BMW i8

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BMW i8
2015 BMW i8 (20039281571) (2).jpg
BMW i8
Overview
Manufacturer BMW
Also called BMW Vision Efficient Dynamics, BMW Handsome Boy
Production 2014–present
Assembly Leipzig, Germany
Designer Mario Majdandzič (Vision Efficient Dynamics)[1]
Benoit Jacob (production i8)[2]
Richard Kim (2011 i8 Concept)[3]
Body and chassis
Class Sports car / Grand tourer (S)
Body style 2-door coupé
Layout Transverse mid-engine , all-wheel-drive
Related BMW i3
Powertrain
Engine B38A15T0 1.5L turbocharged Inline-3 gasoline[4]
Electric motor 98 kW (131 hp)[4]
Transmission Aisin F21-360 FT EOP
Battery 7.1 kWh lithium-ion battery[5]
Range 500 km (310 mi) in Comfort mode (NEDC)[6]
600 km (370 mi) in Eco Pro mode (NEDC)[4]
530 km (330 mi) (EPA)[7]
Electric range 37 km (23 mi) (NEDC)[5]
24 km (15 mi) (EPA)[7]
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,800 mm (110 in)[8]
Length 4,689 mm (184.6 in)[8]
Width 1,942 mm (76.5 in)[8]
Height 1,298 mm (51.1 in)[8]
Curb weight 1,485 kg (3,274 lb)[5]

The BMW i8, first introduced as the BMW Concept Vision Efficient Dynamics, is a plug-in hybrid sports car developed by BMW. The 2015 model year BMW i8 has a 7.1 kWh lithium-ion battery pack that delivers an all-electric range of 37 km (23 mi) under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).[5] Under the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cycle, the range in EV mode is 24 km (15 mi) with a small amount of gasoline consumption.[7]

The BMW i8 can go from 0–100 km/h (0 to 60 mph) in 4.4 seconds and has a top speed of 250 km/h (160 mph).[9] The BMW i8 has a fuel efficiency of 2.1 L/100 km (134.5 mpg-imp; 112.0 mpg-US) under the NEDC test with carbon emissions of 49 g/km.[5] EPA rated the i8 combined fuel economy at 76 equivalent (MPG-equivalent) (3.1 L gasoline equivalent/100 km; 91 mpg-imp gasoline equivalent).[7]

The initial turbodiesel concept car was unveiled at the 2009 International Motor Show Germany.[10] The production version of the BMW i8 was unveiled at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show.[11] The i8 was released in Germany in June 2014.[12] Deliveries to retail customers in the U.S. began in August 2014.[13] Global cumulative sales totaled almost 6,300 units through November 2015.[14][15] The top selling markets are the United States, the UK and Germany.[16]

History

The i8 is part of BMW's "Project i" and it is being marketed as a new brand, BMW i, sold separately from BMW or Mini. The BMW i3, launched for retail customers in Europe in the fourth quarter of 2013, was the first model of the i brand available in the market, and it was followed by the i8, released in Germany in June 2014 as a 2015 model year. Other i models are expected to follow.[12][17][18]

The initial turbodiesel concept car was unveiled at the 2009 International Motor Show Germany,[10] In 2010, BMW announced the mass production of the Concept Vision Efficient Dynamics in Leipzig beginning in 2013 as the BMW i8.[19] The BMW i8 gasoline-powered concept car destined for production was unveiled at the 2011 Frankfurt Motor Show.[20] The production version of the BMW i8 was unveiled at the 2013 International Motor Show Germany.[11] The following are the concept and pre-production models developed by BMW that precedeed the production version.

BMW Vision Efficient Dynamics (2009)

Vision Efficient Dynamics concept vehicle unveiled at the 2009 International Motor Show Germany.

