Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania

Bogislaw XIV
Duke of Pomerania
File:BogislawXIV.1632.JPG
Spouse(s)	Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg
Noble family	House of Griffins
Father	Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania
Mother	Clara of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Born	(1580-03-31)31 March 1580 Barth
Died	Stettin

Bogislaw XIV of Pomerania or Bogislavs XIV (Latin: Bogislaus XIV; Polish: Bogusław XIV) (31 March 1580 – 10 March 1637) was the last Duke of Pomerania. His titles included Duke of Stettin (Szczecin), Cassubiorum et Vandalorum; Prince of Rügen; and Lutheran Bishop of Cammin (Kamień).

Biography

Bogislaw was born in Barth as a member of the House of Pomerania. He was the third son of Duke Bogislaw XIII by his first wife Clara of Brunswick-Lüneburg. On the death of his father in 1606, he and his younger brother George II became joint Dukes of Rügenwalde (Darłowo). George II died in 1617, and Bogislaw became sole ruler. In 1620 his domain was incorporated into the Duchy of Stettin, which he inherited on the death of his elder brother Francis. Early in 1625 he became ruler of all West Pomerania on the death of the last Duke of Wolgast, Philipp Julius, and on the 19 February he was married to Elisabeth (24 September 1580 - 21 December 1653), fifth daughter of John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg, by his first wife, Elisabeth of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.

File:BogislawXIV.GustavII.Adolf.JPG

Gustavus Adolphus and Bogislaw XIV.

Despite his attempts to avoid becoming embroiled in the Thirty Years' War, Bogislaw in the Capitulation of Franzburg was forced to allow imperial troops commanded by Albrecht von Wallenstein to use his territories as a base in 1627. In turn, his lands became embroiled in the war, with all its disastrous consequences. In the 1630s, many of the local nobility tried to lessen his power, and this problem occupied Bogislaw in the early 1630s, causing a stroke which left him partial paralyzed. In 1634 he abdicated without clear succession resulting in a constitutional power struggle between his relatives and the governing council. With the constitutional issues unresolved, no recognized male issue, and virtually all of Pomerania occupied by Swedish and imperial troops, Bogislaw died in 1637. The conflicts and issues surrounding the personal and constitutional succession and general future of Pomerania as a dukedom were of such gravity and complexity that they resulted in the postponement of the burial of Bogislaw's body for almost 20 years.

The succession to his lands was mainly between George William, Elector of Brandenburg, the heir under a pact between the two families in 1464, and his brother-in-law Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, who had occupied much of Pomerania on entering the Thirty Years' War in 1629. According to Bogislaw' last will, in case of no succession with the House of Pomerania, his lands were to pass to Sweden, not to Brandenburg-Prussia. Both, Sweden and Brandenburg, exploited not only their position as superior military and occupying powers but also the succession conflicts within the House of Pomerania itself. Therefore, when the allocation of territory was decided at the Peace of Westphalia which concluded the war in 1648, Pomerania was carved up and the territories were split between Sweden and Brandenburg. This meant that the Peace of Westphalia marked the end of Pomerania as an autonomous, political entity.

On 25 May 1654, almost seven years after Pomerania had lost her independence and only after Bogislaw's wife Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg had died, could Bogislaw's body finally be put to rest in Stettin.

Ancestors

Family of Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania

16. Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania               8. George I, Duke of Pomerania                       17. Anna Jagiellonica               4. Philip I, Duke of Pomerania                             18. Philip, Elector Palatine               9. Amalie of the Palatinate                       19. Margaret of Bavaria, Electress Palatine               2. Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania                                   20. Ernest, Elector of Saxony (= 26)               10. John, Elector of Saxony                       21. Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony (= 27)               5. Maria of Saxony, Duchess of Pomerania                             22. Waldemar VI, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen               11. Margaret of Anhalt-Köthen                       23. Margaret of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg               1. Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania                                         24. Otto V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg               12. Henry I of Lüneburg                       25. Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg               6. Francis, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg                             26. Ernest, Elector of Saxony (= 20)               13. Margarete of Saxony                       27. Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony (= 21)               3. Clara of Brunswick-Lüneburg                                   28. John V, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg               14. Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg                       29. Dorothea of Brandenburg, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg               7. Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg                             30. Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg               15. Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg                       31. Catherine of Pomerania, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg

See also

• List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes
• History of Pomerania
• Duchy of Pomerania
• House of Pomerania

References

State Archive (Geheimes Staatsarchiv) Stettin Rep.4 P. 1 Tit.49, No.50-114. Wehrmann, Genealogy of Ducal House of Pomerania, 1937 Stettin, p. 127.

External links

Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania House of Griffins Born: 31 March 1580 Died: 10 March 1637
Regnal titles
Preceded by Ulrich	Administrator of Cammin prince-bishopric 1623-1637	Succeeded by Ernst Bogislaw von Croy
Preceded by George II	Duke of Pomerania-Rügenwalde (Darłowo) 1617-1625	Unification of Pomerania
Preceded by Francis	Duke of Pomerania-Stettin 1620-1625
Preceded by Philip Julius	Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast 1625
Unification of Pomerania	Duke of Pomerania 1625-1637	Swedish occupation