Adamantina Formation

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Adamantina Formation
Stratigraphic range: Upper Cretaceous
Type Geological formation
Location
Country  Brazil

The Adamantina Formation is a geological formation in Brazil whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1] According to most studies,[2][3][4][5] the Adamantina Formation dates from the Turonian to the Santonian stage (90-83.5 million years ago) of the late Cretaceous, although some studies found much younger age - Campanian to Maastrichtian (83.5-66 million years ago) of the late Cretaceous.[6][7]

Geological setting

During the Early Jurassic, the supercontinent Pangea started to drift apart due to the breakup of Gondwana and Laurasia.[8] The breakup of Gondwana caused the formation of the large Parana Basin. This basin has a size of ~1,100,000km2 and can be found not only in Brazil but also in Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina.[9] The separation of the supercontinent and the breakup of Brazil and Africa was accompanied by volcanism that caused large eruptions of flood basalts. These volcanic rocks formed the Serra Geral Formation which underlies the deposits of the Bauru Group.[9] The Bauru Basin is a trough that, as Miall (1990) argues,[10] evolved due to “thermo-mechanical subsidence” during the Late Cretaceous, probably due to the breakup of Africa and India.[8] The sediments reach a thickness of up to ~300 m and consist mainly of siliciclastic sediments.[11] The Bauru Group can be subdivided into five different formations [9][12][13][14] from bottom to top: Caiua, Santo Anastacio, Adamantina, and Uberaba. Not all formations are equally well represented in the different states and differences occur according their sedimentary composition and therefore also in their naming.[9]

Vertebrate paleofauna

Crurotarsans

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.
Crocodylomorphs of the Adamantina Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images

Adamantinasuchus[15]

A. navae

Six specimens and several isolated bone remains.

A notosuchian
File:Adamantinasuchus BW.jpg
Adamantinasuchus
File:Armadillosuchus.jpg
Armadillosuchus
Baurusuchus salgadoensis
File:Mariliasuchus BW.jpg
Mariliasuchus amarali

Armadillosuchus[16]

A. arrudai

A notosuchian

Barreirosuchus[17]

B. franciscoi

A trematochampsid

Baurusuchus

B. albertoi[7]

A baurusuchid

B. pachechoi[18]

A baurusuchid

B. salgadoensis[18]

A baurusuchid

Brasileosaurus[18]

B. pachecoi[18]

Caipirasuchus[19]

C. paulistanus

A sphagesaurid

Campinasuchus[5]

C. dinizi

A baurusuchid

Caryonosuchus[20]

C. pricei

A sphagesaurid

Goniopholis[18]

G. paulistanus

Known only from two isolated teeth.[17]

A goniopholidid

Mariliasuchus

M. amarali[18]

Very common. Several specimens - juvenile and adults – with skull articulated to skeleton, and many isolated materials. Eggs clutches, eggshells and coprolites was found also.

A notosuchian

M. robustus[21]

A notosuchian

Montealtosuchus[22]

M. arrudacamposi

A peirosaurid

Morrinhosuchus[23]

M. luziae

A notosuchian

Sphagesaurus

S. huenei[18]

A sphagesaurid

S. montealtensis[6]

A sphagesaurid

Stratiotosuchus[15]

S. maxhechti

A baurusuchid

Ornithodirans

Indeterminate dinosaur remains are known from the formation.[1]

Dinosaurs of the Adamantina Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images

Abelisauridae[24]

Indeterminate

"fragment of rt. premaxilla and a tooth"

Adamantisaurus[25]

A. mezzalirai
File:Adamantisaurus mezzalirai 2copia.jpg
Adamantisaurus mezzalirai

Aeolosaurus[26]

A. maximus

"Single partially articulated skeleton."

Antarctosaurus

"A." brasiliensis

"Postcranial remains."[27]

Gondwanatitan

G. faustoi

"Partial postcranial skeleton."[28]

Maxakalisaurus[29]

M. topai

Pycnonemosaurus

P. nevesi

5 incomplete teeth, 7 caudal vertebrae, part of right pubis, right tibia, and an articulation of the right fibula

Unenlagiinae indet.[30]

A single dorsal vertebra.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Cretaceous, South America)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 600-604. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Rabassa, J. (2014). Some concepts on Gondwana landscapes: long-term landscape evolution, genesis, distribution and age. In Gondwana Landscapes in southern South America (pp. 9-46). Springer Netherlands.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Goldberg, K., & Garcia, A. J. (2000). Palaeobiogeography of the Bauru Group, a dinosaur-bearing Cretaceous unit, northeastern Paraná Basin, Brazil. Cretaceous Research, 21(2), 241-254
  10. ↑ Miall, A. D. (1990). Principles of sedimentary basin analysis (Vol. 633, p. 499). New York: Springer-Verlag.
  11. ↑ Candeiro, C. R. A., Abranches, C. T., Abrantes, E. A., Avilla, L. D. S., Martins, V. C., Moreira, A. L., ... & Bergqvist, L. P. (2004). Dinosaurs remains from western São Paulo state, Brazil (Bauru Basin, Adamantina Formation, Upper Cretaceous). Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 18(1), 1-10.
  12. ↑ Soares, P. C., Landim, P. M. B., Fulfaro, V. J., & Neto, A. S. (1980). Ensaio de caracterização estratigráfica do Cretáceo no estado de São Paulo: Grupo Bauru. Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 10(3), 177-185.
  13. ↑ Souza Jr, J. J. (1984). O Grupo Bauru na porcao mais setentrional da Bacia Sedimentar do Paraná. In 33 Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, Rio de Janeiro (Vol. 2, pp. 944-957).
  14. ↑ Dias-Brito, D., Musacchio, E. A., de Castro, J. C., Maranhão, M. S. A. S., Suárez, J. M., & Rodrigues, R. (2001). Grupo Bauru: uma unidade continental do Cretáceo no Brasil-concepções baseadas em dados micropaleontológicos, isotópicos e estratigráficos. Revue de Paléobiologie, 20(1), 245-304.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Ariel H. Méndez, Fernando E. Novas & Fabiano V. Iori (2014) New record of abelisauroid theropods from the Bauru Group (Upper Cretaceous), São Paulo State, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 17(1): 23-32 doi:10.4072/rbp.2014.1.03
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 270.
  28. ↑ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 269.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

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