Aubin, Aveyron

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Aubin
Fort Aubin
Fort Aubin
Coat of arms of Aubin
Coat of arms
Aubin is located in France
Aubin
Aubin
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Location within Midi-Pyrénées region
Aubin is located in Midi-Pyrénées
Aubin
Aubin
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Country France
Region Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées
Department Aveyron
Arrondissement Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Canton Aubin
Intercommunality Bassin de Decazeville Aubin
Government
 • Mayor (2008–2020) André Martinez
Area1 27.23 km2 (10.51 sq mi)
Population (2010)2 4,044
 • Density 150/km2 (380/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code 12013 / 12110
Elevation 211–500 m (692–1,640 ft)
(avg. 342 m or 1,122 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Aubin is a French commune in the Aveyron department in the Midi-Pyrénées of southern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aubinois or Aubinoises.[1]

Geography

Aubin is located some 20 km south-east of Figeac and immediately south of Decazeville. Access to the commune is by road D5 from Viviez in the north-west which passes through the centre of the commune and the town and continues south to Montbazens. The D221 goes from the town north to Decazeville. The D11 goes east from the town to Cransac. The minor D513 road branches off the D5 on the north-western border of the commune and goes east through the north of the commune to Firmi. The Capdenac to Rodez railway line passes through the commune and there is a station at the town. Apart from the town there are the hamlets and villages of Severac, Ruffies, Cerons, La Croix du Broual, Combes, Tramons, Ruau, Les Escabrins, and Saugiere. The commune is mixed forest and farmland with significant sized urban areas.[2]

The Riou Morte flows through the north-eastern corner of the commune as it flows north-west before turning west at Decazeville. The Enne river flows through the commune and the town from the east and continues north-west to join the Riou Morte at Viviez. The Ruisseau du Banel flows from the east north of the village and joins the Enne on the north-western border of the commune.[2]

Neighbouring communes and villages[2]

 Viviez Decazeville Firmi
Les Albres Cransac
  Aubin  
Galgan Valzergues Auzits

History

Classical Antiquity

Lucien Mazars, an author of numerous books on local history, wrote in Aubin; its history, from its origins to the Revolution of 1789: "tradition [says] that Aubin, which bore the name Albin until the end of the 18th century, was founded by the Roman General Declus Clodius Albinus or in his honour". However, General Albinus did not exercise the functions of a legate in Gaul but rather in Roman Britain. His control of Gaul was probably too short to be able to found a town.

Middle Ages

Fort Aubin initially served as a fortress and then was occupied during the Middle Ages by the Lords of Rouergue.

Contemporary era

File:Dalmas - AUBIN - La Gare.jpg
An old postcard of Aubin station in the 1900s

The commune was the capital of the District of Aubin from 1790 to 1800.

In October 1869 soldiers fired on a demonstration of miners killing 14 and injuring 20.[3] This was the second strike in the Second Empire after the one in June 1869 at La Ricamarie.[4] Captain Bernard Gosseran who gave the order to fire on strikers was later made a chevalier of the Legion of Honour. This tragedy inspired the Ode à la Misère (Ode to Misery) by Victor Hugo.[Note 1]

Aubin railway station on the Capdenac to Rodez line opened in 1858.

Heraldry

Arms of Aubin
 Blazon:

Gules, a lion of Or, in chief Sable, a pick-axe to sinister and a hammer to dexter of Argent handled of Or posed saltirewise debruised by a miner's lamp of Argent lighted in Gules.[5]

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[6]

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Mayors from the French Revolution to 1939
From To Name Party Position
1790 1791 Jacques Rouch Labraguiere
1791 1792 Antoine de Lalande
1792 1794 Joseph Domergue
1794 1794 Joseph Alary
1794 1795 Joseph Domergue
1795 1796 Dominique Lalande
1796 1796 Jean-Jacques Descrozaille
1796 1799 Jean-Baptiste Bessiere
1799 1800 Dominique Lalande
1800 1813 Jean-Jacques Descrozaille
1813 1844 Brassat Saint-Parthem
1844 1848 Eugène Alary
1848 1870 Auguste Maruejouls
1870 1871 Adolphe Segala
1871 1872 Auguste Maruejouls
1872 1881 Charles Coince
1881 1894 Henri Descrozaille
1894 1900 Jean Barbau
1900 1904 Henri Descrozaille
1904 1924 Jules Cabrol
1924 1935 Albert Maurs
1935 1939 Edmond Ginestet
Mayors from 1939
From To Name Party Position
1939 1944 Prosper Vergnes
1944 1944 Jean Nicot
1944 1963 Edmond Ginestet
1963 1965 Jean Martin
1965 1971 René Gres
1971 1989 Lucien Mazars
1989 1995 Robert Debuchy
1995 2008 Pierre Beffre PS
2008 2020 André Martinez