BMW Vision Efficient Dynamics concept car is a plug-in hybrid with a three cylinder turbodiesel engine.[10] Additionally, there are two electric motors with 139 horsepower. It allows an acceleration to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 4.8 seconds and an electronically limited top speed of 250 km/h (160 mph).[19]

According to BMW, the average fuel consumption in the EU test cycle (KV01) is 3.76 liters/100 kilometers, (75.1 mpg imp), and has a carbon dioxide emission rating of 99 grams per kilometer (1,3 l/100 km and 33g CO2/km ; EU-PHEV ECE-R101). The estimated all-electric range is 50 km (31 mi), and the 24-liter petrol tank extends the total vehicle range to up to 700 km (430 mi).[19] The lightweight chassis is made mainly from aluminum. The windshield, top, doors and fenders are made from polycarbonate glass, with the body having a drag coefficient of 0.26.[21]

The designers in charge of the BMW Vision Efficient Dynamics Concept were Mario Majdandzic, Exterior Design and Jochen Paesen, Interior Design.[22]

The vehicle was unveiled in 2013 International Motor Show Germany,[23][24] followed by Auto China 2010.[25]

BMW i8 Concept (2011)

BMW i8 Concept exhibited at the 2011 International Motor Show Germany.

BMW i8 Concept plug-in hybrid electric vehicle includes an electric motor located in the front axle powering the front wheels rated 96 kW (131 PS; 129 hp) and 250 N·m (184 lb·ft), a turbocharged 1.5-liter 3-cylinder gasoline engine driving rear wheels rated 164 kW (223 PS; 220 hp) and 300 N·m (221 lb·ft) of torque, with combined output of 260 kW (354 PS; 349 hp) and 550 N·m (406 lb·ft), a 7.2 kWh (26 MJ) lithium-ion battery pack that allows an all-electric range of 35 km (22 mi). All four wheels provide regenerative braking. The location of the battery pack in the energy tunnel gives the vehicle a low centre of gravity, enhancing its dynamics. Its top speed is electronically limited to 250 km/h (160 mph) and is expected to go from 0 to 100 km/h (0 to 60 mph) in 4.6 seconds. Under normal driving conditions the i8 is expected to deliver 80 mpg-US (2.9 L/100 km; 96 mpg-imp) under the European cycle. A full charge of the battery will take less than 2 hours using 220V.[20][26] The positioning of the motor and engine over the axles results in optimum 50/50 weight distribution.[26][27][28]

The vehicle was unveiled at the 2011 International Motor Show Germany, followed by CENTER 548 in New York City,[29] 42nd Tokyo Motor Show 2011,[30] 82nd Geneva Motor Show 2012,[31] BMW i Born Electric Tour at the Palazzo delle Esposizioni at Via Nazionale 194 in Rome,[32] Auto Shanghai 2013.[33]

This concept car was featured in the film Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol.

BMW i8 Concept Spyder (2012)

The BMW i8 Concept Spyder included a slightly shorter wheelbase and overall length over the BMW i8 Concept, carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) Life module, drive modules made primarily from aluminium components, interlocking of surfaces and lines, 8.8-inch (22.4 cm) screen display, off-white outer layer, orange tone naturally tanned leather upholstery.[34]

The vehicle was unveiled in Auto China 2012 in Beijing[35] and won Concept Car of the Year,[36][37][38] followed by 83rd Geneva International Motor Show 2013.[39]

The designer of the BMW i8 Concept Spyder was Richard Kim.[3][40]

BMW i8 coupe prototype (2013)

The design of the BMW i8 coupe prototype was based on the BMW i8 Concept. The BMW i8 prototype has an average fuel efficiency of less than 2.5 L/100 km (113.0 mpg-imp; 94.1 mpg-US) under the New European Driving Cycle with carbon emissions of less than 59 g/km. The i8 with its carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) passenger cell lightweight, aerodynamically optimized body, and BMW eDrive technology offers the dynamic performance of a sports car, with an expected 0–100 km (0–60 mi) sprint time of less than 4.5 seconds using both power sources. The plug-in hybrid system of the BMW i8 comprises a three-cylinder, 1.5-liter BMW TwinPower turbo gasoline engine combined with BMW eDrive technology used in the BMW i3 and develops maximum power of 170 kW (230 hp). The BMW i8 is the first BMW production model to be powered by a three-cylinder gasoline engine and the resulting specific output of 115 kW (154 hp) per liter of displacement is on a par with high-performance sports car engines and is the highest of any engine produced by the BMW Group.[4]

BMW Vision Efficient Dynamics concept exhibited at the BMW i store in Park Lane, London.

