Briz (rocket stage)

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Briz-KM
Manufacturer Khrunichev
Country of origin Russia
General characteristics
Diameter 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in)[1]
Length 2.60 metres (8 ft 6 in)[1]
Gross mass 6,475 kilograms (14,275 lb)[2]
Propellant mass 5,055 kilograms (11,144 lb)[2]
Engine details
Engines 1 S5.98M[2]
Thrust 19.6 kN (4,400 lbf)
Specific impulse 326 s
Burn time 3000 seconds
Fuel N2O4/UDMH
Briz-M
Manufacturer Khrunichev
Country of origin Russia
General characteristics
Diameter 4.10 metres (13.5 ft)[3]
Length 2.61 metres (8 ft 7 in)[3]
Gross mass 22,500 kilograms (49,600 lb)[3]
Propellant mass 20,000 kilograms (44,000 lb)[3]
Engine details
Engines 1 S5.98M[3]
Thrust 19.6 kN (4,400 lbf)
Specific impulse 326 s
Burn time 3000 seconds
Fuel N2O4/UDMH

The Briz-K, Briz-KM and Briz-M (Russian: Бриз-К, КM and M meaning Breeze-K, KM and M) are Russian liquid-propellant rocket orbit insertion upper stages manufactured by Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center and used on the Proton-M, Angara A5 or Rokot, one of Russia's smaller launchers.

Characteristics

Briz-K and Briz-KM

Briz-K, GRAU index 14S12, is a single-piece structure with a conical tank compartment and the engine located in a recess in the fuel tank. Briz-KM (GRAU index 14S45) is a improved version of Briz-K.[4] The Briz-K and Briz-KM is used as a third stage of the Rokot launch vehicles.[5]

Briz-M

Briz-M, GRAU index 14S43, is designed for injecting large payloads into a low, medium-height or high geosynchronous orbit.[3] Briz-M is a twin upper stage consisting of a core module (using Briz-KM as the baseline) and a jettisonable add-on doughnut tank surrounding the core.[3] It is powered by a pump-fed gimballed main engine, the 14D30.[6] The main engine can be restarted 8 times in flight and allows precision placement of the spacecraft into orbit.[7] Orbital lifetime of the Briz-M is limited by available onboard battery power and is currently 24 hours.[7] The total time of the standard Proton/Briz-M mission to geosynchronous orbit profile from lift-off to spacecraft separation is approximately 9.3 hours.[7] A Proton launch vehicle with a Briz-M upper stage can also inject payloads to Earth escape trajectories.[7]

One of system's design goals has been to keep overall dimensions as small as possible. Briz-M takes much less space on board the launch vehicle compared to its predecessor, the Block D upper stage, leaving freed volume for the cargo.[8] A Proton with a Briz-M can place a 4,385 kg satellite, such as an A2100AX, into a target orbit with an apogee of 35,786 km, a perigee of 7,030 km, and an inclination of 17.3°.[9][10] Maximum lift capability of the Briz-M stage is 5,645 kg to geosynchronous transfer orbit with a 1,500 m/s residual velocity to GSO.[6] A tandem launch of multiple spacecraft is also supported, with the ability to inject the spacecraft into different orbits.[6]

History

Briz-M completed its maiden flight in May 2000, when it is delivered the Gorizont communications satellite into orbit.[citation needed]

It is planned to use Briz-M with the A3 and A5 versions of the future Angara rocket family.[3]

