Ahetze

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Ahetze
A rainbow above the village
A rainbow above the village
Coat of arms of Ahetze
Coat of arms
Ahetze is located in France
Ahetze
Ahetze
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Location within Aquitaine region
Ahetze is located in Aquitaine
Ahetze
Ahetze
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country France
Region Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Bayonne
Canton Ustaritz
Intercommunality Sud Pays Basque
Government
 • Mayor (2011–2020) Philippe Élissalde
Area1 11 km2 (4 sq mi)
Population (2009)2 1,697
 • Density 150/km2 (400/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code 64009 / 64210
Elevation 7–100 m (23–328 ft)
(avg. 25 m or 82 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Ahetze was a village in the traditional Basque province of Labourd and is now a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Aquitaine region of southwestern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aheztars[1]

Geography

Location

The commune is located some 13 km south-west of Bayonne and 30 km north-east of Donostia-San-Sebastion and only 4 km from the Atlantic beaches of Bidart and Guéthary.

Access

Ahetze village is at the intersection of departmental roads D655 from Arbonne to Bidart and D855 from Saint-Pee-sur-Nivelle to Saint-Jean-de-Luz. The commune can be accessed from Exit 4 (Biarritz La Négresse) and Exit 3 (Saint-Jean-de-Luz nord) from the A63 autoroute.

The Biarritz–Anglet–Bayonne Airport is fifteen minutes drive from the village.

Hydrography

Located in the watershed of the Adour, the commune is traversed[2] by a tributary of the coastal river Uhabia: the Zirikolatzeko erreka and its tributaries, the streams: Amisolako, Uroneko, and Besaingo as well as the Pemartiko erreka - a tributary of the Besaingo.

Paul Raymond also stated in his Topographical dictionary of Bearn-Basque Country in 1863[3] that a tributary of the Alborga: the Haïstéchéhé flows through Ahetze after rising in Saint-Pee-sur-Nivelle.

Localities and hamlets[4]

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  • Adamenea
  • Aguerria
  • Amizola[3]
  • Arrakotenea
  • Belhardiko Errota
  • Biperenborda
  • Borda
  • Dorrea
  • Etxebiaga
  • Haroztegia
  • Harrieta
  • Ithurbidea
  • Ithurbidenborda
  • Laharraga
  • Larramendia
  • Larreluzea
  • Larretxeberria
  • Larrunta or Larruntaldea[3]
  • Martikotenea
  • Mulienea
  • Olhagaina
  • Ostaleriaborda
  • Solorzano
  • Uhartea
  • Xaharrenea
  • Ximikoenea
  • Xirrikenea

Neighbouring communes and villages

 Bidart Arbonne Arcangues
Guethary Ustaritz
  Ahetze  
Saint-Pee-sur-Nivelle

Toponymy

The commune name in Basque is also Ahetze.

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan suggested that Ahetze comes from aiz meaning "stone" and by extension "high rock".[5]

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name Spelling Date Source Page Origin Description
Ahetze Ahece 1083 Orpustan Village
Ahese 1170 Orpustan
Aheze 1170 Orpustan
de Hetsa 1249 Orpustan
Villa quœ dicitur Ahece 12th century Raymond
3
 Bayonne
Aheze 13th century Raymond
3
 Bayonne
Ahetce 1302 Raymond
3
 Chapter
Ahetze 19th century Lhande
Amisolako erreka Amisola 1863 Raymond
5
 Stream
Larrustaldéa Larungoriz 13th century Raymond
95
 Bayonne Village
Ouhas-Aldéa Ouhas-Aldéa 1863 Raymond
129
 Hamlet

Sources:

  • Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy[5]
  • Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (French)[3]
  • Lhande: Pierre Lhande, Basque-French Dictionary 1926

Origins:

According to Eugène Goyheneche:[8] "two houses (…) had medieval names of Akarreta and Haranbillaga".