The BMW i8's second power source is a hybrid synchronous electric motor specially developed and produced by the BMW Group for BMW i. The electric motor develops maximum power of 131 hp (96 kW) and produces its maximum torque of around 320 N·m (240 lbf·ft) from standstill. Typical of an electric motor, responsive power is instantly available when starting and this continues into the higher load ranges. As well as providing a power boost to assist the gasoline engine during acceleration, the electric motor can also power the vehicle by itself. Top speed in electric mode is approximately 120 km/h (75 mph), with a maximum driving range of up to 35 km (22 mi). Linear acceleration is maintained even at higher speeds since the interplay between the two power sources efficiently absorbs any power flow interruptions when shifting gears. The BMW i8 has an electronically controlled top speed of 250 km (160 mi), which can be reached and maintained when the vehicle operates solely on the gasoline engine. The model-specific version of the high-voltage 7.2 lithium-ion battery has a liquid cooling system and can be recharged at a conventional household power socket, at a BMW i Wallbox or at a public charging station. In the US a full recharge takes approximately 3.5 hours from a conventional 120V, 12 amp household circuit or approximately 1.5 hours from a 220V Level 2 charger.[4][41]

The driver can also select several driving modes: SPORT, COMFORT and ECO PRO. Using the gear selector, the driver can either select position D for automated gear selection or can switch to SPORT mode. SPORT mode offers manual gear selection and at the same time switches to very sporty drive and suspension settings. In SPORT mode, the engine and electric motor deliver extra performance, accelerator response is faster and the power boost from the electric motor is maximized. And to keep the battery topped up, SPORT mode also activates maximum energy recuperation during overrun and braking as the electric motor’s generator function, which recharges the battery using kinetic energy, switches to a more powerful setting. The Driving Experience Control switch on the center console offers a choice of two settings. On starting, COMFORT mode is activated, which offers a balance between sporty performance and fuel efficiency, with unrestricted access to all convenience functions. Alternatively, the ECO PRO mode can be engaged, which, on the BMW i8 as on other models, supports an efficiency-optimized driving style. On this mode the powertrain controller coordinates the cooperation between the gasoline engine and the electric motor for maximum fuel economy. On deceleration, the intelligent energy management system automatically decides, in line with the driving situation and vehicle status, whether to recuperate braking energy or to coast with the powertrain disengaged. At the same time, ECO PRO mode also programs electrical convenience functions such as the air conditioning, seat heating and heated mirrors to operate at minimum power consumption, but without compromising safety. The maximum driving range of the BMW i8 on a full fuel tank and with a fully charged battery is more than 500 km (310 mi) in COMFORT mode, which can be increased by up to 20% in ECO PRO mode. The BMW i8’s ECO PRO mode can also be used during all-electric operation. The vehicle is then powered solely by the electric motor. Only if the battery charge drops below a given level, or under sudden intense throttle application such as kickdown, is the internal combustion engine automatically activated.

The vehicle was unveiled in BMW Group's Miramas test track in France.[4][42]

Production version

BMW i8 frontal view (production model)
BMW i8 rear view (production model)

The production BMW i8 was designed by Benoit Jacob.[2] The production version was unveiled at the 2013 International Motor Show Germany,[17] followed by 2013 Les Voiles de Saint-Tropez.[43] It features butterfly doors, head-up display, rear-view cameras and partially false engine noise.[44] Series production of customer vehicles began in April 2014.[5] It is the first production car with laser headlights, reaching further than LED lights.[45]

The i8 has a low vehicle weight of 1,485 kg (3,274 lb) (DIN kerb weight) and a low drag coefficient (Cd) of 0.26. In all-electric mode the BMW i8 has a top speed of 120 km/h (75 mph). In Sport mode the i8 delivers a mid-range acceleration from 80 to 120 km/h (50 to 75 mph) in 2.6 seconds. The electronically controlled top speed is 250 km/h (160 mph).[5]

Range and fuel economy

The production i8 has a 7.1 kWh lithium-ion battery pack with a usable capacity of 5.2 kWh and intelligent energy management that delivers an all-electric range of 37 km (23 mi) under the NEDC cycle. Under the EPA cycle, the range in EV mode is 15 mi (24 km), with a gasoline consumption of 0.1 gallons per 100 mi, and as a result, EPA's all-electric range is zero. The total range is 330 mi (530 km).[7]

