Baicheng

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Baicheng
白城市
Prefecture-level city
Dust storm comes to Baicheng in 2001
Dust storm comes to Baicheng in 2001
Baicheng (red) in Jilin (orange)
Baicheng (red) in Jilin (orange)
Baicheng is located in Jilin
Baicheng
Baicheng
Location of the city centre in Jilin
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country People's Republic of China
Province Jilin
Incorporated (town) 1915
Incorporated (city) 1958
City seat Taobei District
County-level divisions 5
Government
 • Type Prefecture-level city
 • CPC Baicheng Secretary Li Jinxiu (李晋修)
 • Mayor An Guiwu (安桂武)
Area
 • Total 25,683 km2 (9,916 sq mi)
Elevation 154 m (505 ft)
Population (2010)[1]
 • Total 2,033,058
 • Density 79/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zone China Standard (UTC+8)
Postal code 137000
Area code(s) 0436
Licence plates G
ISO 3166-2 cn-22-08
Website http://www.bc.jl.gov.cn/

Baicheng (Chinese: 白城; pinyin: Báichéng; literally: "White City") is a prefecture-level city in the northwestern part of Jilin province, People's Republic of China, bordering Inner Mongolia to the north and west and Heilongjiang to the east and northeast. At the 2010 census, 2,033,058 people resided within its administrative area of 25,683 km2 (9,916 sq mi).[1]

History

The area around present day Baicheng was a nomadic area which was inhabited by several nomad tribes in Northeast China as early as the Late Neolithic Age, including the Eastern Hu, the Xianbei, the Fuyu, and the Khitans once inhabited the area. During the Liao Dynasty, Baicheng was the political center of four emperors, including Emperor Shengzong, Emperor Xingzong, Emperor Daozong, and Emperor Tianzuo, as the seat of the local government was located at Chengsijiazi Ancient fort in today's Taobei District. As Qing Government forsook the settlement of Han Chinese in the 19th century, no farming was allowed until 1902. In 1904 Baicheng became a county going by the name of Jing'an (靖安). In 1914 Jing'an County was renamed Tao'an (洮南). By 1938 it was finally renamed Baicheng, which in Chinese means white town. The name's origin is the Mongolian name of the city Chaghanhot, which also means "white town".[2] Baicheng used to belong to Nenjiang and Heilongjiang province, under the jurisdiction of the former provincial capital Qiqihar. In 1954, with the Heilongjiang Province merged with Songjiang Province, Baicheng was incorporated into Jilin Province.

Baicheng's importance started to increase after a railway from Qiqihar to Siping through Baicheng was constructed in the 1920s. In the 1930s another railway connecting Baicheng to Ulanhot and the mines at Arxan was opened northwestward. These two lines enabled Baicheng to become a regional transportation hub in western Jilin Province. One more rail line connectiong Changchun was opened in the mid-1930s as well.[3]

Geography

Topography

Baicheng is located in the eastern part of the Horqin Grassland, and situated in the northwestern part of Jilin Province. Bordering prefecture cities are:

  • Songyuan (SE)
  • Qiqihar (N)
  • Xingan League (W)

The city's metro area is located 333 kilometres (207 mi) from the provincial capital of Changchun, 218 kilometres (135 mi) from Qiqihar, 448 kilometres (278 mi) from Siping, and 83 kilometres (52 mi) from Ulanhot. The city is located at latitude 44° 13′—46° 18′ N and longitude 121° 38′—124° 22' E. At its greatest width, the city spans 230 kilometres (142.9 mi) from north to south and 211 kilometres (131 mi) from east to west. The total area of the city is 25,683 square kilometres (9,916 sq mi), occupying a mere 13.7% of the provincial area. The eastern part of the Greater Khingan Mountains lies in the northwest of Baicheng. Grassland and wetlands are prominent throughout the city's southeastern part.

