G1 Beijing–Harbin Expressway

Beijing–Harbin Expressway
北京－哈尔滨高速公路
Jingha Expressway 京哈高速公路
290px Beijing–Harbin Expressway in red.
Taken July 2004
Route information
Part of AH31
Length:	1,200 km (700 mi)
Existed:	28 September 2001 – present
Major junctions
South end:	Sifang Bridge, Shuanglong Road and 4th Ring Road, Beijing
	Wufang Bridge, 5th Ring Road, Beijing Shiyuan Bridge, 6th Ring Road, Beijing National Highway 103, Beijing S1 Jinji Expressway, Tianjin G25 Changchun–Shenzhen Expressway (north) and Tangshan West Outer Ring Expressway (south), Tangshan, Hebei National Highway 112, Tangshan, Hebei G25 Changchun–Shenzhen Expressway (south), Tangshan, Hebei Yanhai Expressway, Qinhuangdao, Hebei G16 Dandong–Xilinhot Expressway (north), Jinzhou, Liaoning G2512 Fuxin–Jinzhou Expressway, Jinzhou, Liaoning G16 Dandong–Xilinhot Expressway (south), Panjin, Liaoning G91 Liaozhong Ring Expressway, Shenyang, Liaoning G1501 Shenyang Ring Expressway, Shenyang, Liaoning G2511 Xinmin–Lubei Expressway, Shenyang, Liaoning G1501 Shenyang Ring Expressway, Shenyang, Liaoning G25 Changchun–Shenzhen Expressway, Siping, Jilin G1201 Changchun Ring Expressway (south), Changchun, Jilin G1201 Changchun Ring Expressway (north), Changchun, Jilin G10 Suifenhe–Manzhouli Expressway and G1001 Harbin Ring Expressway, Harbin, Heilongjiang
North end:	China National Highway 102, Harbin, Heilongjiang
Highway system
Expressways National Highways Transport in China ← G99 G1N →

The Beijing–Harbin Expressway (simplified Chinese: 北京－哈尔滨高速公路; traditional Chinese: 北京－哈爾濱高速公路), designated as G1 and commonly abbreviated as Jingha Expressway (Chinese: 京哈高速) is an expressway in northeastern China linking the cities of Beijing and Harbin.

The Beijing–Harbin Expressway is commonly referred to as the Jingha Expressway. This name is derived from the two one-character Chinese abbreviations of the two cities at which the expressway terminates, Jing for Beijing and Ha for Harbin.

Route

The Beijing–Harbin Expressway runs from Beijing, the capital of the People's Republic of China, to Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. It passes through the following major cities:

• Beijing
• Langfang, Hebei
• Tianjin
• Tangshan, Hebei
• Qinhuangdao, Hebei
• Huludao, Liaoning
• Jinzhou, Liaoning
• Shenyang, Liaoning
• Siping, Jilin
• Changchun, Jilin
• Harbin, Heilongjiang

History

The first section of the Beijing–Harbin Expressway, opened in the 1990s was the short-lived Jingqin Expressway, running between the outskirts of Beijing and Qinhuangdao.

In 1990s the expressway was extended northeast from Qinhuangdao to Shenyang and westward to the 4th Ring Road in Beijing to become the Jingshen Expressway. The 658 km expressway from central Beijing to Shenyang was completed in time for the 50th anniversary of the People's Republic of China. It opened to the general motoring public on September 15, 1999, after four years of work on different sections.

The expressway was extended to Harbin during the rapid expansion of the Chinese expressway system in the 2000s. The completed expressway was opened on September 28, 2001. It is now one of the seven radial expressways emanating from Beijing.

Improvements were made to the expressway in 2003 and 2004 by removing several toll stations in 2003 and repairing the previously uneven road surface between the 6th Ring Road and Xijizhen in Beijing in 2004.

On October 8, 2004, 36 vehicles were involved a horrendous series of car crashes on the expressway. The crashes occurred in the westbound lanes near the interchange with the Jinji Expressway, in the Tianjin municipality. Traffic was delayed up for over one and a half hours.

Toll network

When the expressway opened in September 1999, people were complaining about one thing: namely, the sheer number of toll gates. In some cases, a toll booth appeared every 15 kilometres.

