Archduke Anton Victor of Austria

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Archduke Anton Victor
Anton Viktor Austria 1779 1835 1.gif
Archduke Anton of Austria
Born (1779-08-31)31 August 1779
Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Vienna, Austrian Empire
Burial Crypt of the Capuchins, Vienna
House Habsburg-Lorraine
Father Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
Mother Maria Luisa of Spain

Anton Victor, Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia (31 August 1779 – 2 April 1835) was an Archduke of Austria and a Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. He was also briefly the last Archbishop and Elector of Cologne and Prince-Bishop of Münster before those territories were secularised in 1803.

Anton Victor was the son of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria Luisa of Spain. He was born in Florence and died in Vienna. He never married and died without issue.

After the death of his uncle, Maximilian Franz, Archbishop and Prince-Elector of Cologne and Prince-Bishop of Münster, Anton Victor was chosen on 9 September 1801 as Prince-Bishop of Münster and on 7 October as Archbishop and Prince Elector of Cologne. The Electorate’s Rhenish territories had been occupied by the French in 1794 and had in 1800 become part of France (in Cologne’s case as sub-prefecture of the new département de la Roër, based on Aix-la-Chapelle), this state of affairs preventing Anton from taking his seat in Cologne Cathedral (which had in any case been reduced by the revolutionaries to the status of a parish church, a status which it had up till then never possessed, but which it retained even after reinstatement of the Archdiocese in 1821 until very recently) and leaving him in control only of the Duchy of Westphalia, as well as of the Prince-Bishopric of Münster. His reign was to prove a short one - in the reorganisation of the Holy Roman Empire as provided by its law of 1803 (at the time of writing still nameless) enacting the so-called Reichsdeputationshauptschluss (recte: Recès principal de la délégation extraordinaire d’Empire ‘Hauptschluß der außerordentlichen Reichsdeputation’, ‘chief recommendation of the select committee of the Reichstag’), the archiepiscopal electorates of Cologne and Treves were abolished and Anton’s remaining territories secularised, Münster being partitioned between the Prussians and various minor princes and Westphalia claimed by the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt.

Anton Victor became Grand Master of the Teutonic Order in 1804.[1] The Order's German lands, centred on Mergentheim, were secularised in 1809, but Anton remained its Grand Master until his death. Between 1816 and 1818 he was Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia.

Ancestry

Family of Archduke Anton Victor of Austria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. Charles V, Duke of Lorraine
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. Leopold, Duke of Lorraine
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. Eleonora Maria Josefa of Austria
Queen Dowager of Poland-Lithuania
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. Princess Élisabeth Charlotte of Orléans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19. Countess Palatine Elizabeth Charlotte of Simmern
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21. Eleonore-Magdalena of Neuburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. Maria Theresa of Austria
Queen of Hungary & Bohemia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22. Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. Archduke Anton Victor of Austria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24. Louis, Dauphin of France
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. Philip V of Spain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. Charles III of Spain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26. Edward II Farnese, Duke of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Elisabeth of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. Countess Palatine Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. Maria Louisa of Spain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. Augustus II of Poland
Elector of Saxony
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. Augustus III of Poland
Elector of Saxony
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Maria Amalia of Saxony
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. Maria Josepha of Austria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31. Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Calenberg
 
 
 
 
 
 

External links

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Archduke Anton Victor of Austria
Born: 31 August 1779 in Florence Died: 2 April 1835 in Vienna
Regnal titles
Preceded by Duke of Westphalia
1801–1803
Annexation
1802 to Hesse-Darmstadt
1814 to Prussian Westphalia
Catholic Church titles
Regnal titles
Preceded by Prince-Bishop of Münster1
1801–1803
Vacant
Title next held by
Ferdinand von Lüninck (Ferdinand von Lüninck (bishop))2
as Bishop of Münster
Archbishop and Elector of Cologne3
1801–1803
Vacant
Title next held by
Ferdinand August von Spiegel4
as Archbishop of Cologne
Preceded by Grand Master of
the Teutonic Order

1804–1835
Succeeded by
Maximilian of Austria-Este
Notes and references
1. Reign over the Bishopric of Münster was barred by Prussian occupation from 1802
2. The no longer princely bishopric of Münster was annexed by Prussia in 1814; 1803–20 sede vacante, it was subsequently void of regnal power and the bishop’s title was simply Bishop.
3. Reign over the Electorate of Cologne was barred by the partially French (from 1795) and partially Hessian occupation (from 1802)
4. The territory of the former Electorate of Cologne, this latter abolished by the still nameless law of 1803, was ceded to Prussia by the Congress of Vienna in 1814; the archiepiscopal see as re-established in 1821 was of course void of regnal power and Archbishop von Spiegel’s title was, like that of his successors, simply Archbishop. The practice of elevating Archbishops of Cologne to the cardinalate came only later.

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