Achinsk

Achinsk (English) Ачинск (Russian)
-  City  -
250px Achinsk railway station on Trans-Siberian railway
Location of Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia
Achinsk Location of Achinsk in Krasnoyarsk Krai
Coordinates:
Coat of arms	Flag
Administrative status (as of January 2014)
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Krasnoyarsk Krai
Administratively subordinated to	krai city of Achinsk
Administrative center of	krai city of Achinsk, Achinsky District
Municipal status (as of January 2014)
Urban okrug	Achinsk Urban Okrug
Administrative center of	Achinsk Urban Okrug, Achinsky Municipal District
Statistics
Area	103 km2 (40 sq mi)
Population (2010 Census)	109,155 inhabitants
- Rank in 2010	148th
Density	1,060/km2 (2,700/sq mi)
Time zone	KRAT (UTC+07:00)
Founded	July 25, 1641
City status since	1782
Postal code(s)	662150-662189
Dialing code(s)	+7 39151
Official website
[[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Achinsk]] on Wikimedia Commons

Achinsk (Russian: А́чинск) is a city in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the right bank of the Chulym River near its intersection with the Trans-Siberian Railway, 184 kilometers (114 mi) west of Krasnoyarsk. Population: 109,155 (2010 Census).

History

Achinsk is one of the oldest known inhabited places in the area. Paleontological study has shown that people lived here as early as 28,000–20,000 BCE. Some of these ancient caves are located 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) east of the city.

The modern city, however, was founded on July 25, 1641 as an ostrog on the Bely Iyus River. After the fire of 1683, it was moved to the Chulym River (a tributary of the Ob); hence, the official foundation date of the city is considered to be July 25, 1683. The name of the location derives from the Turkic tribal group Achi or Achigi. The first fort in 1683 was built with the high stockade square shaped walls. In the corners were placed watch towers. Initially the garrison had fifteen Cossacks patrolling it. In 1710, a new wooden fort on the right bank of the Achinki River was created, at its confluence with the Chulym.

In 1782, it was granted status of an uyezd town. In the late 19th century, the town became linked on the Trans-Siberian Railway.

File:069 Пассажирское здание на ст Ачинск (cropped).jpg

Achinsk train station in 1899

Since 1990, Achinsk has been included in the official list of cities in Russia with historical and cultural value of nationwide significance.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Achinsk serves as the administrative center of Achinsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is, together with one urban-type settlement (Mazulsky), incorporated separately as the krai city of Achinsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the krai city of Achinsk is incorporated as Achinsk Urban Okrug.

Demographics

Achinsk grew rapidly in the 20th century: from a population of 32,000 in 1939, to 85,000 in 1969, to 121,572 in the 1989 Census. The population declined slightly in the early 21st century: 118,744 (2002 Census) and 109,155 (2010 Census).

Economy

The economy of Achinsk is based around heavy industry and contains a refinery and also produces construction materials, including wood, asphalt, cement. Mechanical, wax, brick and electrical plants are also present. It is also involved with the food industry and contains dairy factories and a meat processing plant as well as footwear and furniture factories.

The largest enterprise of the city, the Achinsk Alumina Plant, belongs to the "Rusal" group. In addition, the city operates a cement plant which produces about two million tons of cement per year.

Transportation

The city operates buses, trams, and taxis, and is served by the Achinsk Airport.

Culture and education

As of 2006, Achinsk has eleven health facilities and over twenty schools. Notable landmarks include the Achinsk Drama Theater, Achinsk National History Museum, Achinsk Museum and Exhibition Center, and the Kazan Cathedral.

References

Sources

• Законодательное собрание Красноярского края. Закон №10-4765 от 10 июня 2010 г. «О перечне административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Красноярского края», в ред. Закона №7-3007 от 16 декабря 2014 г. «Об изменении административно-территориального устройства Большеулуйского района и о внесении изменений в Закон края "О перечне административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Красноярского края"». Вступил в силу 1 июля 2010 г. Опубликован: "Ведомости высших органов государственной власти Красноярского края", №33(404), 5 июля 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Law #10-4765 of June 10, 2010 On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Territorial Units of Krasnoyarsk Krai, as amended by the Law #7-3007 of December 16, 2014 On Changing the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Bolsheuluysky District and on Amending the Krai Law "On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Territorial Units of Krasnoyarsk Krai". Effective as of July 1, 2010.).
• Template:RussiaAdmMunRef/kya/munlist/achinsk
• Законодательное собрание Красноярского края. Закон №13-3134 от 25 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Ачинский район и находящихся в его границах иных муниципальных образований», в ред. Закона №10-4575 от 29 апреля 2010 г «О внесении изменений в Закон края "Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Ачинский район и находящихся в его границах иных муниципальных образований"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости высших органов государственной власти Красноярского края", №11, 20 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Law #13-3134 of February 25, 2005 On Establishing the Borders and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Achinsky District and to Other Municipal Formations Within Its Borders, as amended by the Law #10-4575 of April 29, 2010 On Amending the Krai Law "On Establishing the Borders and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Achinsky District and to Other Municipal Formations Within Its Borders". Effective as of ten days after the official publication.).