Albert Robida

Albert Robida
File:Albert Robida.jpg
Born	1848 Compiègne, France
Died	1926 Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
Occupation	Writer, illustrator, etcher, lithographer, caricaturist, novelist, publisher
Nationality	French
Genre	Children's Books, Graphic novels

Albert Robida (14 May 1848 – 11 October 1926) was a French illustrator, etcher, lithographer, caricaturist, and novelist. He edited and published La Caricature magazine for 12 years. Through the 1880s he wrote an acclaimed trilogy of futuristic novels. In the 1900s he created 520 illustrations for Pierre Giffard's weekly serial La Guerre Infernale.

Biography

He was born in Compiègne, France, the son of a carpenter. He studied to become a notary, but was more interested in caricature. In 1866 he joined Journal amusant as an illustrator. In 1880, with Georges Decaux, he founded his own magazine La Caricature, which he edited for 12 years. He illustrated tourist guides, works of popular history, and literary classics. His fame disappeared after World War I.

Futuristic Trilogy

Albert Robida was rediscovered thanks to his trilogy of futuristic works:

• Le Vingtième Siècle (1883)
• La Guerre au vingtième siècle (1887)
• Le Vingtième siècle. La vie électrique (1890)

These works drew comparison with Jules Verne. Unlike Verne, he proposed inventions integrated into everyday life, not creations of mad scientists, and he imagined the social developments that arose from them, often with accuracy: social advancement of women, mass tourism, pollution, etc. His La Guerre au vingtième siècle describes modern warfare, with robotic missiles and poison gas. His Téléphonoscope was a flat screen television display that delivered the latest news 24-hours a day, the latest plays, courses, and teleconferences.

Works with Pierre Giffard

File:Guerre Infernale No 02 Jan-Feb 1908.jpg

La Guerre Infernale, Episode 2, January 1908

"Maison tournante aérienne" (aerial rotating house). One of Robida's drawings for his book Le Vingtième Siècle, a nineteenth-century conception of life in the twentieth century. Ink over graphite underdrawing, c. 1883, digitally restored.

Robida illustrated two works by Pierre Giffard:

• La Fin du Cheval ("The End of the Horse"), on the inevitable replacement of the horse by the bicycle and then by the car.
• La Guerre Infernale ("The Infernal War"), a 1908 serial adventure novel for children that appeared weekly every Saturday. Robida contributed 520 illustrations. The novel is set in the future and features uncanny parallels to World War Two, including an attack on London by Germany and a conflict between Japan and the United States. It was subsequently republished as a book.

Bibliography

Futuristic

La Sortie de l'opéra en l'an 2000 (c. 1902, digitally restored)

• Voyages très extraordinaires de Saturnin Farandoul, 1879 (translated by Brian Stableford as The Adventures of Saturnin Farandoul)
• Le Vingtième Siècle, 1883 (translated by Phillipe Willems as The Twentieth Century)
• La Guerre au vingtième siècle, 1887
• Le Vingtième Siècle. La vie électrique, 1890 (translated by Brian Stableford as Electric Life)
• Voyage de fiançailles au XX^e siècle
• Un chalet dans les airs (translated by Brian Stableford as Chalet in the Sky)
• L'horloge des siècles, 1902 (translated by Brian Stableford as The Clock of the Centuries ISBN 978-1-934543-13-9)
• L'Ingénieur von Satanas, 1919

Other work

• L'Île de Lutèce : enlaidissements et embellissements de la Cité
• La Bête au bois dormant
• La Part du hasard
• Le Voyage de M. Dumollet
• Les Vieilles Villes d'Italie : notes et souvenirs
• La Grande Mascarade parisienne
• La Fin des Livres, with Octave Uzanne
• Contes pour les bibliophiles, with Octave Uzanne
• Les Vieilles Villes d'Espagne, notes et souvenirs
• Un caricaturiste prophète. La guerre telle qu'elle est
• 1430, les assiégés de Compiègne
• Paris de siècle en siècle ; le cœur de Paris, splendeurs et souvenir
• Le 19^e siècle
• Les Escholiers du temps jadis
• Les Vieilles Villes d'Italie : notes et souvenirs
• Le Voyage de M. Dumollet

La Vieille France series

• La Bretagne, text, drawings and 40 additional lithographies hors by A. Robida, Paris, Librairie illustrée, ca. 1900, 336 p.
• La Touraine, text, drawings and lithography by A. Robida, Paris, La Librairie Illustrée, 336 p., 40 illustrations, undated [1892]. Tome II: Le Mans, Laval, Sablé, Angers, Saumur, Thouars, Loudun, Chinon, Vendôme
• Normandie, text, drawings and lithographies by A. Robida, Paris, La Librairie illustrée, undated [1890], 331 pages, 40 additional duotone illustrations. Tome II: Bayeux, Lisieux, Bernay, Honfleur, Le Havre, Fécamp, Dieppe, Eu, Rouen, Louviers, Évreux, Vernon. Republished: Éd. de Crémille, Genève, 1994, 169 p.
• Provence, Paris, À la Librairie illustrée, undated [1893], 332 p. Avignon, Barbentane, Orange, Carpentras, Vaucluse, Cavaillon, Sisteron, Tarascon, Beaucaire, Arles, Marseille, Toulon, Fréjus, Nice, Monaco, Menton, Aix, Nîmes, Uzès, Montpellier, Béziers, Narbonne, Carcassonne
• Paris, Splendeurs et Souvenirs, Éditions de Crémille, Genève, 1992, textes, dessins et lithographies par A. Robida, 824 p., 2 volumes. Tome 1 : Le Cœur de Paris, 412 p. Tome 2 : Paris, de Siècle en Siècle, 412 p.

Critical Studies

• Elizabeth Emery, "Albert Robida, Medieval Publicist," in: Cahier Calin: Makers of the Middle Ages. Essays in Honor of William Calin, ed. Richard Utz and Elizabeth Emery (Kalamazoo, MI: Studies in Medievalism, 2011), pp. 51–55.

External links

• The friends of Albert Robida site (French)
• 1942 Life magazine article on accuracy of Robida's predictions of future warfare, with pictures
• Works by "Albert" Robida at Project Gutenberg
• Works by Albert Robida at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)