Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak
Charles Brooke | |||||
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Rajah of Sarawak | |||||
Reign | 3 August 1868 – 17 May 1917 | ||||
Predecessor | James Brooke | ||||
Successor | Charles Vyner Brooke | ||||
Born | Charles Anthoni Johnson 3 June 1829 Berrow Vicarage, Burnham-on-Sea, Somerset, England |
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Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Cirencester, Gloucestershire, England[1] |
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Burial | St Leonard's Church, Sheepstor on Dartmoor | ||||
Spouse | Margaret Alice Lili de Windt Dayang Mastiah binti Abang Aing |
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Issue | 6, including Charles Vyner and Bertram | ||||
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Dynasty | Brooke Dynasty | ||||
Father | Francis Johnson | ||||
Mother | Emma Johnson |
Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak, GCMG (Charles Anthoni Johnson Brooke; 3 June 1829 – 17 May 1917), born Charles Anthoni Johnson, ruled as the head of state of Raj of Sarawak from 3 August 1868 until his death. He succeeded his uncle, James Brooke, as the second White Rajah of this small country on the coast of Borneo.
Biography
Charles Anthoni Johnson, was born in Berrow Vicarage, Burnham, Somerset, in England, to the Rev. Francis Charles and Emma Frances Johnson, née Brooke. Emma was the younger sister of James Brooke, the first Rajah of Sarawak. In addition to Charles, Francis and Emma had other children: Captain John Brooke Johnson (1823–1868) (later Brooke Brooke), Mary Anna Johnson (b. 1824), Harriet Helena Johnson (b. 1826), Charlotte Frances Johnson (b. 1828), Captain (William) Frederic Johnson (b. 1830), Emma Lucy Johnson (b. 1832), Margaret Henrietta Johnson (1834–1845), Georgianna Brooke Johnson (1836–1854), James Stuart Johnson (1839–1840), and Henry Stuart Johnson (b. 1841).
Charles was educated at Crewkerne Grammar School and entered the Royal Navy. He entered the service of his uncle James, the first Rajah of Sarawak, in 1852, took his name, and began as Resident at the Lundu station in the Raj of Sarawak. In 1865, James named Charles as his successor.
Charles married Margaret Alice Lili de Windt at Highworth, Wiltshire on 28 October 1869; she was raised to the title of Ranee of Sarawak with the style of Her Highness on the same day. They had six children, three of whom survived infancy:
- Dayang Ghita Brooke (1870–1873)
- James Harry Brooke (1872–1873)
- Charles Clayton Brooke (1872–1873)
- Charles Vyner Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak (1874–1963)
- Bertram Willes Dayrell Brooke, Tuan Muda (1876–1965)
- Henry Keppel Brooke, Tuan Bongsu (1879–1926)[2]
His son Charles Vyner Brooke succeeded him as Rajah. Charles had another son, Esca Brooke (1867–1953), the result of a previous marriage with a Malay woman known as Dayang Mastiah. Esca was later adopted by Rev. William Daykin, moved to Canada, and took the name Brooke-Daykin.[3]
Charles resigned his commission in the Royal Navy in 1861[1] and continued the work his uncle had started, suppressing piracy, slavery, and head-hunting,[1] while encouraging trade and development and expanding his borders as the opportunity arose. In 1891 he established the Sarawak Museum, the first museum in Borneo. Brooke founded a boys' school in 1903, called the 'Government Lay School', where Malays could be taught in the Malay language. This was the forerunner of SMK Green Road.[4] By the time of his death, Britain had granted Sarawak protectorate status, it had a parliamentary government and a railway, and oil had been discovered.
All three White Rajahs are buried in St Leonard's Church in the village of Sheepstor on Dartmoor.
Honours
British Honours
At least two Bornean species were named in Brooke's honour:
- Brooke's Squirrel (Sundasciurus brookei), named by Oldfield Thomas
- Cervus brookei, a deer named [5] by Charles Hose in 1893
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to [[commons:Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).]]. |
- Fort Margherita
- Genealogy Johnson/Brooke
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Sir Charles Anthony Johnson-Brooke. The Peerage
- ↑ 'The White Rajahs of Sarawak - Dynastic Intrigue and the Forgotten Canadian Heir' by historian Cassandra Pybus, 1996, Douglas & McIntyre, Vancouver/Toronto, ISBN 1-55054-603-1
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Further reading
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- Dictionary of National Biography entry
Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak
Brooke family
Born: June 3 1829 Died: May 17 1917 |
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Regnal titles | ||
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Preceded by | Rajah of Sarawak 1868–1917 |
Succeeded by Vyner |