The production version has a fuel efficiency of 2.1 L/100 km (134.5 mpg-imp; 112.0 mpg-US) under the NEDC test with carbon emissions of 49 g/km.[5] Under EPA cycle, the i8 combined fuel economy in EV mode was rated 76 equivalent (MPG-equivalent) (3.1 L gasoline equivalent/100 km; 91 mpg-imp gasoline equivalent), with an energy consumption of 43 kW-hrs/100 mi and gasoline consumption of 0.1 gal-US/100 mi. The combined fuel economy when running only with gasoline is 28 mpg-US (8.4 L/100 km; 34 mpg-imp), 28 mpg-US (8.4 L/100 km; 34 mpg-imp) for city driving, and 29 mpg-US (8.1 L/100 km; 35 mpg-imp) in highway.[7][46]

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 2014 edition of the "Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends" introduced utility factors for plug-in hybrids to represent the percentage of miles that will be driven using electricity by an average driver, in electric only or blended modes. The BMW i8 has a utility factor in EV mode of 37%, compared with 83% for the BMW i3 REx, 66% for the Chevrolet Volt, 65% for the Cadillac ELR, 45% for the Ford Energi models, 43% for the McLaren P1, 39% for the Porsche Panamera S E-Hybrid, and 29% for the Toyota Prius PHV.[47]

Engines

Model Years Type/code Power, torque@rpm
i8 2014– 1,499 cc (91.5 cu in) I3 turbo B38A15T0 231 PS (170 kW; 228 hp)@5800, 320 N·m (236 lb·ft)@3700
hybrid synchronous motor 131 PS (96 kW; 129 hp)@?, 250 N·m (184 lb·ft)@0rpm
combined 362 PS (266 kW; 357 hp)@?, 570 N·m (420 lb·ft)@?

Sales and markets

2014 BMW i8 interior

BMW plans to sell the i8 in about 50 countries, with the U.S. expected to be the largest sales market. In Europe, BMW expected the UK, Germany and France to be the top markets.[48] On November 14, 2013, BMW announced they are taking orders for the i8 in Japan. Pricing starts at ¥19,170,000 (US$191,500) which includes the 8% consumption tax.[49] Global deliveries to retail customers totaled 1,741 units in 2014,[14] and 4,549 during the first eleven months of 2015,[15] for cumulative sales of 6,290 units worldwide through November 2015.[14][15] As of November 2015, the United States is the leading market with 2,164 units delivered,[50][51] followed by the UK with 823 units registered by the end of June 2015,[52] and Germany with 750 units registered through September 2015.[53][54]

Australia

Deliveries in Australia for the i8 commenced in March 2015 priced at $299,000 AUD.[55] 50 local examples of the i8 are allocated for Australia, with 15 of those already accounted for.[56] Unlike international sales process where the i3 and i8 are sold at dedicated BMW i Stores, Australia has six dedicated dealers across the country that will be authorised to sell the i8. Dealerships include BMW Melbourne (Southbank), BMW Sydney (Rushcutters Bay), Brisbane BMW (Fortitude Valley), Perth Auto Classic (Victoria Park), Adelaide BMW (South Australian Capital) and Rolfe Classic (Phillip).[56]

Service and repair facilities for the BMW i8 will be available at 11 authorised BMW dealers around Australia.

India

BMW introduced four variants of i8 in the Indian market in February 2015. This was the costliest offering from BMW in the country at a price of INR 2.29 Crore (Ex-Showroom) [57] The car will be sold through exclusive BMW i dealerships established in the cities of Chennai, Delhi, and Mumbai.

China

Pricing in China starts at CN¥1.988 million (~US$323,000).[58] Initially, sales of the BMW i brand vehicles are limited to seven dealerships in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Shenyang. BMW expects combined sales of around 1,000 units for its i3 and i8 models through December 2014.[59]

Europe

A total of 60 units were delivered in Europe in June 2014, its first month in the market.[60] IHS Automotive predicts that just over 1,700 BMW i8s will be sold in Europe in 2015.[61]

Germany

The i8 was released in Germany in June 2014,[12] with pricing starting at €126,000 (~US$169,000).[62] As of September 2015, registrations totaled 750 units.[53][54]