History

In the Middle Ages the Compostela pilgrims who chose the passage along the Atlantic coast passed near Ahetze, Ibarron and the hospital (Ospitale Zaharra) in Sare. Others preferred to fork through part of Ahetze to reach the chapel Saint-Jacques of Serres and also visit Vera by passing by Olhette and the Ibardin Pass.[9]

Heraldry

Arms of Ahetze
 Blazon:

Party per pale, one of Or a lion rampant of gules supporting a processional cross with six small bells all sable; two azure a pilgrim's stick of Or surmounted by two escallops the same..[10]

Administration

File:Ahetze (Pyr-Atl., Fr) Mairie et fronton.JPG
The Town Hall and the fronton

List of Successive Mayors of Ahetze[11]

From To Name Party Position
1957 1971 Élie Charles Philippe Marie d'Elbée
1995 2008 Pierre Cocagne
2008 2011 Jean d'Elbée[12][13] Oceanographer & Biologist
2011 2020 Philippe Élissalde School Teacher, Director

(Not all data is known)

Inter-Communality

Ahetze is a member of 8 Intercommunal organisations:

  • the Agglomeration of 'Sud Pays Basque
  • the union of Ouhabia
  • the intercommunal association of secondary schools of Saint-Jean-de-Luz
  • the intercommunal association Nive-Nivelle
  • the mixed association of Bizi Garbia
  • the association to support Basque culture
  • the joint association for drinking water from the Ura
  • the joint sanitation association of the Ura

The commune is a member of the Basque Eurocity Bayonne - San Sebastian.

Demography

In 2009 the commune had 1,697 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population Change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
415 418 433 511 524 608 579 577 644
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
620 605 595 567 553 543 540 529 533
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
550 523 537 485 456 507 459 428 460
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 -
479 484 567 869 1,069 1,318 1,452 1,697 -

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)


File:Population - Municipality code 64009.svg
Population of Ahetze

The commune is part of the urban area of Bayonne.

Economy

The 2006 classification by INSEE indicated the median household incomes for each commune with more than 50 households (30,687 communes out of 36,681 communes identified)[14] classed Ahetze at the rank of 7,693 with an average income of €17,944.

The flea market takes place every third Sunday of the month and regularly attracts lovers of antiques from the Paris region, to the Spanish communes all around and contributes to the economic revitalization of the village which has mainly agricultural activity.

The commune part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and heritage

Languages

The Map of the Seven Basque Provinces established by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte in 1863 indicated that the Basque dialect spoken in Ahetze is labourdin.

Festivals

Established in 1971, the Committee of Festivals of Ahetze (Ahetzeko Mozkor Banda) organises the following events: wheat threshing, dance evenings, a gala of Basque rural sports, loto, and employers' festivals that take place between 25 October and 11 November.

Civil heritage

  • The Ostalapia farm, now a restaurant, is a former way station on the road to Saint Jacques de Compostela and long before was a haven for the Guethariars and Bidartars when they were attacked by pirates from the ocean or by robbers. There are some boulders once used for walls in the parking area.
  • Some old Baserri dating from the 17th and 18th centuries, some of which have been extended over time. New construction follows the Labourdin style.
  • Ahetze Linteau 1655.JPG

    Lintel dating from 1655

  • Ahetze Maison Réhaussée.JPG

    House extension

  • Ahetze Harrieta.JPG

    Modern Baserri (late 20th century)

  • Ahetze Maison basque.JPG

    Basque House under a storm

  • Ahetze Stèle.JPG

    Hilarri[15]

Religious heritage

The Church of Saint Martin (16th century)Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg is registered as an historical monument.[16] The church contains a number of items that are registered as historical objects:

    • A Retable and 7 Paintings (1700)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[17]
    • A Processional Cross (15th century).Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[18] This cross, whose arms are garnished with bells, was used in witchcraft trials in the year 1609 to the outrage of Councilor Lancre[19] who saw it as an evil object. The carvings on the Cross represent the faces of Christ, the Virgin, Saint John, a pelican, and two women's heads. On the back of the cross there is the representation of a Bishop, undoubtedly Saint Martin.[8]
    • A Statue: Virgin of the Assumption (18th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[20]
    • A Statue: Saint Jacques dressed as a pilgrim (18th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[21]

Eugène Goyheneche[8] noted that the church quite exceptionally possessed a register of Catholics in Basque.

The Church Picture Gallery
  • Ahetze 2005-01-01.jpg

    Church of Saint-Martin

  • Ahetze Rue.JPG

    The bell tower seen from the village

  • Ahetze Statue.JPG

    Entrance to the Church

  • Ahetze Aurore.jpg

    The Church

  • Ahetze Cloches.JPG

    Close up of the Bells in the church

  • Ahetze (Pyr-Atl, Fr) Choeur de l'église.JPG

    The choir of the church

  • AHETZE - Eglise Saint-Martin 02.jpg

    Interior of the church

  • Ahetze (Pyr-Atl, Fr) Autel.JPG

    Altar with two pelerins of St. James

  • Ahetze (Pyr-Atl., Fr) Détail du retable, l'Annonciation.JPG

    Altar piece detail: The Annunciation

  • Ahetze (Pyr-Atl., Fr) détail du retable, Anne salue Marie.JPG

    Altar piece detail: Anna greeting Maria

  • Ahetze (Pyr-Atl., Fr) Vitrail Notre Dame du Rosaire, Mater purissima.JPG

    Stained glass in the church

  • Ahetze (Pyr-Atl., Fr) Vitrail notre Dame du Rosaire, Rosa mystica.JPG

    Stained Glass, Lady of the Rosary

Environmental heritage

On the heights of Ahetze all the Basque mountains near the Atlantic are visible: the Rhune, the Mondarrain, the Artzamendi, and the Ursuia in France as well as the Three Crowns in Spain.