(Not all data is known)

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 4,044 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 2]

Population Change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
3,150 2,935 2,954 2,364 3,392 3,017 3,078 3,321 4,413
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
8,048 7,856 8,863 8,832 9,864 9,317 9,054 9,052 9,781
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
9,973 9,986 9,574 9,740 9,387 8,322 7,495 7,982 8,275
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 -
7,821 6,635 6,283 5,782 4,846 4,360 4,258 4,044 -

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)


File:Population - Municipality code 12013.svg
Population of Aubin

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has two buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:

  • 2 Factory Chimneys (1847)Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[7]
  • The Jules Ferry du Gua School (1876).Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[8] Designed by Emmanuel Brune and built between 1876 and 1880. It is 59 metres long and 12 metres wide built on a terrace overlooking the small houses which make up the suburb of Gua.
  • The Town Hall contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
    • A Statue: Maid of Honour at the Court of Francis I (1870)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[9]
    • A Painting with frame: Miners of the Saar (1950)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[10]
    • A Painting with frame: Unnamed abstract (1973)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[11]
    • A Painting with frame: Confidences (1950)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[12]
Other sites of interest
  • The Departmental House of Memory: Museum of resistance, deportation, and citizenship
  • The Museum of Mines

Religious heritage

The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:

  • The Church of Notre-Dame-des-Mines (1942).Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[13] The Church also contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
    • A set of monumental paintings: Resurrection and Appearance of Christ, Ascension of Christ, Crowning of the Virgin (20th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[14]
    • A painting: Wayside Cross (1952)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[15]
    • A set of monumental paintings: Virgin and Child, Calvary and episodes of life of miners, Saint Famille (1951)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[16]
    • A set of monumental paintings and Wayside Cross: Cycle of the Passion of Christ, Episodes of life of miners (1951, 1952)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[17]
  • The Church of Saint-Blaise (1486).Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[18] The Church also contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
    • A Statue: Virgin and Child (16th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[19]
    • A Group Sculpture: The Resurrection (15th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[20]
    • A Statue: Christ on the Cross (12th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[21]
    • A Group Sculpture: The Baptism of Christ (15th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[22]
    • A Baptismal font (13th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[23]
    • A Consecration Cross (12th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[24]
    • An Altar (12th century)Logo monument historique - noir sans texte.svg[25]
  • The Church of Gua (1865)Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[26]

Facilities

Sports

  • The Etoile Sportive de Combes, a football club since 1921.[27]

Notable people linked to the commune

  • François Cogné, sculptor.
  • Marie-Claire Bancquart, university professor, writer and poet, born in Aubin in 1932.
  • Serge Mesonès, French footballer, born in 1948, died in 2001 at Aubin.
  • Lilian Bathelot, novelist, author, born at Aubin in 1959.
  • François Cogné 1931.jpg
    François Cogné in 1931.
  • Mcbancquarttschann 20101019.JPG
    Marie-Claire Bancquart in 2010.
  • Lilian Bathelot - Comédie du Livre 2010 - P1390028.jpg
    Lilian Bathelot in 2010.

