RAF raid on La Caine HQ

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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The RAF raid on the Panzergruppe West headquarters at La Caine in Normandy was an attack by the Second Tactical Air Force of the Royal Air Force (RAF) on 10 June 1944. The attack was made on the château at La Caine, north of Thury-Harcourt which was the base of the headquarters of Panzergruppe West, the command organisation for German armoured forces in France. Several staff officers were killed in the attack and the Panzergruppe commander, General Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg was wounded. The headquarters was withdrawn to Paris, a counter-offensive being prepared against the Allied beachhead was postponed and the headquarters command functions were taken over by the headquarters of the I SS Panzer Corps; Panzergruppe West remained non-operational until 28 June.

Attack

Hawker Typhoon loaded with 60-pdr rockets

During the Battle of Normandy, the headquarters of Panzergruppe West was established in the château at La Caine. On 8 June, the location of the headquarters was revealed to British Intelligence by Ultra.[1][lower-alpha 1] On 10 June, aircraft of the Second Tactical Air Force (2nd TAF) bombed the village.[3] The raid was carried out by 40 rocket-armed Typhoons of No. 124 Wing, consisting of numbers 181, 182 and 247 squadrons and No. 245 Squadron of No. 121 Wing, that attacked in three waves from low altitude and by 61 B-25 Mitchells of No. 137 and 139 wings, comprising Nos. 226, 98, 180 and 320 (Dutch) squadrons, dropping 500-pound (230 kg) bombs from 12,000 feet (3,700 m).[4]

No. 180 Squadron, headed by Wing Commander Lynn, (the 139 Wing Commander Flying), led the formation, escorted by 33 Spitfires. 42 Typhoons took part in the operation, eight were fighters armed with four 20 mm cannon and the other 34 also carried RP-3 rockets (sources vary slightly on the number of aircraft on the operation). The Typhoons attacked in two waves thirty minutes apart. The first wave of 17 aircraft from 181 and 247 Squadrons, fired 136 rockets from 2,000 feet (610 m) on the parked vehicles and the château as the Mitchells accurately dropped 536 500-pound (230 kg) bombs on the target.[5]

Aftermath

Analysis

The attack destroyed the only German army organisation in the western theatre capable of handling a large number of mobile divisions; the survivors were withdrawn to Paris and not ready to resume operations until 28 June.[6][7] German command of the sector was temporarily given to SS-Obergruppenführer Sepp Dietrich and the I SS Panzer Corps.[8] An armoured counter-attack against the Allied beachhead planned for 10 June, was postponed for 24 hours and then cancelled. The appointment of new staff under General Heinrich Eberbach, delayed the plans for the German armoured counter-offensive by three weeks and the counter-attack never materialised, as it was overtaken by events. No German suspicions were aroused about Allied code breaking, because a reconnaissance aircraft had been seen before the raid.[9]

Casualties

File:La Cambe (9).JPG
La Cambe (9) German war cemetery

Eighteen members of the HQ staff were known to have died in the raid, including the chief of staff Generalmajor Sigismund-Helmut von Dawans.[8][10] The group commander, General Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg was wounded.[11] Although the château was not badly damaged, the nearby orchard, in which the HQ vehicles were parked, was thoroughly bombed and communications equipment was destroyed.[8]

Notes

  1. ↑ The decrypts also revealed the headquarters of the I SS-Panzer Corps near Tourville, which was attacked twice with no effect.[2]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Bennett 1979, p. 74.
  2. ↑ Hinsley 1994, p. 490.
  3. ↑ Hallion 1994, p. 18.
  4. ↑ Saunders 1954, p. 122.
  5. ↑ Terraine 1985, p. 636.
  6. ↑ Wilmot 1952, pp. 331–332.
  7. ↑ Copp 2004, p. 84.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 AHB 1947.
  9. ↑ Bennett 1979, p. 75.
  10. ↑ Le Querrec 2007.
  11. ↑ Thompson 1956, p. 288.

References

Books
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Websites
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Further reading

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External links

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