It so turned out that the Jingshen expressway was constructed by different organisations, and as a result, each set up their own toll gate. This seemed to be OK at the start, but made traffic awfully slow, as traffic piled up in front of toll gates.

The PRC's Ministry of Communications (Transport) stepped in after four years and declared that, effective September 1, 2003, the Baodi toll gate in Tianjin and the Yutian toll gate in Hebei would be demolished, in order to create a networked toll system. Additionally, two expressway toll gates near Shanhaiguan would be merged as one. (Plans also hint that the toll gate at Bailu, Beijing, just east of the Eastern 5th Ring Road, would be gone soon, as soon as Beijing "gets its act together" and joins the networked toll system. The toll gate at Xianghe in Hebei, however, would be kept.)

Thus, for the section from Xianghe in western Hebei through to Shanhaiguan in eastern Hebei (and even through the Tianjin portion), this networked toll system applies—one of the first of its kind. This does away with the previous system, where toll booths appeared every time the jurisdiction changed. For some odd reason, Beijing and Liaoning are still not part of the networked toll system.

China plans to expand the networked toll system nationwide, starting with the Jingshen expressway as some kind of testing ground. For now, the change is being accepted positively. Average speed on the expressway has gone up, and a May 2004 law on traffic in general raised maximum speed limits on expressways nationwide from 110 km/h to 120 km/h. This makes traffic jams on this expressway either rare, or a thing of the past.

Detailed Itinerary

File:JIngshen Expwy Xianghe TollGate.jpg

The Xianghe Toll Gate (Jingshen Expwy Hebei segment, July 2004 image)

Jingshen Expressway (Beijing segment, taken in July 2004)

Jingshen Expressway (Tianjin segment, taken in July 2004)

The following is a list of interchanges As of 2005 along the expressway from Beijing to Shenyang.

