Century, Florida

Century, Florida
Town
Motto: Traditional Values. Today's Technology.
Location in Escambia County and the state of Florida Location in Escambia County and the state of Florida
Coordinates:
Country	United States
State	Florida
County	Escambia
Area
• Total	3.4 sq mi (8.7 km2)
• Land	3.2 sq mi (8.4 km2)
• Water	0.1 sq mi (0.3 km2)
Elevation	85 ft (26 m)
Population (2010)
• Total	1,698
• Density	525/sq mi (202.8/km2)
Time zone	Central (CST) (UTC-6)
• Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code	32535
Area code(s)	850
FIPS code	12-11362
GNIS feature ID	0280274
Website	www.centuryflorida.com

Century is a town in Escambia County, Florida, United States. The population was 1,698 at the 2010 United States Census. It is part of the Pensacola–Ferry Pass–Brent Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Century was founded in 1901 as a sawmill company town, and named from the fact the year 1901 was the 1st year of the 20th century. A post office has been in operation at Century since 1901.

Geography

Century is located at (30.977648, -87.261500).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 3.4 square miles (8.7 km²), of which 3.2 square miles (8.4 km²) is land and 0.12 square miles (0.3 km²), or 3.69%, is water.

Century is located in the Western Highlands of Florida. This physiographic province of the northern Gulf Coast region is made up of sand, silt, and clay hills. These highlands are deeply incised by creeks and rivers. Century is located on the western edge of the Escambia River floodplain. A small portion of the town (the eastern side) is within the floodplain itself. Most of the community, however, is located above the floodplain on level to gently sloping hillsides.

Century's roadway network is highly irregular. It does not conform to the state of Florida's section, township and range survey system, for two reasons. The first is because Spanish land grants were issued along the Escambia River in the 16th and 17th centuries. These boundaries established a unique survey system that contorted east-to-west survey boundaries once Florida became a state and a state survey system was adopted, at which time previously existing survey systems were "grandfathered" in. The second reason for an irregular roadway and property boundary system is due to the community originally being built around the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (now the CSX railway). Automobile highways were eventually constructed, and closely paralleled the railway. A more modern highway (US 29) was constructed and moved many of the commercial operations west of the small original core of the community (now mostly located within the Alger-Sullivan Lumber Company Residential Historic District).

U.S. Route 29 is used by residents of Escambia County to reach points north. Alabama State Route 113 leads north from the state line to Interstate 65 and provides the area with a route to Montgomery, Birmingham and Atlanta. From a southbound perspective, Century is en route between these major cities and the coastal beaches at Pensacola Beach and Perdido Key in Florida.

Century is the western terminus of State Road 4, which leads east to the communities of Jay, Munson, Baker, and Milligan.

Fresh water supplies are abundant, with water being withdrawn as groundwater from the local sand and gravel aquifer.

In 1970, oil was discovered in the nearby community of Jay. Oil was also discovered near the town of Century, especially to its northeast. Oil became important to the local economy during the latter quarter of the 20th century.

Gravel and sand is mined in open pits in and near Century. These natural mineral deposits are essential to supporting the construction industries in nearby Pensacola and Mobile, especially for use as aggregate materials in concrete.

Timber and pulpwood are other valuable natural commodities of the area. Nearby papermills at Cantonment, Florida, and Brewton, Alabama, provide a market for cut pulpwood. Timber processing is conducted by another industry about ten miles south of Century.

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1950	395		—
1960	462		17.0%
1970	329		−28.8%
1980	495		50.5%
1990	1,989		301.8%
2000	1,714		−13.8%
2010	1,698		−0.9%
Est. 2014	1,752		3.2%
U.S. Decennial Census

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,714 people, 680 households, and 448 families residing in the town. The population density was 522.5 inhabitants per square mile (201.8/km²). There were 800 housing units at an average density of 243.9 per square mile (94.2/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 39.67% White, 56.65% African American, 0.58% Native American, 0.64% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.35% from other races, and 2.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.63% of the population.

There were 680 households out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.5% were married couples living together, 25.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.1% were non-families. 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.21.

In the town the population was spread out with 30.0% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 80.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $20,703, and the median income for a family was $28,241. Males had a median income of $26,932 versus $17,390 for females. The per capita income for the town was $10,412. About 24.5% of families and 30.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 41.4% of those under age 18 and 26.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

A Florida prison known as Century Correctional Institution is the only major employer in the region. This facility has employs a full-time staff of 401, which is almost 25% of the entire population of Century.

Education

Main article: Escambia County School District

Residents of Century and the surrounding area in Escambia County are served by the Escambia County School District.

Century is within the zones of the following schools:

• Bratt Elementary School (Bratt, Florida)
• Ernest Ward Middle School (Walnut Hill, Florida)
• Northview High School (Bratt, Florida)

External links

• Town of Century official website
• Escambia River (Northwest Florida Water Management District)