Breguet (brand)

Breguet SA

Type	Private company
Industry	Luxury watchmaking
Founded	1775
Founder	Abraham-Louis Breguet
Headquarters	Vallée de Joux, Switzerland
Key people	Abraham-Louis Breguet
Parent	The Swatch Group
Website	breguet.ch

A Breguet squelette watch 2933 with tourbillon

File:Breguet MG 2575.jpg

Breguet No. 627 watch

Breguet is a Swiss manufacturer of luxury watches, founded by Abraham-Louis Breguet in Paris in 1775. Currently part of The Swatch Group, its timepieces are now (since 1976) produced in the Vallée de Joux in Switzerland.

The company, along with Blancpain and Vacheron Constantin, is one of the oldest surviving watch-making establishments and a pioneer of numerous watch-making technologies, such as the tourbillon, invented by Abraham-Louis Breguet. It also produced the first wrist watch in 1810.

Breguet watches are often easily recognized for their coin-edge cases, guilloché dials and blue pomme hands (often now referred to as 'Breguet hands').

In addition to watches, Breguet also manufactures writing instruments, women's jewelry, and cufflinks.

History

Breguet was founded in 1775 by Abraham-Louis Breguet, a Swiss watchmaker born to Hugenot parents in Neuchâtel. He studied watchmaking for 10 years under Ferdinand Berthoud and Jean-Antoine Lépine before setting up his own watchmaking business in Paris at 51 Quai de l'Horloge on the Île de la Cité in Paris. The dowry that came with his marriage to the daughter of a prosperous French bourgeois provided the backing which allowed him to open his own workshop. Breguet's connections made during his apprenticeship as a watchmaker and as a student of mathematics helped him to establish his business. Following his introduction to the court, Queen Marie Antoinette grew fascinated by Breguet's unique self-winding watch; Louis XVI bought several of his watches. In 1783 the Swedish count, Axel Von Fersen, who was the queen's friend and reputed lover commissioned a watch from Breguet that was to contain every watch complication known at that time as a gift to Marie Antoinette, – Breguet's masterpiece, the Marie Antoinette (No. 160).

The business was a success, and around 1807 he took on his son Louis-Antoine as his partner, renaming the firm "Breguet et Fils" (Breguet and Sons). Louis-Antoine took over the firm upon the death of his father in 1823. After Louis-Antoine retired in 1833 (he died in 1858) the business was passed to Abraham-Louis' grandson Louis Clément Francois (1804–1883). Abraham-Louis' great-grandson Louis Antoine (1851–1882) was the last of the Breguet family to run the business. Although he had two sons and a daughter, they did not enter the business, so the Breguet company hired noted English watchmaker Edward Brown of Clerkenwell to manage the Paris factory. Brown eventually became a partner and, after Breguet's grandson's death, the owner and head of the company. When Brown died in 1895 the firm was taken over by his sons Edward and Henry. On Edward's retirement in the early 1900s, Henry Brown became the head of the firm.

Breguet changed hands several times in the 1970s and 1980s before being acquired by its current owner the Swatch Group in 1999.

Contemporary production

Gentlemen's:

• Classique: Simple, Grandes Complications – popular round pieces, usually with reeded casebands and soldered lugs;
• Marine – water-resistant, distinguished by the presence of crown guards;
• Heritage – tonneau-shaped cases;
• Type XX, XXI, XXII – sports chronographs, based on World War II-era pilots' watches;
• La Tradition – similar to the long gone Souscription by Breguet, open-faced watches with the movement on the front, along with a small face.

Women's: (mainly distinguished by diamonds)

• Classique;
• Marine;
• Heritage;
• Type XX;
• Reine de Naples – oval bezels.

Fictional owners

• Dr. Lorrain, famous Petersburg doctor, in Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace
• Hadji Murad, in Leo Tolstoy's Hadji Murad
• Dr. Stephen Maturin in Patrick O'Brian's Aubrey–Maturin series
• Baron Danglars from Dumas' The Count of Monte Cristo
• Viscount Albert de Morcerf from Dumas' The Count of Monte Cristo
• Eugene Onegin in Alexander Pushkin's Eugene Onegin
• Gerald Duncan in Jeffery Deaver's "The Cold Moon"
• Col. Gudin in Bernard Cornwell's "Sharpe's Tiger"
• Nicholas Fandorin in Boris Akunin's series of adventure novels. The watch was a gift from the Czar (King).
• Eugène de Rastignac in Honoré de Balzac's Le Père Goriot. The watch was a gift from Goriot's daughter, Delphine.
• Monique Lamont in the Win Garano series by Patricia Cornwell
• Wealthy investor Carl Van Loon, portrayed by Robert De Niro, in the 2011 film, Limitless
• Danny Chavasse in Peter O'Donnell's Last Day in Limbo and Cobra Trap/Dark Angels [Modesty Blaise]
• Major Henri Dulong in Bernard Cornwell's "Sharpe's Havoc"

Trivia

• Breguet offered a piece to navigator Bougainville as he was organizing his great expedition to the North Pole.
• Member of the American Watch Guild

References

• Breguet 1747–1823 – online edition of the seminal 1921 biography by Sir David Salomons, hosted by Archive.org

External links

• Official site
• Breguet watches in the Hermitage Museum