Switzerland

Deliveries began in June 2014, and a total of 64 units were registered in 2014. Cumulative sales reached 117 units through June 2015.[63]

BMW i8 production version exhibited at the 2014 New York International Auto Show.
United Kingdom

Deliveries started in the UK in July 2014, with pricing starting at GB£99,845.[64] The BMW i8 is eligible for the government's GB£5,000 Plug-in Car Grant.[65] Two weeks after deliveries began, the i8 was sold out in the UK, and, by August 2014, there was a 10-month waiting list. The BMW i8 qualifies for exemption from the London congestion charge, which is one of the factors driving its demand.[61] By the end of February 2015 there was a 9-month waiting list.[66] A total of 823 units were registered by the end of June 2015.[52]

United States

Pricing for the BMW i8 destined for the U.S. market starts at US$135,925 including destination and handling fees and before any applicable government incentives.[6] First deliveries to retail customers in the U.S. took place at the 2014 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance on August 15.[13] In order to commemorate the i8's American launch, a 2014 BMW i8 Concours d’Elegance Edition was auctioned during Gooding & Company’s annual Pebble Beach Auctions. This special edition car features BMW Individual Frozen Grey Metallic exterior paint, a Dalbergia Brown leather upholstery, trim accents in BMW i Blue, and other unique features. The car was sold for US$825,000 (€616,000 or GB£495,000) on August 16, 2014, six times the retail price of the i8. The proceedings go to the Pebble Beach Company Foundation.[67]

Cumulative sales totaled 2,164 units through November 2015.[50][51]

Awards and recognition

In July 2012 the BMW i8 won the 2012 North American Concept Vehicle of the Year.[68] The BMW i8 Spyder won the 2013 Best Production Preview Vehicle award.[69] The i8 won AutoGuide's 2015 Reader’s Choice Green Car of the Year.[70] BMW’s i8 has been the winner of the coveted title ‘World Green car of the Year’ at Fame India Eco Drive 2015 [71] It also was selected as Autoblog's 2014 Technology of the Year.[72] Top Gear Magazine awarded the i8 with their coveted Car of the Year award for 2014.[73] Green Car Journal awarded the BMW i8 with its 2015 Luxury Green Car of the Year.[74] The i8 won the UK Car of the Year 2015 and also UK Performance Car of the Year 2015.[66] The World Car of the Year organization declared the i8 as the winner of the 2015 World Green Car Award.[75]

Marketing

Louis Vuitton produced a series of carbon-black luggage for BMW i8, which included Weekender GM i8, Garment Bag i8, Business Case i8, Weekender PM i8. The luggage series went on sale in a selection of Louis Vuitton stores worldwide (Munich, Milan, London, Paris, Moscow, Dubai, New York, Los Angeles) starting April 1, 2014.[76]

Gallery

  • BMW i8 Concept IAA front.jpg
  • BMW i8 Concept IAA side.jpg
  • 11-09-04-iaa-by-RalfR-248.jpg
  • 11-09-04-iaa-by-RalfR-246.jpg
  • BMW i8 Concept.jpg
  • BMW i8 Concept rear.jpg

