Australian region tropical cyclone

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Tropical cyclones are non-frontal, low pressure systems that develop within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures and little vertical wind shear aloft.[1] Within the Southern Hemisphere there are officially three areas where tropical cyclones develop on a regular basis, these areas are the South-West Indian Ocean between Africa and 90°E, the Australian region between 90°E and 160°E and the South Pacific basin between 160°E and 120°W. The Australian region is monitored by five different warning centers three of which are run by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, while the other two are operated by the Papua New Guinea National Weather Service and the Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika.

Basin history

There is a history of tropical cyclones affecting northeastern Australia for over 5000 years; however, Clement Lindley Wragge was the first person to monitor and name them.[2]

In the early history of tropical cyclones in the Australian region, the only evidence of a storm was based on ship reports and observations from land. Later, satellite imagery began in the basin in the 1959/60 season, although it was not continuous until 1970. In Western Australia in particular, the lack of population centers, shipping lanes, radars, and offshore stations meant that storms were tracked infrequently. After the onset of satellite imagery, the Dvorak technique was used to estimate storm's intensities and locations.[3]

Background

The Australian region is currently defined as being between 90E and 160E and is monitored by five different warning centres during the season that runs from 1 November to 30 April. Three of the warning centres are

Seasons

1970s

Season Tropical
Lows		 Tropical
Cyclones		 Severe Tropical
Cyclones		 Strongest
storm		 Deaths Damages References
1970–71 20 20 10 Sheila-Sophie Unknown  ?
1971–72 18 18 10 Emily Unknown  ?
1972–73 15 15 8 Flores Unknown  ?
1973–74 19 19 9 Jessie Unknown  ?
1974–75 16 5 3 Trixie 71>  ?
1975–76 16 16 6 Watorea Unknown  ?
1976–77 13 5 1 Ted Unknown  ?
1977–78 9 5 2 Alby Unknown  ?
1978–79 13 3 1 Hazel Unknown  ?
1979–80 16 15 7 Amy Unknown  ?

1980s

Season Tropical
Lows		 Tropical
Cyclones		 Severe Tropical
Cyclones		 Strongest
storm		 Deaths Damages References
1980–81
1981–82
1982–83
1983–84
1984–85
1985–86
1986–87
1987–88 6 5 2
1988–89
1989–90

1990s

Season Tropical
Lows		 Tropical
Cyclones		 Severe Tropical
Cyclones		 Strongest
storm		 Deaths Damages References
1990–91 10 10 7 Marian 27
1991–92 11 10 9 Harriet-Heather 5 $9.4 million
1992–93 6 3 1 Oliver 0 $950 million
1993–94 12 11 7 Theodore 22
1994–95 19 9 6 Chloe 1
1995–96 19 14 9 Olivia 1 $58.5 million
1996–97 15 14 3 Pancho 34 $190 million
1997–98 10 9 3 Tiffany [4]
1998–99 21 14 9 Gwenda 8 $250 million [4]
1999-00 13 12 5 John/Paul 0 $251 million [4]

2000s

Season Tropical
Lows		 Tropical
Cyclones		 Severe Tropical
Cyclones		 Strongest
storm		 Deaths Damages References
2000–01 9 8 3 Sam 163 $12.8 million [4]
2001–02 14 10 4 Chris 19 $929 thousand [4]
2002–03 10 9 3 Inigo 62 $28 million [4]
2003–04 13 10 5 Fay $20 million [4]
2004–05 13 10 4 Ingrid 5 $14.4 million [4]
2005–06 17 14 9 Monica 1 $808 million [4]
2006–07 8 5 3 George 3 [4]
2007–08 23 9 3 Pancho 170 $86 million [4]
2008–09 23 11 3 Hamish 5 $103 million [4]
2009–10 13 8 4 Laurence 3 $681 million [4]

2010s

Season Tropical
Lows		 Tropical
Cyclones		 Severe Tropical
Cyclones		 Strongest
storm		 Deaths Damages References
2010–11 28 10 5 Yasi 3 $3.56 billion [4][5]
2011–12 20 8 2 Lua 16 > $230 million [5]
2012–13 18 9 4 Narelle 20 $2.5 billion [6]
2013–14 24 10 5 Ita 22 $958 million
2014–15 15 9 7 Marcia 1 > $732 million
2015–16 11 3 0 Stan 0 None [A 1]

Notes

  1. ↑ Number of tropical lows and tropical cyclones excludes Tropical Cyclone Raquel, which was considered to have been a part of the 2014-15 year.[7]

See also

References

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  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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