Carcar

For the town in Spain, see Cárcar.

Carcar
{{safesubst:#property:P18}}
{{safesubst:#property:P41}} Flag {{safesubst:#property:P158}} Seal
Motto: {{safesubst:#property:P1451}}
{{safesubst:#property:P242}} Map of {{safesubst:#property:P131}} with Carcar highlighted
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates:
Country	[[{{safesubst:#property:P17}}]]
Region	Central Visayas (Region VII)
Province	[[{{safesubst:#property:P131}}|{{safesubst:#property:P131}}]]
District	1st district of Cebu
Founded Cityhood	{{safesubst:#property:P571}}
Barangay	15 (see § Barangays)
Government
•	Nicepuro Apura (1‑Cebu)
• Vice {{safesubst:#property:P1313}}	Mario Patricio Barcenas
• Council	Members Ma Bernadith Barcenas Yoy Velez Rogelio Montesclaros Jeson Fernandez Victor Del Rosario Giovanni Quijano Archilles Gantuangco Harold Bolocboloc Nacua Elvi Sandoy Anthony Apura Commission on Elections
Area
• Total	116.78 km2 (45.09 sq mi)
	includes Bolinawan Islet (26 ha)
Highest elevation	660 m (2,170 ft)
Population ( )
• Total	{{safesubst:#property:P1,082}}
• Voter  (2013)	{{safesubst:#property:P1,831}}
• Language	{{safesubst:#property:P1,412}}
Demonym(s)	{{safesubst:#property:P1549}}
Time zone	PHT (UTC+8)
ZIP code	{{safesubst:#property:P281}}
IDD : area code	+63 (0){{safesubst:#property:P473}}
[[{{safesubst:#property:P31}}#Income classification|Income class]]	{{s class
PSGC	[http://nap.psa.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/municipality.asp?muncode={{#pro000&regcode={{&provcode= p {{#property:P988}} ]

Carcar, officially the City of Carcar (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Carcar; Filipino Lungsod ng Carcar), is a income class in the province of [[{{safesubst:#property:P131}}|{{safesubst:#property:P131}}]], Philippines. According to the , it has a population of {{safesubst:#property:P1082}}. In the 2013 election, it had {{safesubst:#property:P1,831}} registered voters.

Carcar lies within Metro Cebu area.

Geography

Carcar is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Cebu City. It is bounded on the north by San Fernando; on the south by Sibonga; on the west by Barili and Aloguinsan; and on the east by the Cebu Strait. It has a land area of 116.78 square kilometres (45.09 sq mi).

Topography

The land is generally level with less than 18% slope comprising 78.7% of the total land area. Areas with slopes ranging from 18 to 50% cover 19.3% of the total land area and those over 50% slope comprise approximately 1.9%. The highest recorded elevation is a little over 660 metres (2,170 ft) above sea level, located within the barangay of Napo.

Soil type

The municipality has five dominant soil types namely: Faraon Clay, Steep Phase, the Lugo Clay, the Mandaue clay loam & the Hydrosol type.

Climate

The wet season occurs during the months of May to October and the dry season, from January to May.

Barangays

Carcar comprises 15 barangays:

• Bolinawan
• Buenavista
• Calidngan
• Can-asujan
• Guadalupe
• Liburon
• Napo
• Ocaña
• Perrelos
• Poblacion I
• Poblacion II
• Poblacion III
• Tuyom
• Valencia
• Valladolid

Demographics

Population census of Carcar
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1990	70,841	—
1995	78,726	+2.00%
2000	89,199	+2.71%
2007	100,632	+1.68%
2010	107,323	+2.37%
Source: National Statistics Office

In the 2013 election, it had {{safesubst:#property:P1,831}} registered voters, meaning that % of the population are aged 18 and over.

History

Carcar was known as "Sialao" since before the Spanish colonization. It became a municipality in 1599.

Carcar is considered one of the oldest towns in Cebu, with its Spanish influence lasted more than 300 years ago.

Cityhood

During the 11th Congress (1998–2001), Congress enacted into law 33 bills converting 33 municipalities into cities. However, Congress did not act on a further 24 bills converting 24 other municipalities into cities.

During the 12th Congress (2001–2004), Congress enacted into law Republic Act No. 9009 (RA 9009), which took effect on 30 June 2001. RA 9009 amended Section 450 of the Local Government Code by increasing the annual income requirement for conversion of a municipality into a city from ₱20 million to ₱100 million. The rationale for the amendment was to restrain, in the words of Senator Aquilino Pimentel, "the mad rush" of municipalities to convert into cities solely to secure a larger share in the Internal Revenue Allotment despite the fact that they are incapable of fiscal independence.

After RA 9009 went into effect, the House of Representatives of the 12th Congress adopted Joint Resolution No. 29, which sought to exempt from the ₱100 million income requirement in RA 9009 the 24 municipalities whose cityhood bills were not approved in the 11th Congress. However, the 12th Congress ended without the Senate having approved Joint Resolution No. 29.