  • BMW i8 Backside

  • BMW i8 Frontside

  • BMW i8 Frontside 2

  • BMW i8 Cockpit

  • BMW i8 Console

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 http://www.bmwblog.com/2012/12/24/bmwblog-interviews-benoit-jacob-head-of-design-bmw-i/
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 http://inhabitat.com/photos-bmw-unveils-i3-electric-car-and-i8-hybrid-electric-vehicle-on-us-soil-for-the-first-time/bmw-i8-with-designer-richard-kim/
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 http://www.bmw.co.uk/en_GB/new-vehicles/bmw-i/i8/2013/technical-data.html>
  9. ↑ http://www.bmw.co.uk/en_GB/new-vehicles/bmw-i/i8/2013/technical-data.html
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  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. A total of 16,052 i3s and 1,741 i8s were sold in 2014.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. A total of 21,052 BMW i3s and 4,549 BMW i8s have been delivered to customers worldwide between January and November 2015.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. pp. 12
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  22. ↑ Interview with BMW Vision EfficientDynamics designers
  23. ↑ A vision becomes reality: BMW announces serial production of sports car with plug-in hybrid technology.
  24. ↑ BMW at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show.
  25. ↑ BMW at 2010 Auto China Beijing.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ BMW i - a new understanding of mobility.
  29. ↑ Media Alert: BMW to Unveil the BMW i3 and BMW i8 Concept Vehicles for the First Time in North America at a Special Sneak Preview Event on Wednesday, November 9th in New York City
  30. ↑ BMW i at the 42nd Tokyo Motor Show 2011.
  31. ↑ BMW at the 82nd Geneva Motor Show 2012.
  32. ↑ BMW i Born Electric Tour makes first stop in Rome
  33. ↑ BMW at Auto Shanghai 2013.
  34. ↑ BMW i8 Concept Spyder.
  35. ↑ BMW i8 Concept Spyder with BMW eDrive in Beijing. New designation for the drive technology of all future electric and plug-in hybrid cars.
  36. ↑ http://www.digitaltrends.com/cars/bmws-i8-roadster-wins-concept-car-of-the-year-award-debut-set-for-2014/
  37. ↑ http://www.caranddriver.com/news/bmw-i8-concept-spyder-photos-and-info-car-news
  38. ↑ http://www.roadandtrack.com/car-shows/beijing-auto-show/revealed-bmw-i8-concept-spyder
  39. ↑ BMW at the 83rd Geneva International Motor Show 2013.
  40. ↑ http://www.motorpressguild.org/assets/documents/Design_Panel_2012_bios.pdf
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  42. ↑ The BMW i8 – New Take on The Ultimate Driving MachineTM powertrain, lightweight design and driving experience.
  43. ↑ BMW partners Les Voiles de Saint-Tropez – the yachting jewel of the Mediterranean. "Round the world in 45 days" world record holder Loïck Peyron represents BMW as ambassador at the top-class meeting of high-tech and classic aesthetics.
  44. ↑ Ziegler, Chris. "THUNDER AND LIGHTNING: BMW i8 REVIEW" The Verge, 13 November 2014. Accessed: 17 November 2014.
  45. ↑ Bernth, Martin. "Ingeniøren-journalist blev blød i knæene over ny BMW-sportsvogn" English translation Ingeniøren, 27 November 2014. Accessed: 27 November 2014.
  46. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. pp. 35
  47. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. See Table 7.2 - MY 2014 Alternative Fuel Vehicle Powertrain and Range.
  48. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  49. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. See sections "December 2014 Plug-in Hybrid Car Sales Numbers" - A total of 555 BMW i8s were sold in 2014.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. A total of 2,484 BMW i3s and 823 BMW i8s were registered in the UK at the end of June 2015.
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. A total of 400 units were registered in Germany in 2014.
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. A total of 1,422 i3s and 350 i8s were registered in Germany during the first nine months of 2015.
  55. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  62. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  63. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Under "Modellstatistik Januar – Juni 2015" download the xls file "ModellePW2015" for CYTD 2015 sales, and under "Modellstatistiken 2008–2014" click "2014 Statistik" to download the file "ModellePW2014" with sales by model for 2014 - A total of 64 units were sold in 2014 and 53 during the first half of 2015.
  64. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  65. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Download the press release attachment file (173.41 KB) for details.
  67. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  68. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  69. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  70. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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Luxury 6 Series E24 E63 / E64 F12 / F13
F06
7 Series E23 E32 E38 E65 / E66 / E67 / E68 F01 / F02 / F03 / F04 G11 / G12
GT 8 Series E31
Roadster Z Series E30 (Z1) E36/7 & E36/8 (Z3) E85 / E86 (Z4) E89 (Z4)
M 1 Series M E82 M
M2 F22 M2
M3 E30 M3 E36 M3 E46 M3 E90/92/93 M3 F80
M4 F82 / F83
M5 E28 M5 E34 M5 E39 M5 E60/61 M5 F10 M5
M6 E24 M635CSi/M6 E63/64 M6 F06/12/13 M6
M Roadster E36/7 (Z3) M E85 (Z4) M
M Coupé E36/8 M Coupé E86 M Coupé
Sports car E26 (M1) E52 (Z8)
SUV X1 E84
X3 E83 F25
X4 F26
X5 E53 E70 F15
X6 E71 / E72 F16
PAV 3 GT F34
5 GT F07
i i3 I01
i8 I12
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