From Beijing
Continues as: Shanglong Road
0		East 4th Ring Road
0c		Louzizhuang 40px Happy Valley Scenic Area Station 30px Happy Valley Beijing
3		Gaobeidian Road
4		Side Road
5 A-B		East S50 5th Ring Road
6		Dougezhuang
Beijing Bailu Toll Station
Beijing Metropolitan Area
12		Tongma Highway 30px X014 Road
70px Tianjiafu Service Area
		40px G45-East G4501 6th Ring Road
		G103 Road S301 Road
		30px X002 Road
		S207 Road
		30px G95 Capital Ring Expressway
Beijing City Hebei Province
		30px S271 Road
Hebei Xianghe Toll Station
		30px S274 Road
Hebei Province Tianjin City
		30px S210 Road
80		30px S101 Road
		S1 Jinji Expressway
		S21 Tangcheng Expressway
		30px X574 Road
70px Xinanzhen Service Area
Tianjin City Hebei Province
		S208 Road
70px Yutian Service Area
		S027 Road
		G25 Changshen Expressway
149		G112 – Tangshan, Fengrun
		G2502 Tangjin Expressway
		30px S23 Expressway
		30px S262 Road
70px Luanxian Service Area
	30px	30px Qian'an Expressway
		S252 Road
70px Lulong Service Area
		30px S026 Road
		30px S261 Road
		40px S025 Jingshen Expressway
70px Beidaihe Service Area
		40px S012 Yanhai Expressway (To be renamed 40px G0111 Qinbin Expressway) 30px S52 Chengqin ExprGessway
	30px	30px35px G1N Jingqin Expressway
		G102 Road Qinhuangdao
		30px S251 Road Qinhuangdao
		30px S024 Road Qinhuangdao
Shanhaiguan Toll Station
70px Shanhaiguan Service Area
		G102 Road 30px S364 Road
Hebei Province Liaoning Province
		G102 Road
Wanjia Toll Station
		G102 Road Qianwei
70px Suizhong Service Area
		G306 Road S213 Road Suizhong
		G102 Road Shahouzuo
70px Xingcheng Service Area
		G102 Road Xingcheng
	30px	30px 30px Expressway
Huludao Metropolitan Area
		Haichen Road Towards G102 Road
		Daodong Road
70px Tashan Service Area
442		S306 Road
Huludao Metropolitan Area
Jinzhou Economic and Technical Development Zone
		30px S204 Road S308 Road
Jinzhou Economic and Technical Development Zone
		G16 Danxi Expressway
Concurrent with G16 Danxi Expressway
		30px S209 Road
70px Linghai Service Area
		40px G2512 Fujin Expressway
481		30px X711 Road
		S308 Road
Concurrent with G16 Danxi Expressway
		G16 Danxi Expressway 30px 30px S21 Fuying Expressway
70px Panjin Service Area
		G305 Road Panjin
		30px S210 Road Gaosheng
		S307 Road
		30px G91 Liaozhong Ring Expressway
70px Liaozhong Service Area
		30px S106 Road S107 Road Liaozhong
		30px S304 Road Ciyutuo
Shenyang Metropolitan Area
639		Gaohua 70px Gaohua Service Area
Shenyang Toll Station
(0)		G1113 Dafu Expressway AH3140px G1501 Shenyang Ring Expressway G102 Road G202 Road 30px S109 Road
Shenyang Metropolitan Area
Concurrent with 40px G1501 Shenyang Ring Expressway Concurrent with G1113 Danfu Expressway
(5)		G304 Road
Concurrent with G1113 Danfu Expressway
(11)		G1113 Danfu Expressway
		Xijiang Street
Shenyang Metropolitan Area
		G101 Road x30px x30px Yixueyaun Station
		Lingyuan Street
		G203 Road
Concurrent with 40px G1501 Shenyang Ring Expressway
		40px G1501 Shenyang Ring Expressway Shenyan Road
Shenyang Metropolitan Area
		Puhe Road Towards Huishan Qipanshan Forest Park
		G102 Road S107 Road
		Guaipo Scenery Zone
		G102 Road S331 Road
		30px G91 Liaozhong Ring Expressway
Yinzhou Metropolitan Area
		G102 Road
70px Tieling Service Area
		G102 Road
Yinzhou Metropolitan Area
70px Kaiyuan Service Area
		S303 Road Kaiyuan
		S14 Liaokai Expressway
		G102 Road Changtu
		G102 Road Shuangmiaozi
		S17 Pingkang Expressway
Maojiadian Toll Station
Liaoning Province Jilin Province
Siping Metropolitan Area
Siping Toll Station
		Kaifaqu Road North to Siping-Centre South to G303 Road
Siping Metropolitan Area
70px Kaoshantun Service Area
		30px X152 Road Guojiadian
70px Gongzhuling Service Area
		G102 Road Gongzhuling South Station
70px Taojiantun Service Area
		30px X063 Road Fanjiatun
Changchun Metropolitan Area
949		G0102 Changchun Ring Expressway
Concurrent with G0102 Changchun Ring Expressway
70px Changchun Service Area
960		S26 Fuchang Expressway Renmin Street Changchun-Centre
969		30px S102 Road Zhongyiyaodaxue Station
977 A-B		G12 Hunwu Expressway Orient Square Museum of the Imperial Palace of the Manchu State Changchun-Centre
Concurrent with G12 Hunwu Expressway
983		30px S101 Road Dongrong Road Changchun-Centre Xinglongshan
993		North Yuanda Street Towards G102 Road Changchun-Centre
Concurrent with G0102 Changchun Ring Expressway Concurrent with G12 Hunwu Expressway
995		G0102 Changchun Ring Expressway G12 Hunwu Expressway
70px Mishazi Service Area
Changchun Metropolitan Area
		Deha Road Dehui
		X025 Road Caiyuanzi
		30px X144 Road Yutao Road Taolaizhao Towards Yushi
		S301 Road Fuyu
Jilin Province Heilongjiang Province
		G102 Road Lanling
		G102 Road Shuangcheng
70px Yunlianghe Service Area
Harbin Metropolitan Area
		AH6 G10 Suiman Expressway 40px G1001 Harbin Ring Expressway
Harbin Wapenyao Toll Station
	30px	G102 Road 30pxx30px Tongjiang Road Station
Continues as: G102 Road
Towards Beijing