During the 13th Congress (2004–2007), the House of Representatives re-adopted former Joint Resolution No. 29 as Joint Resolution No. 1 and forwarded it to the Senate for approval. However, the Senate again failed to approve the Joint Resolution. Following the suggestion of Senator Aquilino Pimentel (Senate President), 16 municipalities filed, through their respective sponsors, individual cityhood bills. The 16 cityhood bills each contained a common provision exempting it from the ₱100 million income requirement of RA 9009 –

"Exemption from Republic Act No. 9009. — The City of x x x shall be exempted from the income requirement prescribed under Republic Act No. 9009."

On 22 December 2006, the House of Representatives approved the cityhood bills. The Senate also approved the cityhood bills in February 2007, except that of Naga, Cebu which was passed on 7 June 2007. These cityhood bills lapsed into law on various dates from March to July 2007 after President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo failed to sign them.

The point of law at issue in 2007 was whether there had been a breach of Section 10, Article X of the 1987 Constitution, which provides –

No province, city, municipality, or barangay shall be created, divided, merged, abolished or its boundary substantially altered, except in accordance with the criteria established in the local government code and subject to approval by a majority of the votes cast in a plebiscite in the political units directly affected.

– and in each case the established criteria were far from met.

In November 2008, Carcar and 15 other cities lost their cityhood after the Supreme Court of the Philippines granted a petition filed by the League of Cities of the Philippines, and declared unconstitutional the cityhood law (RA 9436) which had allowed the town to acquire its city status. The Supreme Court ruled that they did not pass the requirements for cityhood.

On 10 December 2008, the 16 cities affected acting together filed a motion for reconsideration with the Supreme Court. More than a year later, on 22 December 2009, acting on said appeal, the Court reversed its earlier ruling as it ruled that "at the end of the day, the passage of the amendatory law" (regarding the criteria for cityhood as set by Congress) "is no different from the enactment of a law, i.e., the cityhood laws specifically exempting a particular political subdivision from the criteria earlier mentioned. Congress, in enacting the exempting law/s, effectively decreased the already codified indicators." Accordingly cityhood status was restored.

But on 27 August 2010, the 16 cities lost their city status again, after the Supreme Court voted 7-6, with two justices not taking part, to reinstate the 2008 decision declaring as "unconstitutional" the Republic Acts that converted the 16 municipalities into cities. A previous law required towns aspiring to become cities to earn at least ₱100 million annually, which none of the 16 did.

On 15 February 2011, the Supreme Court made another volte-face and upheld for the third time the cityhood of 16 towns in the Philippines.

Finally, on 12 April 2011, the Supreme Court, in an en banc ruling delivered in Baguio City, affirmed the finality of the constitutionality of the 16 cityhood laws by resolving that:

We should not ever lose sight of the fact that the 16 cities covered by the Cityhood Laws not only had conversion bills pending during the 11th Congress, but have also complied with the requirements of the LGC prescribed prior to its amendment by R.A. No. 9009. Congress undeniably gave these cities all the considerations that justice and fair play demanded. Hence, this Court should do no less by stamping its imprimatur to the clear and unmistakable legislative intent and by duly recognizing the certain collective wisdom of Congress. WHEREFORE, the Ad Cautelam Motion for Reconsideration (of the Decision dated 15 February 2011) is denied with finality.

On 28 June 2011 the Supreme Court directed the Clerk of Court to issue the entry of judgment on the cityhood case of 16 municipalities. This entry of judgment ended the cityhood battle of the 16 cities.

Tourism

Mercado Ancestral Home

• As a Heritage City of Cebu, Carcar contains various Spanish and American period structures. The Carcar plaza alone hosts several heritage structures, the Church of St. Catherine of Alexandria dominates the area. Within the complex various structures stand, including quaint houses and their distinctive architectural details.
• Surrounding the Rotunda and in the public market one will find the famous Carcar chicharon, lechon, ampao, bucarillo, gogorias and puso – just some of the local delicacies.
• Guadalupe Mabugnao Mainit Hot Spring National Park
• Tuyom Beach – Beach Houses
• Historical Structures – Poblacion II Spanish Antiques
• Calvary Hills Ocaña Station of the Cross
• Miraculous Statue of Perrelos Statue of Virgin Mary

Notable people

• Msgr. Teofilo Bastida Camomot – founded the Congregation of Blessed Virgin Missionaries
• Sheryn Regis – singer

Gallery

• 

  Rizal Monument at Town Plaza

• 

  One of the Ancestral Houses located in Carcar

• 

  Carcar Church Interior

• 

  Carcar Town Complex

• 

  Carcar Church Main Altar

External links

• DTI Cebu - Carcar
• Images of Carcar, the Heritage City of Cebu
• http://veronizm.blogspot.com/2010/10/balay-na-tisa-carcar-cebu.html