See also

Bibliography

  • Lucien Mazars, Aubin, its history from its origins to the Revolution of 1789, L. Mazars, Aubin, 1982, 119 pages, Cov. ill., ill., 22 cm, Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (French)
  • Lucien Mazars, Mining Land, Aubin-Decazeville basin, Fil d'Ariane, Rodez, 1999, 285 pages, ill., cov. ill., 22 cm, ISBN 2-912470-16-1, BnF 36978991r (French)
  • Lucien Mazars and Francis Mazars, Mining Land in pictures, Decazeville-Aubin basin, Association des amis du Musée de la mine Lucien Mazars, Aubin, 2009, 265 pages, ill. in b&w and colour., cov. ill., 24 cm, ISBN 978-2-7466-0685-2, BnF 41491412h (French)
  • Madeleine Raygade-Panassié, Memories of Combes, coal and fire country, Association des amis du Musée du Rouergue, Rodez, 1994, 99 pages, ill., cov. ill., 24 cm, BnF 366921465 (French)
  • Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface by Pierre Beffre, Aubinh, Cransac, Firmin, Vivièrs / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton d'Aubinh, Al canton collection, Mission départementale de la culture, Rodez, 1998, 247 pages, ill., cov. ill., 28 cm, ISBN 2-907279-38-6, ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 36708370b (Spanish)
  • Michel Girval, Aubin, Le Gua, Combes in the time of old postcards, Amicale laïque et républicaine de la commune d'Aubin, Aubin, 1999, 200 pages, ill., cov. ill. in colour, 30 cm, ISBN 2-9513481-0-X, BnF 37038703v (French)
  • Engineer Senez, Aubin - Geological Map of the coal basin of Aubin (Aveyron) made in 1840, Cartographic Manuscript Document, s.n., s.l., 1840, 1 flle: ms., 40x48 cm, BnF 407204575 (French) See online
  • Marie-Line Montbroussous, History of a successful integration, the Spaniards in the Decazeville basin, Ed. du Rouergue, Rodez, 1995, 199 pages, ill., cov. ill., 23 cm, ISBN 2-905209-99-2, BnF 36685891f (French)
  • Gérard Pertus and Michel Herranz, Basin of Decazeville, Aubin, Cransac, Firmi, Viviez, factories and metalworkers. Vol. 1, Association de sauvegarde du patrimoine industriel du Bassin de Decazeville, Decazeville, 2010, 238 pages, ill., cov. ill., 31cm, ISBN 978-2-9531052-3-0, BnF 42307098h (French)
  • Gérard Pertus and Michel Herranz, Basin of Decazeville, Aubin, Cransac, Firmi, Viviez, factories and metalworkers. Vol. 2, Association de sauvegarde du patrimoine industriel du Bassin de Decazeville, Decazeville, 2012, 237 pages, ill., cov. ill., 31cm, ISBN 978-2-9531052-4-7, BnF 43520392g (French)
  • Gérard Pertus and Michel Herranz, Mines and miners, Decazeville basin: Aubin, Cransac, Firmi, Viviez, Association de sauvegarde du patrimoine industriel du Bassin de Decazeville, Decazeville, 2008, 211 pages, ill., cov. ill., 31cm, ISBN 978-2-9531052-1-6, BnF 41420313w (French)
  • Gérard Pertus and Michel Herranz, Mine Pits, Decazeville basin: Aubin, Cransac, Firmi, Viviez, Association de sauvegarde du patrimoine industriel du Bassin de Decazeville, Decazeville, 2007, 117 pages, ill., cov. ill., 31 cm ISBN 978-2-9531052-0-9, BnF 411843247 (French)
  • Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface Pierre Beffre, Aubinh, Cransac, Firmin, Vivièrs / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton d'Aubinh, Rodez, Mission départementale de la culture, 1998, Al canton coll., 247 pages, ill., cov. ill., 28 cm, ISBN 2-907279-38-6, ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 36708370 (French)

