Chat (bird)
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- This article is about the Old World chats; see below for other birds called "chats".
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| Whinchat (Saxicola rubetra) | |
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Saxicolinae
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About 30, see text. |
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Chats (formerly sometimes known as "chat-thrushes") are a group of small Old World insectivorous birds formerly[when?] classified as members of the thrush family Turdidae, but now[vague] considered Old World flycatchers.
The name is normally applied to the more robust ground-feeding flycatchers found in Europe and Asia and most northern species are strong migrants. There are a large number of genera and these birds in particular make up most of the subfamily Saxicolinae.
Other songbirds called "chats" are:
- Australian chats, genera Ashbyia and Epthianura of the honeyeater family (Meliphagidae). They belong to a more ancient lineage than Saxicolinae.
- American chats, genus Granatellus of the cardinal family (Cardinalidae), formerly placed in the wood-warbler family. They belong to a more modern lineage than Saxicolinae.
- Yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens), an enigmatic North American songbird tentatively placed in the wood-warbler family (Parulidae); its true relationships are unresolved.
Species in taxonomic order
- Subfamily Saxicolinae
- Genus Tarsiger - bush-robins
- Red-flanked bluetail or orange-flanked bush-robin, Tarsiger cyanurus
- Golden bush robin, Tarsiger chrysaeus
- White-browed bush robin, Tarsiger indicus
- Rufous-breasted bush robin, Tarsiger hyperythrus
- Collared bush robin, Tarsiger johnstoniae
- Genus Luscinia (11 species) - paraphyletic
- Genus Erithacus - robins
- Genus Irania - white-throated robin
- Genus Saxicola - bushchats and stonechats (c. 15 species)
- Genus Pogonocichla
- White-starred robin, Pogonocichla stellata
- Genus Swynnertonia
- Swynnerton's robin, Swynnertonia swynnertoni
- Genus Stiphrornis - forest robins (1-5 species, depending on taxonomy)
- Genus Xenocopsychus
- Angolan cave chat, Xenocopsychus ansorgei
- Genus Saxicoloides - Indian robin
- Genus Cinclidium
- White-tailed robin, Cinclidium leucurum
- Sunda robin, Cinclidium diana
- Blue-fronted robin, Cinclidium frontale
- Genus Grandala
- Grandala, Grandala coelicolor
- Genus Namibornis
- Herero chat, Namibornis herero
- Genus Cercomela
- Sickle-winged chat, Cercomela sinuata
- Karoo chat, Cercomela schlegelii
- Tractrac chat, Cercomela tractrac
- Familiar chat, Cercomela familiaris
- Brown-tailed rock chat, Cercomela scotocerca
- Indian chat, Cercomela fusca
- Sombre rock chat, Cercomela dubia
- Blackstart, Cercomela melanura
- Moorland chat, Cercomela sordida
- Genus Myrmecocichla
- Congo moorchat, Myrmecocichla tholloni
- Anteater chat, Myrmecocichla aethiops
- Southern anteater-chat, Myrmecocichla formicivora
- Sooty chat, Myrmecocichla nigra
- Rüppell's black chat, Myrmecocichla melaena
- White-fronted black chat, Myrmecocichla albifrons
- White-headed black-chat, Myrmecocichla arnotti
- Genus Thamnolaea - cliff chats
- Mocking cliff chat, Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris
- White-winged cliff chat, Thamnolaea semirufa
- Genus Pinarornis
- Boulder chat Pinarornis plumosus
- Genus Tarsiger - bush-robins
Saxicolinae genera not usually called "chats" are:
- Genus Sheppardia - akalats (9 species)
- Genus Cossyphicula - white-bellied robin-chat - may belong in Cossypha
- Genus Cossypha - robin-chats (14 species)
- Genus Cichladusa - palm-thrushes (3 species)
- Genus Cercotrichas - scrub-robins or bush-chats (11 species)
- Genus Myophonus, whistling thrushes
- Genus Copsychus - magpie-robins or shamas (7 species)
- Genus Phoenicurus - true redstarts (11 species)
- Genus Enicurus - forktails (7 species)
- Genus Cochoa - cochoas (4 species)
- Genus Brachypteryx - (4 species)
- Genus Heinrichia - great shortwing
- Genus Leonardina - Bagabo babbler
- Genus Oenanthe - wheatears (some 20 species)
- Genus Trichixos - rufous-tailed shama
Aberrant redstarts, possibly belonging in this subfamily:
- Genus Chaimarrornis - white-capped redstart
- Genus Rhyacornis (2 species)
- Genus Hodgsonius - white-bellied redstart
