Calsequestrin

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calsequestrin 1 (fast-twitch, skeletal muscle)
File:Calsequestrin1.png
Calsequestrin monomer showing the three repeating calsequestrin domains
Identifiers
Symbol CASQ1
Alt. symbols CASQ
Entrez 844
HUGO 1512
OMIM 114250
PDB 1A8Y
RefSeq NM_001231
UniProt P31415
Other data
Locus Chr. 1 q21
calsequestrin 2 (cardiac muscle)
Identifiers
Symbol CASQ2
Entrez 845
HUGO 1513
OMIM 114251
RefSeq NM_001232
UniProt O14958
Other data
Locus Chr. 1 p13.3-p11
Calsequestrin
File:PDB 1a8y EBI.jpg
crystal structure of calsequestrin from rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum at 2.4 a resolution
Identifiers
Symbol Calsequestrin
Pfam PF01216
Pfam clan CL0172
InterPro IPR001393
PROSITE PDOC00675
SCOP 1a8y
SUPERFAMILY 1a8y

Calsequestrin is a calcium-binding protein of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The protein helps hold calcium in the cisterna of the sarcoplasmic reticulum after a muscle contraction, even though the concentration of calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum is much higher than in the cytosol. It also helps the sarcoplasmic reticulum store an extraordinarily high amount of calcium ions. Each molecule of calsequestrin can bind 18 to 50 Ca2+ ions. [1] Sequence analysis has suggested that calcium is not bound in distinct pockets via EF-hand motifs, but rather via presentation of a charged protein surface. Two forms of calsequestrin have been identified. The cardiac form (Calsequestrin-2/CASQ2) is present in cardiac and slow skeletal muscle and the fast skeletal form (Calsequestrin-1/CASQ1) is found in fast skeletal muscle. The release of calsequestrin-bound calcium (through a calcium release channel) triggers muscle contraction. The active protein is not highly structured, more than 50% of it adopting a random coil conformation.[2] When calcium binds there is a structural change whereby the alpha-helical content of the protein increases from 3 to 11%.[2] Both forms of calsequestrin are phosphorylated by casein kinase 2, but the cardiac form is phosphorylated more rapidly and to a higher degree.[3] Calsequestrin is also secreted in the gut where it deprives bacteria of calcium ions.

See also

References

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  2. 2.0 2.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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Further reading

  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links


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This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR001393