marries Eleanor of Castile. His father Henry III had demanded the marriage in exchange for ending the war with her brother Alfonso X of Castile.
• In England, an important step in the evolution of the Parliament and Peerage occurs, as lesser barons are replaced on the King's Council by elected representatives from shires and cities.
• Pope Innocent IV excommunicates Conrad IV of Germany and Rudolph I of Germany (later elected Holy Roman Emperor).
• The Danish city of Copenhagen receives its city charter.
• The Swedish city of Malmö is founded.
• Danylo of Halych, prince of Halych-Wolyn Rus, is crowned a king. The kingdom of Rus (Ruthenia Minor, Halych-Wolyn) is founded

Southern Europe

• December 2 – Manfred of Sicily defeats the army of Pope Innocent IV at Foggia.
• King Louis IX of France expels all Jews from France.
• King Afonso III of Portugal holds the first session of the Cortes (Portugal's general assembly composed of nobles, members of the middle class, and representatives from all municipalities) in Leiria.
• The Ghibelline town of Pistoia is taken over by Guelph Florence.
• The Horses of Saint Mark, once supposed to have adorned the Arch of Trajan in ancient Rome, are installed at Saint Mark's Basilica in Venice.
• Battle of Adrianople: The Byzantines defeat Bulgaria.

Markets

• As part of an offensive against usury in north-western Europe, the pope Innocent IV relieves the city of Beauvais from its obligations to its creditors.

Religion

• December 12 – Pope Alexander IV succeeds Pope Innocent IV as the 181st pope.
• Construction is begun on the Cathedral of Saint Martin in Utrecht.
• The Catholic dogma of purgatory is clarified and so named by the Catholic Church.

Births

• September 15 – Marco Polo, Italian explorer (d. 1324)
• Floris V, Count of Holland (d. 1296)
• Zhao Mengfu, Chinese scholar, painter and calligrapher (d. 1322)
• Ren Renfa, Chinese painter

Deaths

• March 28 – William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby (b. 1193)
• May 21 – Conrad IV of Germany (b. 1228)
• November 3 – John III Ducas Vatatzes, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1193)
• December 7 – Pope Innocent IV
• date unknown – Silvester de Everdon, English bishop