Launch chronology

Proton-M/Briz-M

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Date Configuration Notes
5 July 1999 Proton-K/Briz-M launch failure due to explosion of Proton second stage. Carried a Raduga communication satellite.
6 June 2000 Proton-K/Briz-M First successful flight of the Briz-M and delivery of Gorizont #45L communication satellite.
7 April 2001 Proton-M/Briz-M Maiden flight of Proton-M. Successful delivery of Ekran-M #18L communications satellite.
30 December 2002 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of an Nimiq 2 satellite.
6 June 2003 Proton-K/Briz-M successful launch of an Americom communication satellite.
10 December 2003 Proton-K/Briz-M successful launch of three GLONASS positioning satellites.
15 March 2004 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Eutelsat W3A communications satellite.
17 June 2004 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Intelsat-10-02 communications satellite.
5 August 2004 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Amazonas 1 satellite into an elliptical transfer orbit.
15 October 2004 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of AMC-15 communications satellite for SES Americom.
3 February 2005 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of AMC-12 communications satellite for SES Americom.
22 May 2005 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Direc TV-8 satellite.
8 September 2005 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Anik-F1R satellite.
29 December 2005 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of AMC-23 communications satellite.
28 February 2006 Proton-M/Briz-M launch failure leaves Briz-M and payload in unusable orbit. Carried an Arabsat-4A communication satellite. The booster eventually exploded on 19 February 2007, producing over 1000 trackable pieces of space debris.[11][12]
4 August 2006 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Hot Bird 8 communications satellite into the geostationary orbit for the Eutelsat.
8 November 2006 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Arabsat-4B (Badr-4) communications satellite.
11 December 2006 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of MEASAT-3 Malaysian communications satellite.
10 April 2007 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Anik F3 satellite for Telesat of Canada.
7 July 2007 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of DirecTV-10
6 September 2007 Proton-M/Briz-M Proton-M with JCSAT-11 satellite crashed after second stage failure of a gimbal mechanism.
18 November 2007 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Sirus 4 communications satellite.
9 December 2007 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Raduga-1M #1 satellite.
15 March 2008 Proton-M/Briz-M failed during second burn, leaving AMC-14 in useless orbit. The failure was caused by a ruptured exhaust gas conduit, which led to a shutdown of the turbo pump feeding the Briz-M engine.[13]
19 August 2008 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of the Inmarsat 4 F3 satellite. A modification was made to the Briz-M engine to include a new conduit in response to the 14 March failure. This modification will be used in all future launches.[13][14]
20 September 2008 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Nimiq-4[15]
6 November 2008 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Astra 1M from Baikonur, Kazakhstan
10 December 2008 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Ciel-2 from Baikonur.[16]
11 February 2009 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Express-AM44 and Express-MD1 from Baikonur
1 July 2009 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Sirius FM-5 from Baikonur[17]
17 August 2011 Proton-M/Briz-M Failed launch of Ekspress-AM4 satellite from Baikonur – lost contact with Briz-M on fourth burn.[18]
3 November 2011 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of 3 Glonass satellites.[19]
11 December 2011 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of AMOS-5 (Spacecom) and Luch-5A.[20]
14 February 2012 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of SES-4 communication satellite[21]
6 August 2012 Proton-M/Briz-M Failed launch of Telkom-3 and Ekspress-MD2 communication satellites[22]
8 December 2012 Proton-M/Briz-M Partial success launch of Yamal-402 communication satellite placing close to designated orbit keeping possibility to correct it[23]
26 March 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Satmex 8 communications satellite to Geostationary transfer orbit[24]
15 April 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Anik G1 satellite[25]
14 May 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful launch of Eutelsat-3D satellite[26]
3 June 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of SES-6 communication satellite into super-synchronous transfer orbit[27]
30 September 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Astra-2E communication satellite into Geosynchronous transfer orbit[28]
25 October 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Sirius FM-6 satellite into Geostationary transfer orbit[29]
12 November 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Raduga 1M #3 military communications satellite. However, all telemetry and data from the Briz-M was lost due to failed onboard data processing system Пирит (Pyrite)[30]
8 December 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Inmarsat-5 F1 satellite into super-synchronous transfer orbit[31]
26 December 2013 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Ekspress AM-5 satellite[32]
15 February 2014 Proton-M/Briz-M successful orbital insertion of Turksat-4A telecommunications satellite into Geostationary transfer orbit[33]
16 March 2014 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Express AT1 and Express AT2 telecommunications satellites into Geostationary orbit[34]
28 April 2014 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Luch-5V & KazSat-3 communications satellites into Geosynchronous orbit[35]
16 May 2014 Proton-M/Briz-M Loss of Ekspress AM-4R satellite due to failed Proton-M third stage[36]
28 September 2014 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Olimp-K/Luch military communications satellite into Geostationary orbit[37]
21 October 2014 Proton-M/Briz-M Ekspress-AM6 satellite was delivered to a lower-than-planned orbit. Later, Roscosmos stated that Ekspress-AM6 would be able to reach its planned orbit and expected to be operational by 1 July 2015[38]
15 December 2014 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Yamal 401 satellite into Geostationary orbit[39]
28 December 2014 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Astra 2G satellite to Geostationary orbit[40]
1 February 2015 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Inmarsat 5-F2 satellite into Supersynchronous orbit[41]
19 March 2015 Proton-M/Briz-M successful delivery of Ekspress AM-7 communications satellite into Geostationary orbit[42]
16 May 2015 Proton-M/Briz-M Third stage failure, loss of Mexsat-1 Centenario satellite.

Rokot/Briz-K/KM

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Main article: Rokot § Launch table

Angara A5/Briz-M

Date Configuration Notes
23 December 2014 Angara A5/Briz-M Maiden flight of Angara A5, mass simulator intentionally not separated from Briz-M upper stage[43]

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Proton/Breeze-M International Launch Services, retrieved on 23 March 2009
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Proton Launch System Mission Planner's Guide International Launch Services. Retrieved on 23 March 2008
  8. ↑ http://www.russianspaceweb.com/proton.html
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 PROTON BREEZE M CLEARED FOR RETURN TO FLIGHT
  14. ↑ ILS PROTON SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHES INMARSAT-4 F3 SATELLITE
  15. ↑ http://www.ilslaunch.com/newsroom/news-releases/ils-proton-successfully-launches-telesat%E2%80%99s-nimiq-4-satellite
  16. ↑ http://www.ilslaunch.com/newsroom/news-releases/ils-proton-successfully-launches-ciel-ii-satellite
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  42. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  43. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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