External links

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ The poem in the original French:
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    " - Quel âge as-tu ? - Seize ans.
    - De quel pays es-tu ? D'Aubin.
    - N'est-ce pas là, dis-moi, qu'on s'est battu?
    On ne s'est pas battu, l'on a tué.
    - La mine Prospérait.
    - Quel était son produit ? - La famine.
    Oui, je sais, le mineur vit sous terre, et n'a rien.
    Avec la nuit de plus, il est galérien.
    - Mais toi, faisais-tu donc ce travail, jeune fille ?
    - Avec tout mon village et toute ma famille,
    Oui. Pour chaque hottée on me donnait un sou.
    Mon grand-père était mort, tué du feu grisou.
    Mon petit frère était boiteux d'un coup de pierre.
    Nous étions tous mineurs, lui, mon père, ma mère,
    Moi. L'ouvrage était dur, le chef n'était pas bon.
    Comme on manquait de pain, on mâchait du charbon.
    Aussi, vous le voyez, monsieur, je suis très maigre ;
    Ce qui me fait du tort - Le mineur, c'est le nègre.
    Hélas, oui ! - Dans la mine on descend, on descend.
    On travaille à genoux dans le puits. C'est glissant.
    Il pleut, quoiqu'on n'ait pas de ciel. On est sous l'arche
    D'un caveau bas, et tant qu'on peut marcher, on marche ;
    Après on rampe ; on est dans une eau noire ; il faut
    Étayer le plafond, s'il a quelque défaut ;
    La mort fait un grand bruit quand tout à coup elle entre ;
    C'est comme le tonnerre. On se couche à plat ventre.
    Ceux qui ne sont pas morts se relèvent. Pas d'air.
    Chaque sape est un trou dont un homme est le ver.
    Quand la veine est en long, c'est bien ; quand elle est droite,
    Alors la tâche est rude et la sape est étroite :
    On sue, on gèle, on tousse ; on a chaud, on a froid.
    On n'est pas sûr si c'est vivant tout ce qu'on voit.
    Sitôt qu'on est sous terre on devient des fantômes.
    Les pauvres paysans qui vivent sous les chaumes
    Respirent du moins l'air des cieux. On étouffait.
    - Pourquoi ne pas vous plaindre aussi ? - Nous l'avons fait.
    Nous avons demandé, ne croyant pas déplaire,
    Un peu moins de travail, un peu plus de salaire.
    - Et l'on vous a donné, quoi ? - Des coups de fusil.
    Je m'en souviens, le maître a froncé le sourcil.
    Mon père est mort frappé d'une balle. - Et ta mère ?
    - Folle. - Et tu n'as plus rien ? - Si. J'ai mon petit frère.
    Il est infirme… "

    Victor Hugo,Ode à la Misère

  2. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

  1. ↑ Inhabitants of Aveyron (French)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Google Maps
  3. ↑ Georges Soria, Grand History of the Commune, Édition de centenaire 1971, T.I p.126 (French)
  4. ↑ Henri Guillemin, The coming of Mr. Thiers, Édition Utovie (French)
  5. ↑ name=BrianTimms>Brian Timms
  6. ↑ List of Mayors of France (French)
  7. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA12000046 2 Factory Chimneys (French)
  8. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA12000024 Jules Ferry du Gua School (French)
  9. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM12000362 Statue: Maid of Honour at the Court of Francis I (French)
  10. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM12000361 Painting with frame:Miners of the Saar (French)
  11. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM12000360 Painting with frame: Unnamed abstract (French)
  12. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM12000359 Painting with frame: Confidences (French)
  13. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA12000021 Church of Notre-Dame-des-Mines (French)
  14. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM12000382 Set of monumental paintings: Resurrection and Appearance of Christ, Ascension of Christ, Crowning of the Virgin (French)
  15. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM12000381 Painting: Wayside Cross (French)
  16. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM12000380 Set of monumental paintings: Virgin and Child, Calvary and episodes of life of miners, Saint Famille (French)
  17. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM12000363 Set of monumental paintings and Wayside Cross: Cycle of the Passion of Christ, Episodes of life of miners (French)
  18. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00093957 Church of Saint-Blaise (French)Camera aabb.svg
  19. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM12000008 Statue: Virgin and Child (French)Camera aabb.svg
  20. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM12000765 Group Sculpture: The Resurrection (French)
  21. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM12000007 Statue: Christ on the Cross (French)Camera aabb.svg
  22. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM12000006 Group Sculpture: The Baptism of Christ (French)Camera aabb.svg
  23. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM12000005 Baptismal Font (French)Camera aabb.svg
  24. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM12000004 Consecration Cross (French)
  25. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM12000003 Altar (French)Camera aabb.svg
  26. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA12000027 Church of Gua (French)
  27. ↑ Etoile sportive de Combes website (French)
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