19 (number)

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18 19 20
Cardinal nineteen
Ordinal 19th
(nineteenth)
Numeral system nonadecimal
Factorization prime
Divisors 1, 19
Roman numeral XIX
Binary 100112
Ternary 2013
Quaternary 1034
Quinary 345
Senary 316
Octal 238
Duodecimal 1712
Hexadecimal 1316
Vigesimal J20
Base 36 J36

19 (nineteen) is the natural number following 18 and preceding 20. It is a prime number.

In English speech, the numbers 19 and 90 are often confused, as sounding very similar. When carefully enunciated, they differ in which syllable i stressed: 19 /nnˈtn/ vs 90 /ˈnnti/. However, in dates such as 1999, and when contrasting numbers in the teens and when counting, such as 17, 18, 19, the stress shifts to the first syllable: 19 /ˈnntn/.

Mathematics

19 is the 8th prime number. The sequence continues 23, 29, 31, 37, ... .

19 is the seventh Mersenne prime exponent.

19 is the aliquot sum of two odd discrete semiprimes, 65 and 77 and is the base of the 19-aliquot tree.

19 is the lowest prime centered triangular number, a centered hexagonal number and a Heegner number.

The only non-trivial normal magic hexagon contains 19 hexagons (the other being 1).

19 is the first number with more than one digit that can be written from base 2 to base 19 using only the digits 0 to 9; the other number is 20.[1]

Technology

Science

Religion

Islam

  • The number of angels guarding Hell ("Hellfire") ("Saqar") according to the Qur'an: "Over it are nineteen" (74:30), after which the Qur'an describes this number as being "a trial for those who disbelieve" (74:31), a sign for people of the scripture to be "convinced" (74:31) and that believers "will increase in faith" (74:31) due to it...
  • Quran code: There have been claims that patterns of the number 19 are present an unusual number of times in the Qur'an.[1][2]
  • The Number of Verse and Sura together in the Qur'an which announces Jesus son of Maryam's (Mary's) birth (Qur'an 19:19).

Baha'i faith

In the Bábí and Bahá'í faiths, a group of 19 is called a Váhid, a Unity (Arabic: واحد wāhid, "one"). The numerical value of this word in the Abjad numeral system is 19.

Music

  • "19" is a 1985 song by Paul Hardcastle, including sampled soundbites taken from a documentary about the Vietnam War in which 19 is claimed to have been the average age of United States soldiers killed in the conflict (an assertion which is widely disputed).[2] The song was parodied by British satirist Rory Bremner under the pseudonym 'The Commentators,' as N-n-nineteen, Not Out, the title referring to the batting average of David Gower, the England cricket captain, during his side's risible performance against the West Indies in 1984 when they lost 5-0.
  • Nineteen has been used as an alternative to twelve for a division of the octave into equal parts. This idea goes back to Salinas in the sixteenth century, and is interesting in part because it gives a system of meantone tuning, being close to 1/3 comma meantone. See 19 equal temperament.
  • Some organs use the 19th harmonic to approximate a minor third.

Literature

  • In Jodi Picoult's bestselling book Nineteen Minutes, the number 19 is referenced multiple times. It is most commonly referenced when referring to the main subject of the book, the school shooting rampage that took place over a span of 19 minutes.

Games

File:Go-result.JPG
A 19x19 Go board
  • The game of Go is played on a grid of 19×19 lines (though variants can be played on grids of other sizes).
  • Though the maximum score for a cribbage hand is 29, there is no combination of cards that adds up to 19 points. Many cribbage players, therefore, jokingly refer to a zero-point hand as "19 points."
  • In Ecuadorian card game "40", when counting the amount of cards gathered in a hand, the limit is 19, after which the count starts at 6 and represents the points achieved during that hand.

Age 19

  • The final year a person is a teenager.
  • This is the minimum age that is legal to buy tobacco products in the states Alabama, Alaska, New Jersey, Utah and several counties in New York including Nassau, and Onondaga.[3]
  • This is the minimum age at which one can drink and buy alcohol in Canada except for the provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, and Quebec where the drinking and purchase age of alcohol is 18.
  • This is the minimum age to marry in the state of Nebraska.

In sports

Other fields

References

  1. Sequence A131646 in The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
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External links