  • Ahetze Mondarrain Artzamendi.jpg

    View of the Mondarrain (750m) and the Artzamendi (906m)

  • Rhune Ahetze.JPG

    La Rhune view from Ahetze

  • Trois Couronnes Ahetze.jpg

    The Three Crowns, (Spain)

  • Ahetze Besaingo.JPG

    The Besaingo erreka

  • Ahetze Moulin.JPG

    Watermill on the Besaingo erreka

Facilities

Sports and sports facilities

Ahetze has two Frontons, one is old and built into the wall of the town hall, a second was completed in 2008 as part of the new development of the town.

A Trinquet called Pantxoa Sein is next to the primary school.

A marked fitness trail runs through the south-east of the village.

  • Ahetze Fronton.jpg

    The Fronton next to the Town Hall

  • Ahetze Trinquet.JPG

    Plaque at the entrance to the Trinquet

Education

Ahetze has a primary school and a nursery.

Health

Ahetze has several health services: a general practitioner, a dentist, a nurse, a physiotherapist, and a speech therapist.

Notable People linked to the commune

File:Ahetze Treku.jpg
Statue of oc (Mattin Treku), sculpted by Piarres Erdozaintzi[Note 2]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" which allow, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For municipalities with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these municipalities is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.
  2. ↑ Piarres Erdozaintzi is a sculptor born in 1957, resident in Saint-Just-Ibarre - Source: Harria et herria, Pierre et pays, Bulletin du Musée basque, 2003 (French)

References

  1. ↑ Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  2. ↑ SANDRE Notice for Ahetze (French)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011)
  4. ↑ Géoportail, IGN (French)
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Manuscript from the 14th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  7. ↑ Chapter of Bayonne in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Eugène Goyheneche, Basque Country: Soule, Labourd, Lower Navarre, Société nouvelle d’éditions régionales et de diffusion, Pau, 1979, BnF FRBNF34647711 (French)
  9. ↑ Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, Arthaud, 1975, ISBN 2 7003 0038 6, page 53. (French)
  10. ↑ Guy Ascarat
  11. ↑ List of Mayors of France (French)
  12. ↑ At a council meeting on 21 September 2011, Mayor Jean d'Elbée, in response to a blockage of the decision-making process, called for the resignation of the entire council. After two rounds of municipal elections on 20 and 27 November 2011 Philippe Elissalde was elected mayor
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Statistical Summary by commune, department, and employment sector, INSEE, consulted on 9 September 2009 (French)
  15. ↑ Another Hilarri from Ahetze is displayed in the Bayonne Basque History Museum.
  16. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084305 Church of Saint Martin (French)Camera aabb.svg
  17. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000023 Retable and 7 Paintings (French)
  18. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000022 Processional Cross (French)
  19. ↑ Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, Arthaud, 1975, ISBN 2 7003 0038 6, page 303. (French)
  20. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000731 Statue: Virgin of the Assumption (French)
  21. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000730 Statue: Saint Jacques dressed as a pilgrim (French)
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ http://www.euskomedia.org/aunamendi/80869
  24. ↑ Claude Dendaletche, The Basque Archipelago, Éditions Privat - Cahors, 2005, ISBN 2 7089 5619 1, page 133 (French)
  25. ↑ The results of these studies were published in 1967 (The Basques Natural History, New York, J. Dausset, L. Legrand, M. H. Levine M. H., J. C. Quilice, M. Colombani, J. Ruffié), 1972 (Genetic Structure and Distribution of HL-A Antigens in a Basque village, in "Histocompatibility Testing", Copenhague, J. Ruffie, M. H. Levine, M. Blanc, P. Richard), 1972 (A New lmmunoglobulin haplotype Gm (-1, -17, 21) in a Kurdish isolate and in a French Basque village, M. H. Levine, J. Ruffie, H. Darrasse) and in 1973 (Basque Isolation: I A Hemaypological Survey of Basque Villages)

External links

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