Climate

Baicheng has a rather dry, monsoon-influenced, humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), with long (lasting from November to March), very cold, windy, but dry winters due to the influence of the Siberian high, and hot, humid summers, due to the East Asian monsoon. The coldest month, January, averages −16.4 °C (2.5 °F), while the warmest month, July, averages 23.4 °C (74.1 °F); the annual mean is 5.04 °C (41.1 °F). More than 70% of the annual precipitation falls from June to August alone. Drought conditions are common in spring and autumn; from 1961 to 2009, there were 31 years with spring drought and 28 with autumn drought.[4]

Climate data for Baicheng (1971−2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 5.9
(42.6)
12.8
(55)
24.3
(75.7)
31.2
(88.2)
38.1
(100.6)
38.6
(101.5)
37.3
(99.1)
37.7
(99.9)
31.7
(89.1)
29.8
(85.6)
17.5
(63.5)
7.2
(45)
38.6
(101.5)
Average high °C (°F) −9.1
(15.6)
−4.1
(24.6)
4.3
(39.7)
14.9
(58.8)
22.5
(72.5)
26.9
(80.4)
28.5
(83.3)
27.2
(81)
21.7
(71.1)
13.0
(55.4)
1.3
(34.3)
−6.9
(19.6)
11.7
(53.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −16.4
(2.5)
−11.7
(10.9)
−2.7
(27.1)
7.6
(45.7)
15.7
(60.3)
20.9
(69.6)
23.4
(74.1)
21.5
(70.7)
14.9
(58.8)
6.0
(42.8)
−5.1
(22.8)
−13.6
(7.5)
5.04
(41.07)
Average low °C (°F) −22.4
(−8.3)
−18.3
(−0.9)
−10.1
(13.8)
−0.1
(31.8)
8.2
(46.8)
14.8
(58.6)
18.3
(64.9)
16.0
(60.8)
8.4
(47.1)
−0.3
(31.5)
−10.6
(12.9)
−19
(−2)
−1.3
(29.7)
Record low °C (°F) −38.1
(−36.6)
−30.3
(−22.5)
−26
(−15)
−13.6
(7.5)
−4.4
(24.1)
3.7
(38.7)
8.7
(47.7)
7.1
(44.8)
−2.9
(26.8)
−19.6
(−3.3)
−29.3
(−20.7)
−35.1
(−31.2)
−38.1
(−36.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.5
(0.02)
1.2
(0.047)
4.5
(0.177)
13.7
(0.539)
27.6
(1.087)
80.8
(3.181)
130.6
(5.142)
82.0
(3.228)
37.3
(1.469)
15.4
(0.606)
3.2
(0.126)
1.6
(0.063)
398.4
(15.685)
Average precipitation days 1.4 2.0 2.9 3.9 6.8 11.3 12.5 10.5 7.4 4.0 2.6 2.5 67.8
Source: [4]

Administrative divisions

Map
# Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population (2003 est.) Area (km²) Density (/km²)
1 Taobei District 洮北区 Táoběi Qū 490,000 2,525 194
2 Da'an City 大安市 Dà'ān Shì 420,000 4,879 86
3 Taonan City 洮南市 Táonán Shì 440,000 5,108 86
4 Zhenlai County 镇赉县 Zhènlài Xiàn 310,000 4,695 66
5 Tongyu County 通榆县 Tōngyú Xiàn 350,000 8,476 41

Economy

Textile industry is one of the main pillars of the economy. Agriculture of the area is centred on plantation of soy beans and oil plants.

Transportation

Railway

Baicheng Railway Station

Baicheng railway station is a railway hub in western Jilin Province. There are multiple daily departures to other cities including Beijing, Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang, Dalian, Qiqihar, Ulanhot and several other cities in northern provinces of China.

Air

Baicheng Chang'an Airport has been under construction since October 26, 2012.[5]

Sister cities

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 2010年吉林省第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报(Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China)
  2. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. Encyclopedia Britannica:Baicheng http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/438371/Baicheng
  4. 4.0 4.1 Weather.com.cn. Accessed 2011-05-28.
  5. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links