28th United States Congress

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28th United States Congress
27th ← → 29th
Capitol1846.jpg
United States Capitol (1846)

Duration: March 4, 1843 – March 4, 1845

Senate President: Vacant
Senate Pres. pro tem: Willie P. Mangum
House Speaker: John W. Jones
Members: 54 Senators
223 Representatives
3 Non-voting members
Senate Majority: Whig
House Majority: Democratic

Sessions
1st: December 4, 1843 – June 17, 1844
2nd: December 2, 1844 – March 3, 1845

The Twenty-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1843 to March 4, 1845, during the third and fourth years of John Tyler's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. The Senate had a Whig majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.

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Major events

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Major legislation

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Treaties

States admitted

Party summary

Senate

During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Florida.

Party
(Shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)
Law and Order
(LO)
Whig
(W)
End of the previous congress 20 0 29 49 3
Begin 22 0 26 48 4
End 23 1 27 51 3
Final voting share 45.1% 2.0% 52.9%
Beginning of the next congress 26 0 24 50 4

House of Representatives

Following the 1840 United States Census, Congress reapportioned the House to include 223 seats (5 Stat. 491). During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Florida (5 Stat. 743).

Affiliation Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
Total
Democratic
(D)
Independent
Democratic
(ID)
Law and Order
(LO)
Whig
(W)
Independent
Whig
(IW)
Other Vacant
End of previous Congress 100 1 0 139 0 1 241 1
Begin 147 1 2 72 1 0 223 0
End 141 78 1
Final voting share 63.7% 0.9% 35.4% 0.0%
Beginning of next Congress 138 0 0 78 0 6 222 2

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1844; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1846; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1848.

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House of Representatives

Representatives are listed by their districts.

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Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate


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State
(class)
Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
Tennessee
(1)
Vacant Rep. Alfred O. P. Nicholson resigned in 26th Congress Ephraim H. Foster (W) Elected October 17, 1843
Tennessee
(2)
Vacant Failure to elect Spencer Jarnagin (W) Elected October 17, 1843
Maine
(1)
Vacant Rep Reuel Williams resigned in previous congress John Fairfield (D) Elected December 4, 1843
Louisiana
(3)
Vacant Rep-elect Alexander Porter became ill, never took his seat and died January 14, 1844 Henry Johnson (W) Elected February 12, 1844
Illinois
(2)
Samuel McRoberts (D) Died March 27, 1843 James Semple (D) Elected December 4, 1843
Missouri
(3)
Lewis F. Linn (D) Died October 3, 1843 David R. Atchison (D) Elected December 14, 1843
Rhode Island
(1)
William Sprague (D) Resigned January 17, 1844 John B. Francis (LO) Elected January 25, 1844
Alabama
(2)
William R. King (D) Resigned April 15, 1844 after being appointed Minister to France Dixon H. Lewis (D) Elected April 22, 1844
New York
(1)
Nathaniel P. Tallmadge (D) Resigned June 17, 1844 after being appointed Governor of Wisconsin Territory Daniel S. Dickinson (D) Elected November 30, 1844
Arkansas
(2)
William S. Fulton (D) Died August 15, 1844 Chester Ashley (D) Elected November 8, 1844
New York
(3)
Silas Wright (D) Resigned November 26, 1844 after being elected Governor of New York Henry A. Foster (D) Appointed November 30, 1844
New York
(3)
Henry A. Foster (D) Successor elected January 27, 1845 John A. Dix (D) Elected January 27, 1845
South Carolina
(2)
Daniel E. Huger (D) Resigned March 3, 1845 Vacant Not filled this term
Florida
(1)
Vacant Florida admitted to the Union March 3, 1845 Vacant Not filled this term
Florida
(2)
Vacant Florida admitted to the Union March 3, 1845 Vacant Not filled this term

House of Representatives

  • replacements: 14
  • deaths: 7
  • resignations: 7
  • contested election: 0
  • Total seats with changes: 16


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District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date successor
seated
Massachusetts 10th Barker Burnell (W) Died June 15, 1843 Joseph Grinnell (W) Seated December 7, 1843
Georgia At-large Mark A. Cooper (D) Resigned June 26, 1843 to become candidate for Governor of Georgia Alexander H. Stephens (W) Seated October 2, 1843
Georgia At-large John B. Lamar (D) Resigned July 29, 1843 Absalom H. Chappell (W) Seated October 2, 1843
Georgia At-large John Millen (D) Died October 15, 1843 Duncan L. Clinch (W) Seated February 15, 1844
Virginia 7th Henry A. Wise (D) Resigned February 12, 1844 after being appointed Minister to Brazil Thomas H. Bayly (D) Seated May 6, 1844
Pennsylvania 21st William Wilkens (D) Resigned February 14, 1844 after being appointed United States Secretary of War Cornelius Darragh (W) Seated March 26, 1844
Virginia 5th Thomas W. Gilmer (D) Resigned February 16, 1844 after being appointed United States Secretary of the Navy William L. Goggin (W) Seated April 25, 1844
Pennsylvania 13th Henry Frick (W) Died March 1, 1844 James Pollock (W) Seated April 5, 1844
Ohio 10th Heman A. Moore (D) Died April 3, 1844 Alfred P. Stone (D) Seated October 8, 1844
Alabama 3rd Dixon H. Lewis (D) Resigned April 22, 1844 after being appointed US Senator William L. Yancey (D) Seated December 2, 1844
Louisiana 4th Pierre Bossier (D) Died April 24, 1844 Isaac E. Morse (D) Seated December 2, 1844
New York 20th Samuel Beardsley (D) Resigned April 29, 1844 after being appointed associate judge of New York Supreme Court Levi D. Carpenter (D) Seated November 5, 1844
Ohio 21st Henry R. Brinkerhoff (D) Died April 30, 1844 Edward S. Hamlin (W) Seated October 8, 1844
Pennsylvania 12th Almon H. Read (D) Died June 3, 1844 George Fuller (D) Seated December 2, 1844
Florida Territory At-large David L. Yulee (D) Seat was eliminated when Florida achieved statehood March 3, 1845
Florida
At-large
Florida was admitted to the Union on March 3, 1845 Vacant Not filled this term

Employees

Senate

House of Representatives

References

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External links